1、必修四 Unit 1 Women of achievement,单元话题巾帼英雄,根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词 1. _ (n.) 一代；一辈 2. _ (n.) 项目；工程 3. _ (n.) 学会；学院 4. _ (n.) 巢；窝 5. _ (n.) 童年；幼年时代 6. _ (n.) 听众；观众；读者 7. _ (n.) 突发事件 8. _ (n.) 福利；福利事业 9. _ (vt.) 鼓舞；激发；启示 10. _ (adj.) 直言的,答案：1.generation 2.project 3.institute 4.nest 5childhood 6.audience 7.emerg
2、ency 8.welfare 9inspire 10.outspoken,11. _ (adj.) 值得的 12. _ (n. & vt.)支持；拥护 13. _ (n.) 人群；观众(vt.)挤满 14. _ (n.) 组织 15. _ (n.) 荫(vt.) 遮住光线,答案： 11.worthwhile 12.support 13.crowd 14.organization 15.shade,.单词派生 写出下列单词及其派生词 1. _ (n.) 成就；功绩_ (vt.) 完成；达到 2. _ (vt.& vi.) 举动；(举止或行为)表现_ (n.) 行为；举止；习性 3. _ (vt.
3、) 观察；观测；遵守_ (n.) 观察；观测 4. _ (vt.&n.) 尊敬；尊重；敬意_ (adj.) 体面的；值得尊敬的_ (adj.) 尊敬的 5. _ (vt.&vi.) 讨论；辩论；争论_ (n.) 争论；争辩；争吵,答案：1.achievement；achieve 2.behave；behaviour 3observe；observation 4.respect；respectable；respectful 5argue；argument,6. _ (vt.) 鼓舞；激发；启示_ (adj.) 受鼓舞的；被激励的_ (adj.) 鼓舞人的 7. _ (v.) 考虑；认为_ (ad
4、j.) 考虑周到的；体贴的_ (adj.) 相当大/多的_ (n.) 考虑；体谅,答案： 6.inspire；inspired；inspiring 7consider；considerate；considerable；consideration,.活学活用 用句末所给单词的适当形式填空。 1He has never shown much _ for his wifes needs.However，a husband should be _ of his wife.(consider) 2The workers _ for the right to strike and finally they
5、 agreed without much further _.(argue) 3Ive _ only half of what Id hope to do，so I can not celebrate the _ of my aims.(achieve) 4The speech was really _.It _ all the students to study hard for the country.(inspire) 5All of you should _ the experiment carefully and then I will ask you some questions
6、to test your _.The most careful _ will win a prize.(observe),答案：1.consideration；considerate 2.argued；argument 3.achieved；achievement 4.inspiring；inspired 5observe；observation；observer,.词缀归纳 considerate是以ate结尾的形容词。这样的词比较少。但也应当注意。例如： passionate热烈的，激昂的 compassionate有同情心的 considerable是consider加上后缀able变成
7、的形容词。动词后面加able，如果此动词是以不发音的“e”结尾的应去掉“e”再加able。例如：_ 付得起的_ 可爱的,答案：affordable lovable,.短语翻译 1. _ 献身于；专心于 2. _ 离开；起程；出发 3. _ 过着的生活 4. _ (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海 5. _ 蔑视；瞧不起 6. _ 谈到；查阅；参考 7. _ 碰巧；凑巧 8. _ (偶然)遇见；碰见 9. _ 专为而设计；专供而用 10. _ 继续；坚持,答案：1.devote.to 2.move off 3.lead alife 4crowd in 5.look down upon/on 6.
8、refer to 7by chance/accident e across 9.be intended for 10.carry on,.选词填空 用上述短语的适当形式完成句子。 1The other day，I _ a friend of mine in the shop by chance. 2He _ his uncle in our conversation. 3He said he decided to _ to his grandpas home next month. 4. _ working while Im away. 5I hope you dont _ this kind
9、 of work.,答案：1.came across 2.referred to 3.move off 4.Carry on 5.look down upon,根据课文内容，选择适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空并说明理由。Nobody before Jane fully understood chimps behavior.She spent years observing and 1._(record)their daily activities.2._ her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own envir
10、onment.However，this was not easy.When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960，it was 3._(usual)for a woman 4._(live)in the forest.Only 5._ her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.Her work changed the way people think about chimps.,答案：1.recording 同observin
11、g并列，用同一形式。 2Since 表示“从起”用介词since。 3unusual 一个女人独自住在森林里，这是“不寻常的”。 4to live 是for sb.to do sth.结构。 5after 引导时间状语从句，表示“在之后”。,6._ example，one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat.Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.She actually observed chimps as 7._
