1、 8 下 Unit 1 Past and Present一、复习单词表A、拼读易错单词、重要单词present northern pollution factory realize situation however interview environment condition abroad primary communication exactly B、重要单词用法1、past n. “过去”， in the past 用一般过去时； adj.“刚过去的”，during the past years 在过去几年时间里；来源:学优高考网prep.“路过，过”，drive past the b
2、ank 开车经过银行；a quarter past seven 七点一刻。pass v.“传递，通过”，pass sth. to sb.= pass sb. sth.把某物传给某人； pass the exam 通过考试，考试及格。 Luckily, he _ (pass). I walked _(pass) the shop yesterday.2、present prezntn. 1)现在，目前 at present=at the moment.2)礼物 =giftprizent vt. 介绍； 出现； 提出； 赠送 present sth. with sb. 授予某人某物3、marry.
3、 vi. link v 1)The tree turns green. n. 2) Its your turn now. vt. 3) They turned the place into a big cinema.19、waste n.U 废物 too much wasteC 浪费 Watching TV ads is just a _ of time. vt. 浪费 waste time 浪费时间 waste water 浪费水Dont_( waste) the time.20、returnvi 返回 return to vt 归还 return sth.to把某物还给return the
4、 book to the library 把书还给图书馆21、pollution n.U 污染 much pollution pollute v. 污染 pollute the river 污染小河polluted adj. 被污染的 a polluted river 一条被污染的小河We should _(pollute) the water. The water _(pollute) is terrible. Drinking _(pollute) water is bad for our health.22、improve v. 提高;改善 n. C improvementimprove
5、 the environment 改善环境23、24、来源:学优高考网25、improve v. 提高;改善 n. Cimprovementimprove the environment 改善环境26、impossible adj. 不可能的 possible adj. 可能的 in ones way 挡某人的路；妨碍 Dont be in my way. 不要妨碍我。on ones way 在某人去的路上 on my way home （副词前不加 to）在我回家的路上in some ways 在某种程度上 In some ways , he is a good boy. 在某种程度上，他是
6、个好孩子。used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 I used to _(go) to school by bus. 我过去常常坐公车去学校be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 I am used _(go) here now. 我现在已经习惯住在这里了。be used to do/for sth. 被用来做某事 Pen is used to write. 笔是用来写的。possibility n. 可能性 Nothing is _(possible). There is a high _(possible).二重要句型1 你过去对我那么好。 You _be
7、so kind to me.2 你对阳光镇非常了解吗？Do you know Sunshine Town very well? 3. 阳光河边曾经有一个钢铁厂。There was once a _ near the Sunshine River.4. 做某事对某人来说。 Its + adj + for sb to do sth.对我们来说像以前一样经常见面已经变得不可能了。It has become impossible for us to _5. 我们过去常在一起打牌下中国象棋。We used to _together.6. 我有时会觉得有点孤独。 I feel a bit lonely f
8、rom time to time.7. 不管怎样，能看到小镇这些令人惊叹的变化，还是不错的。Anyway, _to see the amazing changes in the town.8. 近几年我的家乡发生了许多变化。 （3 种）Many changes _ in my hometown over the years.There have been _ in my hometown over the years.My hometown _ a lot over the years.9. 自从他去世以来已经三年了。( 4 种 )He _three years ago. He _ for t
9、hree years/ since three years ago .It is / has been three years since _. Three years _since he died.10. 现在人们可以乘公共汽车、出租车或火车进出城镇，但是在过去，人们只能乘公共汽车或骑自行车旅行People can now travel to and from the town by bus, taxi or train, but _people could only travel by bus or bicycle.11. 当地人过去住在老房子里， 但现在大部分人已经搬进了新公寓。Loca
10、l people used to _, but now, most of them have moved into new flats. 12. 他习惯于晚饭后散步。 He is used to _ after supper.13. 你们如何互相保持联系？ How do you _each other?14. 我们主要通过 QQ 交流。 We _communicate by QQ.15. 我过去步行上学。 I used to walk to school. / I used to go to school _16. 因特网使得交际容易得多。 The Internet makes communi
11、cation _17. 很快适应生活的变化不容易。来源:gkstk.ComIts not easy to _the changes of life quickly.18. 过去，小镇上的路又狭窄又脏；但是现在街道又宽又干净，两边绿树成荫。In the past, there were (only) narrow and dirty roads in the small town. But now the streets are wide and clean, _.19. 政府也在一些大的空地上建了商店和高楼。The government has also built shops and tal
12、l buildings _20. 现在人们正享受舒适的生活。Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.21. 现在政府把镇中心的一部分变成了一个新的公园。Now the government _the town _ a park.三、重要语法（例句解读）1、现在完成时的肯定句、否定句的构成（以实义动词 work 为例）肯定句：I/We/You/They have (I/We/You/Theyve) worked.否定句：I/We/You/They have not (I/We/You/They havent) worked.肯定句：He/She/ I
13、t has(Hes/Shes/Its) worked.否定句：He/She/It has not(hasnt) worked.2、现在完成时的一般疑问句及其简略答语（肯定、否定）的构成一般疑问句： Have I/we/you/they worked?肯定简略答语：Yes, I/we/you/they have.否定简略答语：No, I/we/you/they have not(havent).一般疑问句： Has he/she/ it worked?肯定简略答语：Yes, he/ she/it has.否定简略答语：No, he/she/it has not (hasnt).3、现在完成时的用
14、法用法 1：过去开始发生的动作或存在的状况一直延续到现在例句：They have waited for more than two hours.他们等了两个多小时。He has been an English teacher since 2002.自从 2002 年以来他一直当英语教师。特别提示：常用的标志词有：for two days/ weeks, for a long time, since last year/ 2005用法 2：表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响例句：Ive already mailed the letter.那封信我已经寄出。Have you ever eate
