1、Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?一、教材简析本单元的语言交际目标是学会谈论“你一直做某事有多长时间了”。围绕这一目标,教材设置了 skating ,collecting shells/ coins/ stamps/ toys 和 kites 等 topics,给师生提供了可以充分练习本单元语言交际项目的素材,使师生可以紧紧围绕现在完成进行时进行操练。在前面的教材中已经学过现在完成时和现在进行时,这有利于学生对比学习新的时态现在完成进行时。学习新课前,学生不仅要了解有关时态的知识,还要储备有关 inline skating, Mar
2、athon, skate, collect stamps/shells-知识,since 时态的学习通过讲练结合的方法;对于习语放在语境中讲释并进行模仿运用。三、单元教学目标:1.Knowing all the new words and expressions of this unit .2.Using the Present Perfect Progressive Tense.3.Using the phrases freely.(教学重难点 2)4.Developing studentsgood habits and hobbies.四、教学重难点:一)现在完成进行时二)重点词组(Key
3、 Phrases )1. 纵列式滑冰马拉松 inline skating marathon2. 一双滑冰鞋 a pair of skates3. 雪花玻璃球 snow globe4. 用尽、缺乏 ran out of5. 告知 let know6. 顺便说一句 by the way7. 对感兴趣 be interested in8. 收集贝壳 collect shells9. 为慈善事业筹款 raise money for charity10. 创建一个俱乐部 start a club11. 对某事表示祝贺 congratulations on doing sth.12. 到目前为止 so f
4、ar13. 在菜单上 on the menu14. 尽全力做 do ones best15. 相配、调和 go together16. 入乡随俗 go native17. A 和 B 的不同之处 differences between A and B18. 在某人的盘子上 on ones plate19. 做某事不礼貌 its not polite to do sth.20. 用特殊的方法 in a special way21. 与某人一同分享 share sth. with sb.五、课时课型安排:新授课 3 课时 Section A 1 课时Section B 1 课时Self check
5、 而现在完成进行时表示动作从过去开始发生一直持续进行(到现在) ,可能仍在进行,也可能停止了一会儿。现在完成时强调的是:i 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,ii过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的动作或状态,可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。注意这三个时态语意上的差异。(2)How long ? 多长时间?(疑问句)e.g.How long have you been waiting? 你已经等了多久?How long will the meeting last? 会议将持续多长时间?7. Students are skating to raise money
6、 for charity. raise vt. 举起rise vi. 起身,升起(太阳、月亮等)raise ones hand 举手,raise ones hat to sb. 向某人举帽致敬,raise a child 养育孩子,raise funds 筹集资金,raise salaries 增加薪水,raise money 筹钱,筹款8. Im talking to you from the Hilltop School Skating Marathon. 我正在 Hilltop 学校的滑冰马拉松为您报道。from 此处指电视直播的发出地点。9. For every hour they s
7、kate, each student raises ten yuan for charity. 每滑一小时,每个学生为慈善机构筹集 10 元钱。every, each 都表“ 每一”,但 every 大家具有的共性,every 还等于 all,表示全体齐全,一个不缺;而 each 强调每个人或事物有着各自互不相同的个性或差异性。此外 every 还可表每隔(一段时间/距离) 。e.g. Every student is here. 学生都到齐了。Every two weeks he goes to visit his friends in the town. Each person has h
8、is own advantages. 每个人都有他的优势(长处) 。Each story has an interesting name. 10. Alison was the first one to start, and has been skating for the whole five hours. Alison 是第一个开始滑的,并且已滑了足足 5 个小时。注:序数词前必须用定冠词 the,后接名词或代词。句中不定式短语“to start”作后置定语,修饰代词 one, one 指代滑冰的人。whole adj. “整个的,完整的 ”,前常加“the”或物主代词。e.g. I wa
9、nt to get to know the whole story. He puts his whole life on education. 11. My mom says I have to stop, because weve run out of room to store them. (1)run out of “用尽,用完”e.g. Weve run out of all the water in the jar. (2)room n.(可数)房间(不可数)空间,地方e.g. Theres no room in the room, so youd better put the bo
10、xes outside. (3)store n. 商店;贮藏:book store 书店 department store 百货商场v. 贮存,收集;store up grain 储备粮食12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. (1)anyone “任何人” , any“任何的” (用于肯定句) 。(2)else“别的,其他的”,形容词/ 副词。else 作形容词时常用作后置定语,即放在疑问代词 who, what, which 或放在不定代词something, anything, nothing, any
11、one, everyone 后面。else 作副词通常放在疑问副词 when, where, how 后面。e.g. Who else has any good ideas? I have something else to tell you. What else do you want? Nothing else. Where else in China have you been to? When else can I meet you? 13. Id like to start a snow globe collectors club.would like to do sth. 想做某事
12、( would 常缩写为d )start v. 开办、创建14. By the way, whats your hobby? by the way 顺便说(提)一下。way 可指“道路”“方法、途经,方式”五.语法知识现在完成进行时的谓语动词构成 I/ we/ you/ they have been working he/ she/ it has been working现在完成进行时的用法 (一)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有 2000 年
13、的造纸历史。 (动作还将继续下去) I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。 (动作还将继续下去) (二)表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了。 (动作不在继续下去) (三)有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。 They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for
14、ten years. 他们在这个城市已经住了 10 年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作两年了。 (四)大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去) 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.(动作已经完成) 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 (五)表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing. 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love 爱,like 喜欢,hate 讨厌等。学优#中(考#,网