1、中考英语语法复习课件,名词,名词的种类,专有名词：,普通名词：,可数：,不可数：,个体名词：nurse, house, horse, apple, pen,集体名词：people, family, class, trousers,物质名词： water, paper, air, milk,抽象名词： work, housework, homework, information, news, weather,名词的可数与不可数,1、物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，为不可数名词。 不可数名词前不能加冠词a 或an来表示量， 也没有复数形式。要表示“一个（只，块，张。）”的概念，须加 a pi
2、ece of , a bowl of , a drop of 等。表示“一些，许多” 可用：some, any, a little, little, a lot of ,lots of , much, 等 2、集体名词象people, police,trousers, scissors只有复数形式。Family, class等指个体成员时为，指整体时为 3、有的名词在表示某一词义时是可数名词，而表示另一词义时又是不可数名词。 Glass, chicken, paper, exercise, orange,名词的数,、单数：_egg, _green desk, _orange, _yellow
3、orange, _interesting film, _ eight-year-old boy 、复数：词尾加 s 或 es,复数的构成,规则：bus, box; tomato, potato; radio, photo,piano; match, watch; wish, brush; baby,factory,party; monkey , day; life,thief, knife;,不规则：man, woman, child, foot, tooth, mouse, Chinese, Japanese,fish, sheep, deer,复合名词：,Boy friend_, appl
4、e tree_ Man doctor_, woman engineer_,练习,、which of the following words are countable, which are uncountable? Give both the single forms and plural forms,Work, music, milk, homework,chalk, child, stamp, watch, match, housework, life, knife, man, policeman, news, paper, tomato, tooth, sheep, coffee, fa
5、ctory, tea, photo, boy, piano,mouse, photo, month, vegetable, newspaper, people, message, information, wolf, wife,2. Put the following into English,两张纸，一个姑娘的名字， 汤姆叔叔是我爸爸的一位朋友， 二十分钟的走路路程，这家医院有名女医生和男医生，这是Sue 和Susan共有的房间,3. choice,1). During the _trip, the children learnt a lotA. ten-days B. ten days C
6、. ten day D. ten days,2. I dont know whose motorbike it is. It might be my _. A. neighbors B. neighbours C. neighbour D. neighbours 3._it is ! A. What a fine weather B. What fine weather C. How fine weather D. How fine a weather 4. _ are watching TV now. A. Mr. Green B. The Green C. The Greens D. Mr
7、s. Green 5. Do you have _ time to take some exercise? A. some B. many C. any D. a few 6. Sam is _. But he is studying in China. A. England B. Englishman C. an English D. English 7. I am very thirty. Would you please bring me some_? A. rices B. cakes C. orange D. a piece of bread 8. He doesnt know _
8、English because he has studied it for only _ weeks. A. much, a few B. little, few C. few, a little D. a few, a little,9. I asked her for _water, but she didnt have _. A. any, some B. any, any C. some, some D. some, any 10. I cant play because I have _work to do and _ books to read. many, many B. man
9、y, much C. much, many D. much, much 11. He was so thirsty that he drank _. A. two glass of water B. two glasses of waters C. two glasses of water D. two glass water 12. The shop doesnt sell _. A. a watch B. watches C. watch D. watchs 13. My father bought two_yesterday. A. box of apple B. boxes of ap
10、ples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple 14. There are twelve _in a year. A. month B. monthes C. months D. the month 15. There are a lot of _down there but hardly any _. A. sheeps, people B. sheep, people C. sheeps, peoples D. sheep, peoples,16. There _sheep in the field. A. are much B. is small C. i
11、s a few D. is a little 17. We walk with our _. A. foot B. foots C. feet D. a foot 18. It is not my dictionary. Its _. A. Ann B. Anns sister C. Ann sisters D. Anns sisters 19. Mr. Li is a friend of _.A. Johns uncle B. John uncles C. Johns uncles D. John uncle 20. _desk is the cleanest in the classroo
12、m. A. Anns and Tom B. Ann and Toms C. Ann and Tom D. Anns and Toms 21. There are four chairs in my room, one in each_A. side B. floor C. wall D. corner 22. Would you like fruit? -Yes, _is my favourite. A. tomato B. beef C. bread D.The pear,代 词,I we,Me us,My our,Mine ours,yours,you,your,you,She he it
