1、SAT语法代词指代,代词的概念： 代词是代替名词的一种词类。代词的分类： 人称代词 I, you, he, she, they, me, you, him, her, them 物主代词 my, his, her, their, mine, his, hers, theirs 指示代词 this, that, these, those 反身代词 myself, himself, herself, themselves 疑问代词 who, what, which 不定代词 some, any, many, both 关系代词 which, who, that 相互代词 each other, o
2、ne another 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever,关于代词考点的说明： SAT考试中，考察代词的题目非常多 SAT代词语法与普通英语语法不完全相同 选项中出现代词，优先分析该代词使用是否正确（快速排除错项）老陈原则： 出现代词“指代不清”或“无所指代” 的选项必错。,1. 代词“指代不清”： 当前文中出现了两个以上单数名词，而后文中出现单数代词时； 当前文中出现了两个以上复数名词，而后文中出现复数代词时。例如： Jefferson and his son went to p
3、lay football after he returned home. Tom came across Jerry after he ate a mouse.注：在SAT语法中，只要出现了上述代词“指代不清”的情况，不管读者是否可以从经验上区别文中代词到底指代前文哪个名词，我们都认为该处指代发生了“指代不清”的错误。,OG-P472-28 Neither Ms. Perez nor Ms. Tanaka believes that watching as A B much television as her son Sam does will lead to anything C D pro
4、ductive. No error.E,选C。her可能指代Ms. Perez 也可能指代Ms. Tanaka，指代不清。,David, Jason and Isaac were hiking when, stumbling over a rock, he fell down a steep embankment when, stumbling over a rock, he fell down a steep embankment and then he fell down a steep embankment after he stumbled over a rock when Isaac
5、 fell down a steep embankment after stumbling over a rock when Isaac fell down a steep embankment, since he stumbled over a rock and, since he stumbled over a rock, he fell down a steep embankment,选C。选项A,B,D,E中的he均犯了“指代不清”的错误。,2. 代词“无所指代”： 当后文中出现了单数代词，而前文中没有相应的单数名词对应； 当后文中出现了复数代词，而前文中没有相应的复数名词对应例如：
6、My parents gave me a lot of support in preparing SAT exam. For example, he bought me a lot of delicious snacks everyday.注：在SAT语法中，只要出现了上述代词“无所指代”的情况，不管读者是否可以从经验上判断出文中代词到底指代什么，我们都认为该处指代发生了“无所指代”的错误。,OG-P410-26 Home of the worlds largest chocolate-manufacturing plant, A Hershey, Pennsylvania, was orig
7、inally known as Derry Church, butBits name was changed in 1906 to honor one of their most famous C D residents. No errorE,选D。their无所指代,前文H地点为单数名词,OG-P532-10 To introduce itself to a wider audience, the little-known band sold its CDs cheaply to enthusiastic fans, who in turn shared the music with fri
8、ends.sold its CDs cheaply sold their CDs cheaply sells its CDs at a low price prices their CDs low for to sell will sell its CDs at a cheap price,选A。B和D中的their无所指代,C和E的时态错误,3. 代词格式错误： 代词的主格、宾格使用必须正确,OG-P602-26 Apparently impressed with our plans, the foundation awardedACarlos and I a grant to establ
9、ish a network of community centers B C throughout the city. No error.D E选B。此处代词用于动词award后面，故应该使用宾格me （注意：be impressed with与be impressed by两种写法都正确）,OG-P602-21 The report Alexander is discussing, a report prepared jointly by A he and the committee, does not take into account the B C socioeconomic stat
10、us of those interviewed. No error.D E选B。此处代词用于介词by后面，故应该使用宾格him,4. 代词单复数错误： 后文中的代词单复数必须与前文所指代的名词单复数一致 （名词单复数同理）例如（以下两句代词使用正确）： The strike went on for a month before it was settled. I recognized one of the girls, but I could not remember her name.,OG-P409-12 Interested in studying insects and their e
11、ffects on agriculture, A Larissa and Tariq plan to become an entomologist and then return B C D to help the farmers in their small town. No error.E,选C。an entomologist指代Larissa and Tariq单复数错误,OG-P471-17 Joining a grassroots movement against inhumane working conditions, some consumers in the United St
12、ates have stopped A buying products from countries in which workers are essentially B C a slave laborer. No error.D E,选D。slave laborer指代前文的workers，必须使用复数形式。,OG-P429-3 The origins of the Teapot Dome scandal can be traced to the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson
13、.can be traced to the presidency of can be traced to the presidencies of happened in the presidency of happening during the presidencies of that happened in the presidency of选B。三位总统的presidencies（任期），故必须使用复数形式。,5. it的用法：it作先行主语：指代不定式或动名词或从句 It is a good idea to study abroad. It is a waste of time doi
14、ng that. It does not matter whether he comes or not.it作先行宾语：指代不定式或动名词或从句 He found it difficult to find out the truth. Do you think it worthwhile spending so much money? I dont think it important whether he agrees or not.,it作非人称代指：指代天气、温度、距离、时间、日期等 It can be very warm in September. It is five miles t
15、o the nearest gas station. It is two days to Christmas.it引导强调句：通常是强调句子的主语或宾语 It was Johnny who helped me finish the work. It was from Steven that she first heard the news.,OG-P660-26 Until it can be replaced by a faster, more efficient and more A B economical means of transportation, trucks will car
16、ry most of C the freight within and through metropolitan areas. No error.D E选A。it为单数，不能代指trucks（常规错误）,6. 其他说明： SAT语法不接受泛指（普通语法允许） They say Chris Brown is a promising singer.SAT语法不接受which指代前面的整个句子（普通语法允许） My computer broke down last night, which made me unlikely to finish the Physics assignment on ti
17、me.考试题目中若出现以上两种情况，则认为是错误,代词既可以指代前文提到的事物，又可以指代后文提到的事物（只要指代对象清晰，则都认为语法正确）代词指代前文事物 The swimming dog believes that he were a frog.代词指代后文事物 Because of his hardworking, Jason got a GPA of 4.0 this semester.,OG-P492-9 Through his novels Thomas Wolfe reveals to us both the pain and the beauty of his boyhood
18、 in the American South Through his novels Thomas Wolfe reveals to us both the pain and By means of Thomas Wolfes novels, which reveal to us both the pain and Not only the pain is revealed to us in Thomas Wolfes novels but he also describes Thomas Wolfe, through the medium of his novels, reveals to u
19、s both the pain with As a novelist, Thomas Wolfe thus revealing to us the pain and 选A。his指代后面的Thomas Wolfe,来点“难题”吧,OG-P534-19 Horse psychology, a science that investigates the reasons for theAbehavior of horses, help trainers both motivate their charges B C and prevent problems. No error.D E选B。句子主语为
20、Horse psychology，故句子谓语应为单数helps。,OG-531-1 Norman Rockwell was an illustrator and painter that was able to make a living at it. Norman Rockwell was an illustrator and painter that was able to make a living at it. Norman Rockwell was able to make a living as an illustrator and painter An illustrator and painter, Norman Rockwell was able to make a living at it. Able to make a living from them, Norman Rockwell illustrated and painted. By illustrating and painting was how Norman Rockwell was able to make a living.,选B。A,C选项中的it错误，D改变句意且them错误，E倒装结构错误。,
