1、TB6Module 1 Small Talk基础落实 .高频单词思忆 1.They promised （自信地）that they would restore the fallen bridge. 2.Students and teachers shared a taste of wearing (非正式的) dress. 3.The rise of sea level is predicted as the (后果) of global warming.,confidently,informal,consequence,4.Ive always been very (谨慎的) aboutgi
2、ving my address to strangers. 5.I must (道歉) for the delay in replying to your letter. 6.Some of his ideas are completely (把分开) from reality. 7.He was always surprisingly (谦虚的)abouthis role in the organization. 8.The year 2009 is the 60th (周年纪念日) of the PRC. 9.He had done a lot of (预先的) planningbefor
3、e he went to apply for the job.,cautious,apologize,divorced,modest,anniversary,advance,10.Id like to take this (机会)to express my thanks to you for your timely help.,opportunity,.重点短语再现 1.small 闲谈；聊天talk 吹牛talk商量，商讨 2.be nervous 对紧张/害怕nervous神经系统 3.look from从移开视线 away远离 4. friends交朋友make of 利用 5.chee
4、r sb. 使某人高兴/振作起来cheer sb. 为某人加油/鼓劲 6.be aware 意识到；知道 far as I am aware口就我所知make sense 理解,talk,over,big,about,system,away,far,make,use,up,on,as/so,of,of,7.show 炫耀show sb. 接送某人(进来)出去show 带领某人参观 8. addition 另外，又apart 此外，加之 9.take lead带头be the lead处于领先地位lead 导致lead sb. the nose牵着某人的鼻子走 10.put ones foot
5、ones mouth犯使某人难堪的错误 to ones feet站起来be rushed off ones 非常忙碌；忙得脚不沾地,off,in/out,around,in,from,the,in,to,by,in,rise,feet,.典型句式运用 1.Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!和一个人谈论他自己，他会和你说上几个小时！祈使句+and/or+简单句只要你一招手，就会有一辆汽车出现在你面前。,Simply raise your hand, and a car will,appear in fr
6、ont of you.,考点提炼,句子仿造,2.Here are some ideas to make you a better listener.有几个建议可以使你成为一位更好的倾听者。动词不定式作后置定语对这个问题我无可奉告。,考点提炼,句子仿造,I have nothing to say on this question.,3.Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth,I put my foot in it”.她的“座右铭”是“每当我张口，就会讲错话”。every time作连词表示“每次”在过去，每次看到他，我都避开他。,Every time
7、I saw him, I avoided him in the,past.,考点提炼,句子仿造,4.It was no coincidence either that she wasnta very good saleswoman.她成不了一位优秀的女推销员也就不是巧合了。it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语很明显，他会赢得比赛。,It is obvious that he will win the game.,考点提炼,句子仿造,5.It is estimated that 80% of all conversationin English is small talk.据估计，80%的英
8、语对话是聊天。句型It is+及物动词的-ed形式+that-clause据报道，Obama总统将于下周访问中国。,考点提炼,句子仿造,It is reported that President Obama will,visit China next week.,导练互动 重点单词 1.lack n.&v.缺乏；不足Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you dontknow?你是否想结交更多的朋友，但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心？ （回归课本P2）,观察思考 The trip was
9、 cancelled through lack of interest. 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。 Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms. 有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。 There was no lack of willing helpers. 不乏自愿帮助者。,归纳拓展 lack作动词时，后常接表示钱、勇气、能力、经验 等的名词。 lack for缺少，缺乏 lack for nothing一无所缺 be lacking in.在方面缺乏 for lack of.因缺乏 have no lack of
10、.不缺乏,活学活用 Of the 2,000 stock investors last month,ninety percent were found in financial knowledge. A.surveyed;lacking B.having been surveyed;to lack C.surveyed;lacked D.to have been surveyed;lack 解析 surveyed last month作后置定语修饰名词investors;be lacking in.在方面缺乏。,A,2.advance adj.预先的；事先的;n.&v.前进；进展；预付It h
11、elps if you do a little advance planning.要是事先作些准备，将会对你有所帮助。（回归课本P2）,观察思考 Let the world know more about China,let China advance towards the world. 让世界了解中国，让中国走向世界。 They are going to start an advanced course in English in that institute. 他们要在那个学院开一个英语高级班。 I should warn you in advance that the date may
12、 be delayed. 我得预先提醒你，日期也许会被推迟。,归纳拓展 advance on/towards sb./sth.（为了）前进； 行进 in advance (of sth.)（时间上）提前；预先 （=ahead of time） make an advance in sth.某方面有进步 advance planning/warning预先的计划/警告 advanced adj.高级的，先进的；年老的；发达的 advanced English/maths高阶英语/高等数学,活学活用 If you are worried that the tickets will be sold