13、 they,Her him it them,Her his its their,Hers his its theirs,Give an example of each prons,人称代词使用时应注意,1。 分清its和its : its 它的。 例如: The clock has its face.its=it is 例如：Its a toy clock.,2. 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词，名词是单数，名词性物主代词为单数，反之为复数。例如： His brother is a soldier. Mine is a driver and hers is an engineer. I
14、 left my clothes on the chair. Where _his?a friend of his/mine/yours= one of hisfriends,3. A friend of his /mine=one of his /my friends; the watch of hers,4. 冠词不能和形容词性物主代词一起用例如：a my cat(wrong),5. This/that +single noun; these/those + plural noun. 6. In the dialogue, it can be used to refer to (this/
15、that), they refer to (these /those) 7. That 可用来代替前面提到过的单数名词或不可数名词，those代替复数名词例如：The weather today is finer than that yesterday.The radios made in Beijing are as good as those made in Shanghai.,8.反身代词：A、能写出 B、注意搭配 例如：,Say to oneself enjoy oneself By oneself For oneself Help oneself Teach oneself,Lily
16、 saw her in the mirror. Lily saw herself in the mirror.,It 的用法,1、用以指前文提到的物，有时也可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人 例如：,Where is your book? It is over there.,The baby is crying. It may be hungry,Who is knocking at the door? It must be Li Lei.,2. It 也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等,It is rainy today. It will turn out fine tomorrow,What
17、is the time? It is nine.,It is ten minutes walk from here,3、作形式主语或形式宾语，没有意义,It takes me ten minutes to walk from there. I found it very hard to learn grammar.,It /that /one 用以指前文提到过的单数名词 them/those/ones用以指前文提到过的复数名词,思考,1.The bag is in the middle of the road. Lets move _away. 2. If you need an eraser
18、, I can lend you _. 3. If you need the eraser, I can lend _to you. 4. I have a new coat and some old _. 5. The story of my father is more interesting than _of mine. 6. The weather here is warmer than _in Beijing. 7. The temperature in the daytime is half of _at night. 7.The exercises in this paper a
19、re much easier than _ in the mid-term paper. 8. My radio is broken. I will buy a new _.,结论,1、that, those 后常跟介词短语（that/those +介词短语）前文是不可数名词时只能用that 替代2、one/ones 前常有形容词、冠词、数量词、等修饰。3、it 指前文提到的那个名词, some/any/no,My brother doesnt need _help. If you have got _questions, please put up your hands. Would you
20、 like to have_bananas? Yes, Id like to. There isnt _water here.could you get _for me? I asked her for _paper, but she didnt have _ You can come at _time., some, any与 thing, body, one 构成的合成词的用法与some,any 一样, a little /little; a few/few,Though it was late last night. I could still see _persons in the s
21、treet. People are all getting together at a big dinner with their families at the new years eve, so you could see _persons walking in the street. Can you speak German? Yes, but only _. The lake is far away. _people like to go fishing there. There is _rain this summer. The trees are going to die. Sor
22、ry, I cant answer your question. I know _about the news. Dont hurry. We still have _time left. The old man has _friends. So he feels very lonely. He wanted to borrow some money from me, but I had _., other/ another,必背: Each other, (两者) 互相one another,（三者或以上）相互one after another, 一个接一个from one to anoth
23、er, 从一个到另一个the other day 不久前的某一天（用于过去时）,Another 另一个，泛指众多中的一个，another+单数名词,“再，又”：Another+数词+名词复数；相当于：数词+more+名词复数,1、some/any/many+other+ 2. The other: 两个中另一个 3.The others：(= the other+plural noun) 4.others: some.others,1.Jimmy is taller than _ _ boy in his class. 2. This cap is too small. Could you s
