1、 1 贵州天柱县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解选习题（二） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children， a new survey showed last Tuesday. The survey，published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $3 million or more in assets.It found that “sur
2、prisingly few of those surveyed have welldeveloped plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children” The majority of the 457 people surveyed are selfmade，firstgeneration rich.Fifty two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have
3、 given away nothing about the family wealth.One in three parents said they had never thought to do it. They are worried that their children would become lazy，spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers. Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be
4、able to handle any inheritance(遗产)they plan to leave them. “There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，”said Sallie Krawcheck，president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America.“Our
5、research， however，uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.” The trend is led by the worlds richest man Bill Gates，who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife，the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(基金会)，and not to hi
6、s children. “We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，”he said. Of his plans for his children，Gates said：“I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage.they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.” 【语篇解读】 调查表明，大
7、部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后 代。 1We can learn from the passage that _. Arich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance Brich parents dont equal rich kids，at least in the US CAmerican children dont get to inherit their parents wealth 2 Dpoor children dont expect themselves to be as rich as
8、 their parents 解析 推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的 孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。 答案 B 2According to the survey，most rich Americans _. Athink they owe their children nothing Bthink it best to give their money back to society Cdoubt their childrens ability to handle wealth D. are confi
9、dent of their childrens ability to handle wealth 解析 推理判断题。 根据第四段内容可推知， 大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。 答案 C 3The underlined word“they”in Paragraph 6 refers to _. Aresponsible children BBill Gates and his wife Cfirstgeneration rich Drich parents 解析 词义猜测题。富裕的父母们希望把他们的财富传给 下一代，此处they 指代的是画线 词前面的“the wealthy par
10、ents”，即“rich parents”。 答案 D 4From the last paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show _. Athe trend of leaving no inheritance to children Bthe positive impact of charity on society Cthe way of giving back to society Dthe importance of independence for children 解析 推理判断题。根据本段中比尔盖茨所说的话可推知，他更强调孩
11、子的个人奋斗，认为 培养孩子的自立很重要。 答案 D。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 【广东省2012 届高三考前冲刺卷(五)】 A Boys need friends，suffer when they dont believe they have any，and worry over 3 the ups and downs of relationships.Many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do，in truth，though，no boy is an
12、 island；boys value their friends throughout childhood and adolescence and are happier and healthier when they have solid relationships with peers. Despite the common belief that girls are better at relationships，most boys consider their friends a very important part of their lives，and boys may actua
13、lly be better at keeping friendships than girls are.A recent study of 10to15yearold boys and girls found that girlsfriendships are actually more fragile.Girls tend to say and do hurtful things to each other more frequently than boys，and girls are more hurt by the end of a friendship. Boys are the li
14、ving definition of the phrase “peer group ”； they love games with rules，competition，and doing things together.Boys seem to enjoy，even need the opportunity to test themselves against others，and many lasting friendships begin in karate (空手道) class or on the basketball court.Competence and skill are wi
15、dely respected；being picked last for a team or left out altogether is an experience that can haunt (萦绕心头) a boy for years. As boys mature，the friendship becomes even more important，and it frequently widens to include girls.During the teen years，friends can become the most important part of a boys li
16、feand a part in which his parents are not included.The confusion of being a teenager leads boys to form close bonds with friends.There is the sense for many boys that a friend is someone who is “always there for me”， someone he can trust.They may be partners in crime or partners in study，but the fri
17、endship of adolescent boys can run surprisingly deep. 26The common belief of adults is that boys _. Adont care about others as much as girls Bdont value friendships as much as girls Chave the same friendship as girls Dhave healthier friendship than girls 27According to the passage，_. Aboys usually b
18、uild friendships by playing competitive games 4 Bboys like to have small groups of friends Cboysfriendships seldom result in anyone being hurt Dboysfriendships can hardly end in failure 28The author mentions the study in Para.2 to prove _. Agirls value relationships more than boys Bmost boys conside
19、r their friends very important Cboys may be better at keeping friendships than girls Dboys may be more active in a friendship 29As a boy gets older，he tends to _. Awiden his circle of friends to include his parents Bshift his focus from his friends to himself Cleave his parents out of his friends Db
20、e confused about what a friendship is 30Whats the best title of the passage? AFriendships Between Boys and Girls BBoys and Their Friendship CChildhood and Adolescent Friendship DTips on Making Friends with Boys 26B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do.”可知
21、答案为B。 27A 推理判断题。根据第三段“Boys seem to enjoy，even need the opportunity to test themselves against others，and many lasting friendships begin in karate class or on the basketball court.”可推知答案为A。 28C 推理判断题。该研究显示“girlsfriendships are actually more fragile ”， 并解释了其原因，由此可推知男孩比女孩更注意对友谊的维护。 29C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“a p
22、art in which his parents are not included” 可知答案为C。 30B 主旨大意题。本文说明了男孩怎样重视友谊，并分析了男孩间的友谊，因此 B为正 确答案。 5 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 【2013届广东省六校第二次联考】 The flag, the most common symbol of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the
23、 traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country. The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive artifact. It is, rather, the product of thousands of years development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which