13、out,you can buy a ticket . A.in a row B.in advance C.on time D.time after time 解析 in advance提前；预先；in a row成一排； on time准时；time after time屡屡；总是。根 据句意知B项正确。,B,3.certain adj.有把握的，确定的，肯定的（不作定语）；某个，某些（作定语）Here in England,there are certain questions that you shouldnt really ask people.在英国，有一些虽然你不知道但也不该询问别人
14、的问题 （回归课本P7）,观察思考 I think theres a bus at 8 but youd better call to make certain. 好像8点有一班公共汽车，不过你最好打电话确定一下。 Im not certain whether theres a bus service on Sundays. 我不确定星期天是否也有公交车。 For certain reasons Ill be unable to attend the meeting. 因为某些原因我不能出席这次会议。,归纳拓展 a certain Mr.Zhang某一位姓张的先生 certain books某
15、些书 under certain conditions在一定条件下 be certain of对有把握 make certain弄清楚 be certain to do sth.一定会做某事 for certain肯定地 It is certain that.是肯定的 to a certain degree/extent在某种程度上,易混辨异 certain/sure sure与certain都表示“确信，肯定”，通常可以换 用，但是certain既可以用物作主语，也可以用人作 主语，而sure通常用人作主语，所以在It is certain that从句结构中,certain和sure不能换
16、用。sb.be sure/certain to do sth.表示以局外人的立场推测， 确信主语会做某事；sb.be sure of doing sth.表 示主语自己对做某事有把握，有信心。,活学活用-用certain或sure填空 (1)He is to win the election. (2)Im of getting the chance. (3)It is that he will pass the exam.,sure,sure,certain,4.imagine v.想像；设想Imagine a situation where two strangers aretalking
17、to each other after someone they bothknow has left the room,or the caf or party,etc.设想这样一种情形，在咖啡馆或聚会等场合，双方都认识的人离开了房间，两个陌生人开始交谈。 （回归课本P13）,观察思考 Can you imagine (Tom) winning the game? 你能想像（汤姆）赢得这次比赛的情形吗？ Dont imagine that I can give you anything you want. 你甭想像着我能给你想要的一切。,归纳拓展 imagination n.想像力；创造力 im
18、aginative adj.具有想像力的 imaginable adj.可想像的 imaginary adj.虚构的；幻想的 imagine that/what/how/why想像 imagine doing sth.想像做某事 imagine sb. doing sth.想像某人做某事 imagine sb./sth. as.把某人(物)想像成 You cant imagine.你想像不到,活学活用 There is a story here in the paper about a110yearold man. My goodness!I cant imagine that old. A.
19、to be B.to have been C.being D.having been 解析 imagine想像，设想，后可跟名词、代词、动名词，that/wh-从句作宾语，或用于imagine+宾语+to be结构。由此知A、B两项不符合其用法；由句中时态判断，此处应用一般时而非完成时。,C,5.purpose n.目的;vt.打算；企图Whats the purpose of your visit to London?你来伦敦的目的是什么？ （回归课本P13） 观察思考I came here on purpose to see you.我特地来这儿看你。I came to Beijing f
20、or/with the purpose of seeing you.我来北京就是为了见你。,归纳拓展 on purpose故意地 with/for the purpose of为了 answer/serve the purpose适用 to the purpose合乎目的地；切题地 to little/no purpose作用不大；徒劳 purpose to do sth./doing sth.企图做某事,活学活用 They pulled down the old buildings for theof making room for the newly-built motorway. A.p
21、urpose B.meaning C.face D.use 解析 for the purpose of为固定搭配，指“为了的目的”，符合句意，故选A项。,A,6.apologise v.道歉;辩白 观察思考 The US has apologised to Britain for the accident. 美国已经就这次事故向英国道歉。 The worker asked the boss to make an apology to him for the dirty words. 那位工人要求老板因说了脏话而向他道歉。 I must apologise for the delay in re
22、plying to your letter. 未能及时回信，我必须向你道歉。,归纳拓展 apologise to sb.for (doing) sth.因（做了）某 事而向某人道歉 apologise for (doing) sth.为（做）某事道歉 make/offer an apology to sb.for sth.为某事向 某人道歉 own sb.an apology应向某人道歉 accept ones apology接受某人的道歉,活学活用 The headmaster told the boy the angry teacher. A.to apologise B.apologis
23、e to C.to apologise for D.to apologise to 解析 tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事；apologise to sb.向某人道歉。,D,重点短语与句型 7.in addition另外；此外In addition,you need to know how long you shouldstay,and when you have to leave.另外，你需要知道你应该呆多长时间和你何时该离开。（回归课本P3） 观察思考In addition,he learned French by himself.=He learned French b
24、y himself,in addition.此外，他还自学了法语。Hes now running his own companythats in addition to his job at the university.除了他在大学的工作外,他现在还经营自己的公司。,归纳拓展 in addition是副词短语，常放在句首，也可放在句 中、句尾。 in addition to.除之外，复合介词，后接名 词或动名词。 addition n.增加；附加；附加物；增加物 as well=besides=in addition 除此之外(用作副词) as well as=besides=apart f