12、 group hunting a monkey and then eating 8._. She also discovered 9._ chimps communicate with each other，and 10._ study of their body language helped her work out their social system.,答案： 6For for example(例如)是固定搭配。 7a 表示“一群”。 8it 指代前面的monkey。 9how 引导宾语从句，指chimps相互之间是“如何”交流的。 10her 物主代词作定语。,1observe v
13、t.观察；观测；遵守；庆祝,(2)在被动结构中observe sb.do sth.应为“sb.be observed to do sth.”,第一板块 词汇精讲,英文典例 Howling is a behaviour commonly _ among a wolf pack. 狼嚎是观察狼群常见到的一种行为。 (2013陕西高考)Fishkeeping is a widespread hobby and the keeper can _ their behavior in the glass tank and study its entire life cycle. 养鱼是一种很流行的爱好，养
14、鱼的人可以观察它们在鱼缸中的行为并研究它的生活链。 His neighbours _ a stranger _ into his house. 他的邻居看到一个陌生人进入他家。,答案：observed observe observed；go,2respect v/n.尊敬,归纳拓展 respect sb. for sth.因某事而尊重某人 show/have respect for.尊重 give/send ones respects to sb.向某人问候 out of respect for sb.出于对某人的尊敬 in respect ofwith respect to就而言；关于；至于
15、 in this respect/in some respects在这方面/在某些方面,英文典例 (2013浙江高考)The secret to education lies in _ the pupil. 教育的秘密就在于对学生的尊重。 _ age, I am his senior. 论年纪，我比他大。 Children should _ old people. 孩子们应当尊敬老人。 We must have a talk _ that point. 我们必须进行关于那一问题的商谈。,答案：respecting In respect of show respect for with resp
16、ect to 【温馨提醒】 respect作名词，意为“尊敬，敬重”时，为不可数名词，多与for连用；表示“细节，方面”时，为可数名词；表示“敬意，问候”时，多用复数形式。,3argue vi. & vt.争论；辩论；说服；用辩论证明,归纳拓展,英文典例 I dont want to _ you just do it! 我不想和你争辩请干吧！ Its no use _ him for he wont change his mind. 关于这个问题和他争论是没有用的，他不会改变主意。 Do you want to _ me _ to your proposal？你想说服我同意你的提议吗？,答案：
17、argue with arguing about the question with argue；into agreeing,4inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；引发；赋予灵感；激发,归纳拓展 inspire sb. to do sth.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 inspire sth. in sb.inspire sb. with sth.使某人产生；鼓励某人 派生：inspiration n灵感；启发；鼓舞人的事或人inspired adj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；激励的,英文典例 (2013重庆高考)This id
18、ea has _ the awardwinning photographer. 这种想法鼓舞着那个获奖的摄影师。 The beautiful scenery _ the composer. 美丽的景色使作曲家文思泉涌。 The father _ his son _ confidence. The father _ confidence _ his son. 这位父亲鼓励儿子要自信。,答案：inspired inspired inspired；with；inspired；in,5intend vt.计划；打算,归纳拓展 intend to do/doing打算 intend sb. to do
19、sth.打算让某人做某事 be intended to do sth./for sth.专供使用，专为而设计 had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth.本来打算做某事,英文典例 _ you to take over my career. 我打算让你接管我的事业。 Today, I _ reading this novel. 今天我打算读完这本小说。 (2013江西高考)When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches t
20、he people _ whom it is _. 当给予国际援助时，必须采取措施保证这种援助能给予那些应给予的人。,答案：I intend intended to finish for；intended,6deliver vt.接生(小孩)；递送；发表(演说),归纳拓展 deliver sth.(to sb.)投递/传送某物(给某人) deliver a speech发表演说 deliver sb./sth.(over) to sb.把移交给某人 be delivered of a childgive birth to a child生孩子,英文典例 He instructed me to
21、_ it _ a customer. 他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。 She was safely _ a beautiful child. 她顺利地生下了一个漂亮的婴儿。,答案：deliver；to delivered of,7refer to提到，说到；参考，参阅；指的是,归纳拓展 refer.to.把提交给 refer to.as.把当作 in/with reference to关于 without reference to与无关；不管,英文典例 Your notes are excellent materials to _ when you are studying for a test.
