1、Chapter 3 Dealing with trouble一. 教学内容：Chapter 3: Dealing with trouble: writing , more practice二. 重点句子：1. Theres a funny smell coming from the kitchen. 从厨房里飘出一股古怪的味道。(1) coming from the kitchen 是一个 v.-ing 短语, 修饰 smell. 当 v.-ing 短语作定语时, 必须放在被修饰词的后面，作后置定语。 v.-ing 作定语时, 表示主动或正在进行。 e. g.： In our class, t
2、here is a girl coming from Canada. 我们班上有一个来自加拿大的女孩。 (表主动：coming 这一动作由 girl 主动发出)There is someone calling you . 有人在叫你。( 表主动，正在进行， calling 由someone 主动且正在发出。 )(2) 表示被动时，常用动词的 ed 形式构成的短语作后置定语。In Taiwan, there is a pop group called S. H. E. 在台湾, 有一个叫 S. H. E. 的流行组合。 (表被动, called 这一动作不是由 group 主动, 而是被别人称为
3、)There is a bomb fixed under the car. 这台车下面装了一颗炸弹。 (表被动, bomb 是被人装在车下的. )2. How much do they charge for making photocopies. 复印它们要收多少钱?句中动词 charge 表示：要价，收费，所用的结构是：charge (sth. )+ 钱数+for sth. 或 for doing sth., 表示：为某人或某事向 (某人 )收钱。 e. g. ： NASA charges 20 million dollars for a private space travel. 一次私人
4、太空旅行美国航天局要收取 2000 万美元的费用。They charged me 100 yuan for fixing the computer. 修这台电脑他们收了我 100块钱。How much would they charge us for such a little thing? 就这么个小玩意儿, 他们会收我们多少钱?3. I went to the park for some exercise, 我到公园去锻炼。went to the park for some exercise 表示：去公园锻炼。其中介词 for 表示目的，后面可接不同的名词，表示不同的目的。e. g. ：W
5、e want to go out for a barbecue in the evening. 晚上我们想去吃烧烤。In the Olympic Games, everyone goes for a gold medal. 在奥运会上，每一个人都努力夺取金牌。句中 exercise 表示：锻炼，作不可数名词, 用作主语时 , 谓语动词用单数形式。e. g.： Exercise is good for your health. 锻炼对你的健康有益。4. tripped on something and fell. 在什么东西上绊了一下，跌倒了。trip 在此处作动词，表示绊，绊倒，常与介词 on
6、, over 搭配。She tripped on the rope and fell. 她被绳子绊了一下，跌倒了。Trip on/ over 也可以表示：在上犯错误，出差错。Student often trip on/ over this difficult question. 学生们经常在这道难题上出错。5. Dont worry . 表示：别担心，用于安慰别人。 Dont worry . You will be OK. 别担心，你会没事的。当表示：别为某人或某事担心时，用 Dont worry about sb. /sth. 的句型. Dont worry about me. Im OK.
7、 别为我担心，我没事。6. Let me take you to the hospital. 我来把你送到医院去。在以 let 开头的祈使句中, 除了常用的 lets. 句型外，let 后面还可以跟其他人称代词或名词，再接一个原形动词，表示：让某人做某事，即 let sb. do sth. e. g.： Let him do it. 让他做这件事吧。Let Jim have a rest. 让吉姆休息一下。take to表示：把某人或某物拿到某处去。e. g.： Please take this boy to the police station. 请把这个男孩带到警察局去。Could you
8、 take the CD to Mary, please? 请把这张 CD 带给玛丽好么?7. He quickly helped me to get into his car and drove to the nearest hospital. 他迅速地帮助我上了车, 向最近的医院开去。表示帮助某人做某事，用 help sb. to do sth. 的结构，其中的动词不定式，可以带 to，也可以不带 to，sb. 可以是名词，也可以是人称代词，当是人称代词时，必须用宾格，do 表示要用动词原形。e. g.： Please help this old man to get on the bus
9、. 请帮助这位老人上公共汽车。Mary helps her mother to do the housework everyday. 玛丽每天帮助母亲做家务。drive to +地点名词，表示：开车送某人去某地。当表示地点的词是副词时，介词 to 不可再用。He will drive you to the airport . 他将开车送你去机场。I want to go shopping at the supermarket. Can you drive me there?我想去超市购物，你可以开车送我去那儿么?8. I looked round but the driver had alre
10、ady left. 我环顾四周, 而那位司机已经离开了。该句中有两个动词 looked 和 left , 分别表示两个过去发生的动作 , 但一个在先, 一个在后 . 后面发生的动作用一般过去时 looked, 先发生的动作用过去完成时 had left. 过去完成时的基本构成为： 主语+had +过去分词I knew he had gone home . 我知道他已经回家了。(had gone 发生在 knew 之前 )He hurried to the airport but the plane had taken off. 他赶到了机场，但是飞机已经起飞了。(had taken off 发