25、rom=in addition to 除之外(用作介词),活学活用gene,intelligence also depends on an adequate diet,a good education and a decent home environment. A.In addition B.Except for C.In addition to D.Except 解析 in addition to除之外（还有）；in addition是副词，不接宾语；B、D两项都表示“去掉，除”，故C项符合句意。,C,8.cheer sb.up使某人高兴/振作起来She tried to cheer hi
26、m up.她试图使他高兴起来。（回归课本P8） 观察思考The winning team were cheered by their supporters.获胜的队受到支持者的热烈欢呼。You look as though you need cheering up.看来你需要振作起来。,归纳拓展 cheer up感到高兴；感动振奋 cheer on为加油 cheer sb.为某人喝彩 cheerleader n.拉拉队队员 three cheers for sb.为某人欢呼三声 活学活用 Give Mary a call;she needs cheering up.,给玛丽打个电话，她需要人安
27、慰。,9.leave out遗留；遗忘 观察思考We must decide what to leave out and whatto leave in.我们必须决定取舍。Please check your exam paper carefully tomake sure you dont leave out anything before handing it in.在上交试卷前请仔细检查以确定没有任何遗漏。These are questions left over by history.这是些历史遗留问题。,归纳拓展 leave behind遗留；遗忘 leave off停止；不再使用;戒
28、除 leave over剩余；暂不解决 leave alone别管，不理会 on leave休假 without leave未经许可 cross out划掉，除去,易混辨异 leave out/cross out (1)leave out遗漏，漏掉。 In your written work,you left out an important detail,so you couldnt score a high mark. 在书面表达中，你漏掉了一个重要细节，因此你不能得高分。 (2)cross out划掉，除去。 The word in the sentence is unnecessary
29、.Cross it out. 这个单词在句中多余，划去它。,活学活用 用leave短语的适当形式完成句子 (1)The men had all run away, only women and children . (2)Its time to talking and start acting. (3) this matter until tomorrow.,leaving,behind,leave off,Leave,over,10.We stood around making small talk.我们站在某人旁边闲谈。 句式分析本句中的making small talk是分词短语作状语，
30、表伴随。He lay on the grass,looking at the sky.他躺在草地上，看着天空。Im now working at the centre,helping drug addicts to stop drug abuse.现在我在戒毒中心工作，帮助那些瘾君子们戒毒。,归纳拓展 分词作状语： (1)分词作状语形式的选择,(2)分词作状语的基本原则 分词作状语，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持 一致；分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主 谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。 (3)分词作状语的句法功能 分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、 结果、条件、让步、行
31、为方式、伴随情况等。表示 时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出。 Hearing the news,they got excited.(时间状语) 听到这个消息，他们兴奋极了。 Be careful while/when crossing the street.(时 间状语),过街时要小心。 Having been bitten by a snake,she was frightened at it.(原因状语) 由于被蛇咬过，所以她怕蛇。 Given a chance,I can surprise the world.(条件 状语) 给我一个机会，我会让世界震惊。 The
32、cup dropped to the ground,breaking into pieces.(结果状语) 那个杯子掉在地上摔碎了。 Having been told many times,she still repeated the same mistakes.(让步状语) 虽然告诉她很多次了，但她仍犯同样的错误。,The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.(伴随状语) 老师走进了教室，身后跟着一群学生。 (4)独立成分作状语 有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响， 称为独立成分。常见的有： genera
33、lly speaking一般说来 frankly speaking坦白地说 judging from/by.根据来判断 considering.考虑到 to tell the truth说实话 compared to/with.与相比,活学活用that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed. A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen 解析 see这一动作由句子的主语“I”发出,故空格 处须用现在分词。,A,考题回扣 【例1】Im thinking of the
34、 test tomorrow. Im afraid I cant pass this time. !Im sure youll make it.(天津高考)A.Go aheadB.Good luckC.No problemD.Cheer up解析 由后句“Im sure youll make it.我相信你会成功的”可知，应是对对方的鼓励和信任。cheer up可用于表达鼓励、促进的含义，相当于,come on作此意时的用法。go ahead意为“做吧”， 用以表达对前面说话人的提议的支持和许可。 答案 D 课文原文 She tried to cheer him up.,【例2】 not to
35、 miss the flight at 1520,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. (福建高考) A.Reminding B.RemindedC.To remind D.Having reminded解析 分词作状语时，要根据其与句子的主语之间的逻辑关系来确定用现在分词形式还是过去分词形式。句子的主语the manager与remind之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式表示被动。课文原文We stood around making small talk .,B,【例3】Teenagers their health because th
36、ey play computer games too much.(重庆高考)A.have damaged B.are damagingC.damaged D.will damage解析 根据because引导的原因状语的时态，可知前面的时态。He had an accident and damaged his bicycle.,B,课文原文,【例4】The teacher stressed again that the students should not any important details while retelling the story.(湖北高考)A.bring out B.