24、how me _? 3. Jimmy and Carter are back in the classroom now. where are _? 4. On Sundays some students are watching TV, _are going to the clubs. 5.there are only two books left.but I dont like this one. Will you show me _?,不定代词,Both, all Neither, none,no one Each, every, either,any,一、Both （两者）都all （
25、三者或以上）都,1、 All the (my) students are very bright.All of the (my) students are very bright.(all of them)The (my)students are all very bright.All are here. (all = all people)All has gone well.(all = everything),2、Both of my parents work in the childrens hospital. (both of them)Both my parents work in
26、the childrens hospital.My parents both work in the childrens hospital.,3. Phrases: all day, all year, not at all, bothand,重点 提示,1、both 表两者都，all 表三者都2、Both+可数名词复数；all+可数名词复数或不可数名词3、both, all +of + 人称代词宾格；of 不能省4、all both 作副词时，位置在主动词后，行为动词前,Exercises: all or both I have two computers and _ cost me mor
27、e than ten thousand yuan.(but instead of but) There are trees and flowers on _ banks of the river.(side?) There are two windows in the room.They _face south. _of the twins are good at English.(if is instead of are) Youd better use _your eyes and your mind when you are reciting the text. _roads lead
28、to the camp. So you can take any one of them.(what about either instead of any one) _the food in the shop has gone bad. He likes _the subjects in the school.,二、neither (两者) 都不 none (三者或以上)都不，no one没人,注意这些词作主语时谓语动词单数和复数,Neither none,The (ones)+可数名词复数 谓语动词用单数或复数 或不可数名词单数谓语动词用单数,1. Mr. Blare has two da
29、ughters. _is a doctor. 2. Lily and Lucy both like singing, but _ of them is good at dancing. 3. -Can you speak Chinese or Japanese?-I can speak _, but I can speak English. 4. The old man has six children, but _ of them would take care of him. 5. His father bought him many English story books but he
30、read _. 6. Who is in the room? _. 7. How much money is there in the box? _. It is empty.,3、each, every, either, any,Each: （两者或以上）每一；可作代词、形容词、副词,1、Each of us has a English-Chinese dictionary.(代词)We each have an English-Chinese dictionary.(副词)Each student has an English-Chinese dictionary.(形容词),2、ever
31、y: （三者或以上）每一的，仅作定语,Every student has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,4. Either: (两者之间) 任何一个 作代词、形容词、副词,There are many trees and flowers on _side of the river. (形容词) -When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow morning? -I dont mind. _is OK.(代词) He cant swim very well, I cant _. （副词）,Either.or
32、/ neither nor.,Neither can I .,5.any: （三者或以上）任何一个，作代词，形容词,复习,Both, all Neither, none, no one Each, every, either,any,复习,1.When shall we meet again next week?-_day is OK. Its no problem with me. 2._of the students in our class want to go to plant trees. 3. -How are your grandparents? -Theyre _fine. T
33、hank you. 4. There are many trees on _side of the street. 5.Both the two boys are new to me. I dont know _of them. 6. -Do you want an apple or a pear? -_, I really dont mind. 7. Which of these two sweaters will you take?-Ill take _. They look nearly the same, and I just need one. 8.Which do you like
34、 better, a cup of milk or a bottle of orange? -_, thanks. Id just like a cup of tea.,9. There are a lot of English books here, and _of them is easy to understand. 10. _of the shoes in the shop were the right size. They were either too big or too small for me.,改错,1.Let each them finish his work. 2. T
35、hey each has got a flower. 3.You can use any of the two bikes. 4.My parents are all working in the field now. 5. Those football fans draw pictures on every side of his face. 6. No one of his pens are broken. 7. Neither Lily and my sister is the first to get there.,-Are the two answers correct? -No,