15、n French cheese? 你（曾经）吃过法国奶酪吗？Has it stopped raining yet? 雨已经停了吗？（yet 表示期待雨停止）I have just finished my homework. 我刚做完家庭作业。特别提示：常用标志词有：already(用于肯定句),never(用于否定句)，ever(用于疑问句，问初次经历)，yet(用于否定句、疑问句)，just( 位于实义动词前)，before（一般位于句末）用法 3：过去发生的动作，到现在为止这一时间段中，多次动作的总和或所做工作量的积累例句：She really loves that film. She h
16、as seen it eight times.她真的很喜欢那部电影。她已看了八遍了。（多次动作的总和）We have learned three English songs this term.这学期我们已经学了三首英语歌曲了。（所做工作量的积累）现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语:1)副词 already 和 yet。already 一般用于肯定句中， yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。e.g. We have finished our homework. 2)副词 ever 和 never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 e.g. Have you ever been to
17、the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗?3)用 just 表示到说话时为止的时间状语, e.g. I have just seen her, but I dont know where she is now .注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有 already 或 just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的 already 或 just 去掉，在句末加上 yet. e.g. I have done my homework already.I havent done my homework yet.四、A、语篇复习 任务一：完成课文概要(尽量不看书 )。Mr. Chen lives i
18、n the n_part of Sunshine Town. After he got m_, he and his wife m_ two blocks away. In the past there were small r_, shops years ago in the town. Now the place has c_ a lot. The government has t_part of town centre into a new park. The p_was a problem. The steel factory put the w_ into the river. La
19、ter, the government r_the problem and took action to improve the situation. People used to play c_ and Chinese c_ with Mr. Chen, but they do not often see each other. Mr. Chen feels l_ from time to time.B、书面表达请以“The changes in My Hometown”为题写一篇短文。要求：1. 词数 100 个左右；2. 条理清晰,语义连贯，句式规范，字迹工整。我的家乡泰州位于江苏中部。
20、它以前空气新鲜。这些年，随着城市的发展，它已经变成了一个现代化的城市和有名的旅游胜地。人们可以坐公交、火车或飞机进出泰州。泰州每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客。许多人搬进了新公寓。然而，污染变得严重了，政府已认识到保护环境的重要性，采取措施减轻污染。我希望我们过上更加美好的生活。The changes in my hometownTaizhou, my hometown , is in the centre / middle of Jiangsu . In the past , the air was fresh .With the development of the city , it h
21、as become a modern city and a tourist attraction over the years . People can go to and from city by bus , train or plane .Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit our city. Many people have moved into new flats. However , the pollution has become/ is becoming more seriou
22、s. Now the government has realized the importance of protecting the environment and take action to reduce the pollution . I hope we will have/live a better life.五、重点词组 1 在碗里 in the bowl2 一小时前 an hour ago3 饥饿 be hungry4 过去经常做某事 used to do sth.5 与某人分享某物 share sth with sb6 步行去某地 go to sp. on foot / wal
23、k to sp7 骑车去某地 ride a bike to sp / go to sp by bike8 乘车去某地 take a bus to sp / go to sp by bus9 开车去某地 drive a car to sp / go to sp by car10 飞往某地 fly to sp / go to sp by air/plane11 周游城市 go around the city12 太多的人 too many people13 等待某人 wait for sb.14 去其它城市 go to other cities15 很了解某事 know sth very well
24、16 搬走/搬家 move away/move house17 在镇北边 in the northern part of town18 与某人结婚 get/be married to19 搬开两个街区 move two blocks away20 改变很多 change a lot21 在镇中心 in the town centre 22 把变成 turninto23 把废物排进河里 put the waste into the river24 采取措施改善这种情况 take action to improve the situation25 更加干净得多 much cleaner26 在某些
25、方面 in some ways27 我们中的大多数人 most of us28 他们中的许多人 many of them29 看见彼此 see each other30 打牌 play cards31 下象棋 play Chinese chess32 感到有点儿寂寞 feel a bit lonely33 有时 sometimes / at times / from time to time34 令人惊讶的改变 the amazing changes35 使某事更好 make sth better36 由制成 be made by37 因为孤独 because of being alone38
26、 一群建筑物 a group of buildings39 关于知道很少 know little about40 搬离某地 move away from sp41 发生 happen / take place42 在某人的一生中 all ones life43 在过去 in the past44 在最近几年里 in/during/over the past / last few years45 在过去的几年里 over the (past / last) years46 许多次 many times47 到达（不及物）家/这儿 /那儿 arrive/reach/get home/here/th
27、ere48 到达某地（及物） arrive in/at / get to / reach sp.49 教我们很多关于 teach us a lot about50 中国的历史 the history of China51 计划做某事 plan to do sth52 生活条件 living conditions53 向某人借某物 borrow sth from sb54 旅游进出小镇 travel to and from the town55 从美国归来 return/come back from the USA56 出国 go abroad57 在小学 at primary school58
28、 与某人保持联系 keep in touch with59 通过电子邮件交流 communicate by email60 使交际更加容易 make communication much easier61 中国的首都 the capital of China62 一个娱乐的好地方 a good place to have fun63 流经镇中心 run through the centre of town64 感到不开心 feel unhappy65 习惯于(做)某事 be / get used to (doing) sth66 单独 alone / by oneself / on ones own67 在（做）某事上花时间 spend some time on / (in) doing sth.68 在路的两边 on both sides of the road69 享受舒适的生活 enjoy a comfortable life70 自从三年前以来 since three years ago