24、the earlier served to show wind direction. Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. Peoples food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they stil
25、l needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another. Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlie
26、r methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connection of the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems (图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be
27、 added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves. These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked. The king of China around 1000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practi
28、ce might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag. 41. The best title for the passage would be “_”. A. D
29、evelopment of the National Flag B. Power of the National Flag 6 C. Types of Flags D. Uses of Flags 【答案】A 【解析】标题归纳题。 “It is, rather, the product of thousands of years development.”说明国旗是几千年发展的产物。而且整片文章从旗帜最初用于表示风向，一 直讲到它演变为现代的旗帜。所以本文说的是国旗的发展。故选A。 42. The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 mean
30、s _. A. impossible to make sure of B. likely to be protected C. easy to be damaged D. difficult to find 【答案】C 【解析】词义猜测题。本段第一句“Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats.” 说早期人类使用非常易坏的的房屋和船只。 而本句 “Peoples food supplies were similarly vulnerable.” 中“similarly”意为“同样地” ，所以“vulnerable”也表示“易 损坏
31、” 。故选C。 43. The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because _. A. they could tell direction B. they could bring good luck to ancient fighters C. they were handed down by the ancestors D. they were believed to stand for natural forces 【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。本段第一句“Using a simple piece of cloth
32、tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods,” “用一块布系到标杆顶部来判断风向比早期的办法更可靠。 ”因此，最早的旗 帜与天的力量有关。故选D。 44. What does the author know of the first national flag? A. He knows when it was sent to Europe. B. He believes it was made in Egypt. C. He thinks
33、 it came from China. D. He doubts where it started. 【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。最后一段“The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was 7 unmarked.。 ” 说明第一个国家的旗帜未被标明， 所以作者不知道第一面国旗是从哪儿诞生的。 45. What will the author most probably talk about next? A. The role of China in the spread of the national flag. B. The second
34、ancestor of the national flag. C. The use of modern flags in Europe. D. The importance of modern flags. 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。结尾处“This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then across Arab lands, and
35、 finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.”说明中国国王树立旗帜的做法遍及到了贸易 行路，通过印度，穿过阿拉伯大陆，最终到达欧洲。在那与另一个国旗的原型结合。所以， 接下来最可能讨论的是过国旗的第二个始祖。故选B。 【广东省2012 届高三考前冲刺卷(五)】 B Children start out as natural scientists，eager to look into the world around them.Helping them enjoy science
36、 can be easy；theres no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.You only have to share your children s curiosity.Firstly，listen to their questions.I once visited a classroom of seven yearolds to talk about science as a job.The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooli
37、ng，salary and whether I liked my job.When I finished answering，we sat facing one another in silence.Finally I said ，“ Now that were finished with your lists，do you have questions of your own about science？” After a long pause，a boy raised his hand ，“ Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱 蜢)eat? When I
38、try eating leaves like that，I get a stomachache.Why？” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours. Secondly，give them time to think.Studies over the past 30 years have shown that， after asking a question，adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer， no time for a child
39、to think.When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds 8 or more，children give more logical，complete and creative answers. Thirdly，watch your language.Once you have a child involved in a science discussion， dont jump in with “Thats right” or “Very good ” These words work well when it comes
40、 to encouraging good behavior.But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over.Instead，keep things going by saying “That s interesting” or “Id never thought of it in that way before ”， or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never push a child to “think” It doesnt make
41、 sense.Children are always thinking， without your telling them to.Whats more，this can turn a conversation into a performance.The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement. Lastly，show；dont tell.Reallife impression
42、s of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and theyll understand why you want them to wash before dinner.Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸 发)，put a pot of wa
43、ter to boil and let them watch the water level drop. 31According to the passage，children are natural scientists，and to raise their interest，the most important thing for adults to do is _. Ato let them see the world around Bto share the childrens curiosity Cto explain difficult phrases about science
44、Dto supply the children with lab equipment 32In the last sentence of the first paragraph，the word “lists” could best be replaced by _. Aany questions Bany problems Cquestions from textbooks Dany number of questions 33According to the passage，children can answer questions in a more logical， complete
45、and creative way if adults _. 9 Aask them to answer quickly Bwait for one or two seconds after a question Ctell them to answer the next day Dwait at least for three seconds after a question 34In which of the following paragraph(s)does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science
46、 discussion? AThe second and third. BThe fourth and fifth. CThe fifth and sixth. DThe seventh. 35The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their childrens curiosity EXCEPT that adults should _. Atell their children stories instead of reciting facts Boffer their chi
47、ldren chances to see things for themselves Cbe patient enough when their children answer questions Dencourage their children to ask questions of their own 31 B 细节理解题。 根据文章第一段第三句中的 “.share your children s curiosity(好 奇) ”可推知此题的答案为 B 项。 32C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第六句“The children asked me textbook questions. ”可推知此题的答案为 C 项。 33D 推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句 “When adults increase their wait time to three seconds or more，children give more logical(符合逻辑的)，complete and creative answers.”可推知此题的答案为 D 项。 34C 归纳概括题。根据问题的内容可在文章的第五、六段找到答案。 35A 推理判断题。根据文章内容：从第四段排除 C项；从文章前三段的内容排除 D项； 从第七段排除B项。从而可推知答案为 A项。