36、_correct.A. no one is B. both are not C. neither is D. either is not 2. I invited Tom and Lily to dinner, but _of them came. A. neither B. both C. either D. none 3. Have you seen Harry and Tom? -I havent seen _of them.A. neither B. any C. either D. all 4. -Which of the two books will you buy?-I will
37、 buy _. So I can give one of them to my friend Jimmy.A. either B. neither C. all D. both 5. As we were asleep, _of us heard the sound. A. both B. none C. either D. any 6. _of them knew about the plan because it was kept in a secret. A. Both B. none C. either D. any,7. We couldnt eat in KFC because _
38、of us had _money on us. A. all, no B. any, no C. none, any D. no one , any 8. Would you like some eggs? Yes, just_.A. little B. very muchC. two D. few 9. He is rich, but he spends _on food and clothes. A. little B. few C. a little D. much 10. Kate and her sister went to holiday with a cousin of _. A
39、. their B. theirs C. her D. hers 11. Is your computer like Franks and Sues?-No, but its almost the same as_. A. her B. yours C. them D. their 12. The girl told _father that he would not lie to _any more .A. his, him B. her, her C. her, him D. his , her,13. -Is _here? -No, Bob and Tim have asked for
40、leave. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody 14. They were all very tired, but _would stop to take a rest. A. any B. some C. none D. neither 15. I hope there are enough stools for each visitor to have _. A. it B. those C. them D. one 16. -Would you like to have some tea or coffee?-_. Thank y
41、ou. Ive just had enough tea. A. Either B. Neither C. Some D. Both 17. I have _to say about the topic. You can ask somebody else. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 18. _is here. lets start our lesson. A. Everything B. Somebody . C. Nobody D. Everyone,1._ of the two boys works hard. They cant be g
42、ood at their studies. 2. They planted trees on _sides of the street. 3. You can enjoy the different kinds of flowers on _side of the river bank. 4._you or I am wrong. Lets go and ask Mr Wu. 5. He can speak _English nor French. He can speak Japanese. 6. They were all very tired, but _ of them would s
43、top to have a rest. 7. Li Lei and I couldnt eat in a restaurant because _ of us had any money on us.,8. She cant sing，_ (can) he. 9. If you dont go fishing next Sunday，_ will I. 10. _of the twins study in our school. And they are in the same class, too. 11. You may go and borrow books from the libra
44、ry _on Monday or on Friday. 12. _the teachers in our grade love their students and work hard. 13. He reads English _morning from Monday to Friday. 14. -On which day of the week can you take me to the zee, Dad? -_day is possible for me. Ill have a seven-day holiday. 15. There is _oil in the bottle. I
45、t is empty.,形容词,形容词的位置？,1、名词前。例：一本有用的书、我们美丽的学校、十部最佳影片、愤怒的人们,2、名词后。一个装满水的 瓶子、很远的小镇、一棵两百米高的树、,3、不定代词后。有些奇怪的东西、没什么严重的,名词化的形容词,The + (adj): 表一类人或物。作主语时，谓语动词为复数,The rich, the poor, the old, the young, 等,表语性形容词,只作表语、不能作定语置于名词前但可作后置定语。没有比较级的变化。不用 修饰。这样的形容词多以开头：alone,afraid,asleep,awake,able,ill,well等,The b
46、aby is asleep. A sleeping baby. Dont wake up the baby asleep,The old man is alone. A single man. A lonely man.,这些表语性形容词可作状语 The man lives alone in a small house,形容词比较级, 规则变化: 单音节词和双音节词，在词尾加-er构成比较级, -est构成最高级A. tall, highB. nice, fine,C. big, thin, fat, hot, D. easy, busy, E. clever, narrow,few, 不规则
47、变化,Good _ _ bad- _ _ Well- _ _ badly- _ _ill- _ _ Many_ _ Much_ _ old Little_ _ Far_ _,形容词比较等级的用法,、比较级than 2、the +比较级+ of +the +two 两个当中比较的一位 3、the +最高级+ of (in) +三者或以上。 4、as+形容词原级+as 5、not so (as)+原级+as 6、the 比较级，the 比较级：越。就越。 7、比较级+ and + 比较级：越来越。 8、one of the 最高级+名词复数,比较级与最高级之间的转换,1、比较级+than +any other+名词单数 2、比较级+than+the +other(any of the other)+ 名词复数 3、No one + 谓语+比较级+than 4、比较级+than +anyone else,