11、生在 hurried 之前)9. feel much better 表示感觉好多了。句中的 feel 作表示感觉的动词，后面要接表示感觉的形容词，常用的有：sorry, happy, sad, tired, thirsty, hungry, hot, cold 等。e. g.： I feel sorry about that . 对此我感到很抱歉。The children feel very happy at the party. 在聚会上，孩子们感觉很开心。Mary feels sad. Her boyfriend is going out for a long time. 玛丽很伤心，她的
12、男朋友要外出很长一段时间。I feel thirsty . I would like a cup of tea. 我觉得口渴，我想喝杯茶。better 是 well 的比较级。在形容词比较级的前面可以用一些副词修饰，加以强调，表示：更得多，这些副词包括：much , even, far, still, a lot 等。Jim is much taller than Tom. 吉姆比汤姆高多了。This picture is far better than that one. 这幅画比那一幅好多了。10. He helped me when I need it most. 在我最需要帮助的时候他
13、帮助了我。when I need it most 表示：在我最需要帮助的时候。其中的代词 it 指代词前的 He helped me. most 是副词 much 的最高级，修饰动词 need, 表示需要的程度。What do you need most? 你最需要什么？She likes ice cream most. 她最喜欢冰淇淋。11. Could someone help me to find him , please?请问有人可以帮我找到他么？could 是 can 的过去式。但 could 在此处并不表示时态，而是表示有礼貌的请求或委婉的提出问题。could 比 can 提出的请
14、求更委婉，更客气。Could you wait for a moment? 请您等我一会好么？Could you come to my birthday party? 您能来参加我的生日宴会么？对这类问题的肯定回答有：sure, certainly, 或 of course. 二. 重点词组：1. at that moment 是一个介词短语，作时间状语，表示：就在那时，相当于just then, 用于一般过去时或过去进行时。I heard a scream at that moment . 就在那时，我听到一声尖叫。注意它与 at the moment 的区别. at the moment
15、表示：此时，目前，用于一般现在时或现在进行时。I have nothing to do at the moment. 现在我无事可干。2. lie in bed 表示：人躺在床上, 卧床休息, bed 前面不用定冠词 the . e. g.： Tom hurts his leg. He is lying in bed. 汤姆腿伤了，正在卧床休息. (lying 是 lie 的现在分词)表示： 躺在上, 通常用 lie on +名词，该名词前面要用定冠词 the. Dont lie on the street. 别躺在街上。Lying on the beach is fun. 躺在沙滩上很好玩。
16、3. as soon as possible. 是一个短语，表示尽快地，常在句中作状语。e. g.： She wants to buy a new cell phone as soon as possible. 她想尽快买一部新手机。三. 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或事件， 常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago, 含有 be 动词的句子， 将动词变为过去式，am, is 的过去式为 was，are 的过去式为 wereI was at the butchers. You were
17、 a student a year ago. The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago. 变疑问句将 be 动词移动到句首Were you at the butchers?Were you a student a year ago?Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?变否定句在 be 动词后面加 notI was not at the butchers. You were not a student a year ago. The teacher was not very beautiful
18、ten years ago. 肯定回答/否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not. Yes, you were. No, you were not. Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not. 特殊疑问句：What did you do?(必背)不含有 be 动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，动词过去式构成见附录I finished my homework yesterday. The boy went to a restaurant. The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago. 变疑问句在句首加 did
19、，动词变为原形Did you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?变否定句在主语和动词之间加 did notI did not finish my homework yesterday. The boy did not go to a restaurant. The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago. 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didnt. Yes, he did. No, he didnt. Yes, they did. No, they did not. 学优(中考: ，网
