1、Unit4 EarthquakesSection WarmingUp,Pre-reading,Readingto四、单句填空1.The number the students who took part in the military training is 450. 答案:of2.I burst laughing when my son made a face. 答案:out3.Your letter got (bury) under a pile of papers on the desk. 答案:buried4.It is reported that in the earthquake
2、a sixteen-year-old girl spent a whole day (dig) out all nine family members (trap) in the ruins alive. 答案:digging;trapped5.In the village,the (extreme) dry heat weather has led to several big fires. 答案:extremely6.How many English songs had you learned the end of last year? 答案:by7.He was buried under
3、 the ruins and had to (dig) out. 答案:be dug8.The number of people invited (be) eighty.But a number of them (be) absent. 答案:is;are9.In this traffic accident two boys (injure). 答案:were injuredZ10.The old man buried (he) in his research. 答案:himself五、单句改错1.When a earthquake happens,what should you do?答案:
4、aan2.She is too short to reaching the book on the desk.答案:reachingreachWWW3.The little boy burst into crying.答案:cryingtears 或 intoout4.He thought his career was for an end.WWW答案:forat5.Three fifths of the students has passed the exam.答案:hashave6.All his hope for the future lay in ruin.答案:ruinruins7.
5、There are more than 80 passengers injuring in the car accident.答案:injuringinjured8.Everybody was shocking by his good English.答案:shockingshocked9.A strange man came to the child rescue when he was in trouble.资* 源% 库答案:childchilds10.Since she left,he has buried him in his work.答案:himhimself六、完成句子1.Sh
6、e said that dinner (马上就准备好了). 答案:would be ready right away2.The book (太难了,孩子理解不了). 答案:is too difficult for children to understand3.At the sight of his mother,the boy (突然大哭起来).$来&源： 答案:burst into tears/burst out crying4.He speaks English so fluently (好像他在美国学习过似的). 答案:as if he had studied English in A
7、merica资* 源% 库 5.The meeting (在 12 点结束). 答案:came to an end at 12 oclock6.After the earthquake, (整个村子成了一片废墟). 答案:the whole village lay in ruins7.One-third of the passengers (在这次事故中受伤). 答案:were injured in the accident8.He ( 埋头读这本小说)for 3 hours. 答案:has been buried in the novel9. (并非所有的年轻人都) like pop mus
8、ic. 答案:Not all young people/All young people dont七、阅读理解AAfter the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994,earthquake scientists had good news to report:the damage and death toll(损失) could have been much worse.More than 60 people died in this earthquake.By comparison,an earthquake of simila
9、r intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims(遇难者).Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 am on a holiday,when traffic was light on the citys highways.In addition,changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last
10、 20 years have strengthened the citys buildings and highways,making them more resistant to quakes.Despite the good news,civil engineers arent resting on their successes.Pinned to their drawing boards are blue prints for improved quake-resistant buildings.The new designs should offer even greater sec
11、urity to cities where earthquakes often take place.In the past,making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials,such as steel and wood,that bend without breaking.Later,people tried to lift a building off its foundation,and insert rubber and steel between the building and its found
12、ation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations(震动 ).The most recent 5 designs give buildings brains as well as concrete(混凝土) and steel support.Called smart buildings,the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquakes vibrations.When the ground shakes and the building tips forward,the co
13、mputer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.The new smart structures could be very expensive to build.However,they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.1.One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively
14、 low is that . A.improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highwaysB.it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highwaysC.large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holidayD.new computers had been installed in the buildings答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知答案为 A 项。
15、2.The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to . A.help strengthen the foundation of the buildingsB.predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracy资* 源% 库 C.counterbalance an earthquakes action on the buildingsD.measure the impact of an earthquakes vibrations答案:C解析:细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知
16、计算机的作用,故 C 项为正确答案。3.The smart buildings discussed in the passage . A.would cause serious financial problemsB.would be worthwhile though costlyC.would increase the complexity of architectural designD.can reduce the ground vibrations caused by earthquakes答案:B解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知 B 项为正确答案。4.The authors
17、main purpose in writing the passage is to . A.compare the consequences of the earthquakes that occurred in the U.S.B.encourage civil engineers to make more extensive use of computersC.outline the history of the development of quake-resistant building materialsD.report new developments in constructin
18、g quake-resistant buildings答案:D解析:推理判断题。通读全文可知 ,作者主要介绍、宣传现代防震建筑材料的现状与发展前景,故D 项为正确答案。BThere has been a great increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years,and it is reported that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future.Some of the worlds l
19、eading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves.LondonLondons flood defenses(防御工事) are getting older.Since 1982,the Thames Barrier(水闸)has protected the city from the threat of flooding,but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years.About 26 years la
20、ter the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions.By 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every flood if the problem is not solved.There are 26 underground stations,400 schools,16 hospitals,an airport and 80 billion wealth in Londons flood risk
21、area,so large flooding would be extremely terrible.ParisOver a six week period in July and August 2003,more than 11,400mainly old peopledied in France because of dehydration(脱水)and extremely high body temperature in a terrible heat wave.Heat waves of similar intensity(强度)are expected every seven yea
22、rs by 2050,so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again?One solution is to have air-conditioners in elderly care homes.But this is considered a short-term solution,as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions(碳排放).In Paris the local authorities
23、are encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building “Flower Tower,” which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air-conditioner.ShanghaiShanghai is the fastest growing city on Earth.It has a population of 18 million and is only 4 meters above sea level.Sea levels
24、 are predicted to rise by 20 cm within the next century.About 250,000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work,placing extra demands on energy.China relies heavily on coal fired power stations,but these emissions increase temperatures and,in turn,warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons
25、.5.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Big Cities Facing Big DisastersB.Big Disasters in the FutureC.The Increase of Natural Disasters D.Solutions to Natural Disasters答案:A解析:主旨大意题。由第一段最后一句 “Someoftheworldsleadingcitiesarefacingdisasterslikefloodsandheatwaves.”可知,本段主要讲述世界
26、上几个大城市面临的一些灾难。故选 A 项。6.What problem should be solved now in London?A.How to protect the citys wealth.B.Where to build its flood defenses.C.How to use the Thames Barrier to protect the city.D.How to improve the function of the old flood defenses.答案:D解析:细节理解题。由 London 部分主要围绕着它的洪水防御工事越来越老化可知,应选择 D项。7.W
27、hich of the following measures cant solve the heat wave disaster in Paris?A.Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo.B.Having air-conditioners in elderly care homes.C.Forbidding the city to build “Flower Tower”.D.Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings.答案:C解析:细节理解题。由 Paris 部分内容可知 ,A、B 和 D 项所叙述的内容均有助于解决巴黎的热浪,只有 C 项不对。8.The major threats to Shanghai are . A.increasing populationB.rising sea levels and typhoonsC.coal-fired power stationsD.extra demands on energy答案:B解析:细节理解题。由 Shanghai 部分提到的 risingsealevels 和 typhoons 可知,应选择 B 项。