22、 你的笔记是很好的复习考试的参考资料。 You should _ this matter _ our teacher for a decision. 你应该把这件事交给我们的老师做决定。 The children always _ their father as God. 孩子们总是把父亲看作上帝。,答案：refer to refer；to refer to 【温馨提醒】 refer to和consult后直接跟书籍、词典等名词，而look up(查阅)后面跟所要查找的词作宾语。,8look down upon/on看不起,归纳拓展 look up to(反义词)敬仰；尊重 look into
23、调查；了解 look up查阅；抬头看；好转 look on旁观 look through浏览；检查,英文典例 They all _ him as their leader. 他们都尊他为他们的领袖。 The Government set up a working party to _ the problem. 政府成立了工作组调查那个问题。 _ exercises before handing them in. 把练习检查一遍再交。 We can _ the word in the dictionary. 我们可以在字典里查这个字。,答案：look up to look into Look
24、through look up,9come across (偶然)遇见；碰见,归纳拓展 come about发生 come on快点；赶上 come to共计；达到；到达 come out出来；出版 come up(问题、计划等)被提出；上升 come up with提出 come true实现 How come？怎么会？,英文典例 We _ an old man lying on the road. 我们碰到一位老人躺在马路上。 When is her new novel _ ? 她的新小说何时出版？ The question is bound to _ at the meeting. 这个
25、问题一定会在会上提出。 Have they _ any agreement? 他们达成协议了吗？,答案：came across coming out come up come to 点津： (1)表示“偶然遇到”的短语还有： run into, happen to meet，meet by chance/by accident，meet with等。 (2)短语come about, come up，come out，come true均无被动语态。,10carry on继续；坚持,归纳拓展 (1)carry on 继续做某事(相当于go on with) (2)carry away带走；拿走
26、；使着迷 carry out实行；执行；完成 carry through使渡过难关；达成；贯彻 carry back将送回 carry off运走；带走；获得(奖项)；成功地对付；不费劲地处理,英文典例 She was considering how she should _ the situation. 她正想着怎样对付这种局面。 No matter what we do, we must _ our duties. 无论干什么工作，我们都应履行自己的职责。 Lets _ with the task. 让我们坚持完成任务。,答案：carry off carry out carry throu
27、gh,1Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。 知识提炼 现在进行时表示将来常有的意图、安排或打算等，用进行时表示一种期待感。 句式仿写 女士们、先生们，请系好安全带。飞机马上就要起飞了。 Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.,答案：is taking off,第二板块 句型巧析,2. Watching
28、a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.我们当天的首项任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。 知识提炼 watching a family of chimps wake up是动名词短语在句中作主语。动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。 句式仿写 学会驾驶很有必要。_ is quite necessary.,答案：Learning to drive,3. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed
29、 to begin her project. 她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。 知识提炼 only状语倒装句式。 句式仿写 直到那时她才意识到他所承受的压力。_ the stress he was under.,答案：Only then did she realize,4. Once I stop , it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。 知识提炼 once I stop是once引导的时间状语从句。 句式仿写
30、 一旦开始，你就很难停止。_ , youll find it hard to stop.,答案：Once you start,5. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? 为什么不像林巧稚那样去医学院学习然后继续她的有益的事业呢？ 知识提炼 Why (not) do sth.？为什么不做某事呢？ 句式仿写 为什么不问问他呢？_ ?,答案：Why not ask him?,1Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees whi
31、le the family begins to wake up and move off.(教材P2)当猩猩们睡醒准备离开的时候，大家坐在树阴下等着。,句法分析 此句中while意为“在期间；当的时候”，指一段时间，不能用来表时间点。while的其它用法： 表示“虽然；尽管”，相当于though或although引导的让步状语从句，多放于句首。 表示“而；然而”，强调转折。,英文典例 They arrived _. 他们来的时候，我们正在吃饭。 The earth travels around the sun _. 地球绕着太阳转而月亮绕着地球转。 _ , I do not know them
32、 well. 尽管他们是我的邻居，我对他们了解得并不多。,答案：while we were having dinner while the moon circles the earth While they are my neighbours,2. Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. (教材P2)我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。,句法分析 once conj.“一就；一旦就”，常用现在时来表示将要发生的动作。,英文典例 _ , ther
33、e will be no going back. 我一经决定，不再回头。 _ , a deal will be quickly concluded.价格一经商定，交易很快就达成了。 _， it is hard to give it up. 一旦开始，很难放弃。,答案：Once I make a decision Once the price has been agreed Once begun 【温馨提醒】 once引导状语从句的省略 如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be.”形式时，从句中的“主语be”或“it be”可
34、以省略。,(一)用本单元所学词汇、句式及语法翻译下列句子 1宋庆龄是一位备受爱戴和尊敬的女性。(respect) _ 2她谦虚、坦诚。(modest；outspoken) _ 3她是一位考虑周到的女性。(considerate) _ 4她年轻时为争取中国人民的自由积极参加各种运动。(campaign) _,答案：1. Song Qingling was a much beloved and highly respected woman. 2. She was modest and outspoken. 3. She was a considerate woman. 4. When (she w
35、as) young, she took part in many campaigns to fight for the freedom of the Chinese people.,5那时妇女受到歧视。(look down on) _ 6中华人民共和国成立后，她完全投身于新中国的发展事业。(devote.to) _ 7她创办杂志今日中国，鼓励青年一代做出更大努力。(inspire；generation) _ 8另外，她关注社会福利事业。(besides；concern) _,答案： 5. Women were often looked down on at that time. 6. Afte
36、r the foundation of the PRC, she was completely devoted to the development of New China. 7. She set up the magazine China Today and inspired younger generations to make greater efforts. 8Besides, she concerned herself with welfare projects.,(二)通过合并句子或用适当的连词将上述句子连成一篇短文 _ _ _,【参考范文】Song Qingling, one
37、of the top leaders in modern Chinese history, was a much beloved and highly respected woman. Born in 1893 in Shanghai，she was a modest, outspoken and considerate woman. When she was young, she took part in many campaigns to fight for the freedom of the Chinese people, though women were often looked down on at that time. After the foundation of the PRC, she was completely devoted to the development of New China and set up the magazine China Today and inspired younger generations to make greater efforts. Besides, she concerned herself with welfare projects.,点击进入word版能力运用提升,