37、let outC.leave out D.make out解析 句意为：老师进一步强调让学生们在复述故事时不要漏掉任何重要的细节。bring out阐述；使明白；let out发出；泄露（秘密等）；leave out遗漏；make out理解；辨认出。课文原文Notice how certain words are left out in informal conversation.,C,【例5】This special school accepts all disabled students, educational level and background. (江苏高考)A.accordi
38、ng to B.regardless ofC.in addition to D.in terms of解析 according to根据；regardless of不管，不顾；in addition to除之外（还）；in terms of从的观点，从的角度。本题选B项。句意为：这所特教学校接收所有的残疾学生，不管他的受教育水平和背景如何。课文原文In addition,you need to know how long you should stay,and when you have to leave.,B,写作技能 议论文的语篇连接词 在议论文中，列举事实、陈述理由或说明原因时，常用fo
39、r one thing.and for another.,in the first place,to begin with,first(ly), second(ly), third(ly),in ddition,besides,first and most important,last but not least,等。这类连接词在近几年高考的写作中运用十分广泛。,以下是2006年广东高考英语写作题的参考范文，在谈到通讯工具变化所带来的负面影响时，作者就用到了firstly.secondly.last but not least.来列举三条理由。请欣赏： However,this change
40、has bad as well as good effects,especially dependence on the Internet.Firstly,as we lack enough practice,we are losing the beauty of hand written Chinese words which express the writer better while machine words all have,the same looks.Secondly,our spelling becomes worse if we rely on the machine to
41、o much.Last but not least,the PC screen does harm to our eyes.I prefer the old way of communication even though it is much too slow in the eyes of many people. 即时练习以下是选自2008年福建高考英语试题写作题的范 文。请在文章的空白处填入适当的语篇连接词,As a boy of 17,I am outgoing,good at English and have experience of working well with child
42、ren aged from 7 to 12.I think it is a kind of win-win activity.For one thing,I can help take care of the children.For another thing,I can improve my English,make more friends,and enrich my life during the summer vacation.,自主检测 .品句填词 1.There are fewer (机会) for new graduates this year. 2.He made an (道
43、歉) to me for his not attending the concert on time. 3.The mistake is not very (严重的).Dont worry about it. 4.She is very successful,but she is very (谦虚的) about her success.,opportunities,apology,serious,modest,5.She (想像) walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them. 6.You need
44、nt wear a suit.Its just an (非正式的) party. 7.Scientists have （尝试） a new theory to explain this phenomenon. 8.Hes not （成熟的） enough to be given too much responsibility. 9.Whats his (目的) of coming so early this morning? 10.They promised (自信地) that they would restore the fallen bridge.,imagined,informal,a
45、ttempted,mature,purpose,confidently,.短语运用1.I him as a happy person with lots of good friends. 2. the names on the list,there are six more applicants. 3.Most small children like to in front of guests.,be nervous about,think of,look away from,in addition to,put ones foot in ones mouth, as a consequenc
46、e,cheer up,leave out,take the lead,show off,think of,In addition to,show off,4.Consumers the quality of the goods in future. 5.He isnt fit for a salesman,for he is always . 6.He didnt the newspaper that he was reading when I said goodbye to him. 7.She anm in accommodation.,are nervous about,putting
47、his foot in his mouth,look away from,left out,8.Our global is becoming warmer,and,the sea level is rising. 9.If we in this,others may follow. 10.A call from her boyfriend may the girl.,as a,consequence,take the lead,cheer up,.翻译句子 1.你答复他的问题了吗？（reply）2.据估计，百分之九十的学生喜欢数学。（estimate）3.他似乎没有意识到他们态度的冷淡。（be
48、 aware of）,Have you replied to his question?,Its estimated that 90% of the students like,maths.,He doesnt seem to be aware of the coldness,of their attitude.,4.你能想像像克鲁斯一样生活在荒岛上吗？（imagine）5.Because they used this very useful social technique,they found something they have in common at last.,Can you imagine living on a lonely island as,Crusoe did?,因为他们运用了这种非常有效的社交技巧，最后他们,发现彼此之间有共同之处。,
