1、,M5,Ethnic Culture,Objectives,To learn about v-ed forms as adverbials To learn about phrasal verbs,语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。,Grammar 1,v-ed form as adverbials,Accompanied by Hammonds twograndchildren, they are sent on a tourthrough Jurassic Park in co
2、mputer-controlled cars. (P67, B6) 2. Written in 1931 by an Englishman calledAldous Huxley, it became a subject ofmuch discussion as soon as it first appeared. (P69, B6),Are you familiar with these sentences?They are all from our books we havelearned.,3. Frightened by his own courage, he said, “Pleas
3、e sir, I want some more.”(P30, B7) 4. Born in New Orleans, Louisiana in 1901, he began playing music at the ageof 13 and was a pioneer of theimprovised jazz solo. (P55, B7) 5. Spoken by fewer and fewer people these days, the Naxi language may disappear in the future.,6. Seen from above, the old town
4、 is a mazeof canals, little bridges and tiny streets. 7. Passed from father to son, the music hasnot changed for 8 centuries. 8. Looked at from a distance, the XishanHills resembel a sleeping beauty. 9. Completely rebuilt, the town would notbe so interesting. 10. Followed by many students, the teach
5、ers entered the classroom.,to test your sense of observation to test your ability of short-term memory to test your ability to highlight the language points,Guess,Guessing Games,_ by Hammonds twograndchildren, they are sent on a tourthrough Jurassic Park in computer-controlled cars. (P67, B6) 2. _ i
6、n 1931 by an Englishman calledAldous Huxley, it became a subject ofmuch discussion as soon as it first appeared. (P69, B6),Accompanied,Written,3. _ by his own courage, he said, “Please sir, I want some more.”(P30, B7) 4. _ in New Orleans, Louisiana in 1901, he began playing music at the ageof 13 and
7、 was a pioneer of theimprovised jazz solo. (P55, B7) 5. _ by fewer and fewer people these days, the Naxi language may disappear in the future.,Frightened,Born,Spoken,6. _ from above, the old town is a mazeof canals, little bridges and tiny streets. 7. _ from father to son, the music hasnot changed f
8、or 8 centuries. 8. _ at from a distance, the XishanHills resembel a sleeping beauty. 9. Completely _, the town would notbe so interesting. 10. _ by many students, the teachers entered the classroom.,Seen,Passed,Looked,rebuilt,Followed,Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the
9、box.,know give invite lose visit,When _ in spring, the hills are covered with flowers. 2. _ as one of the loveliest places in China, Yunnan is now visited by many tourists.,Exercise,visited,Known,3. _ in the tiny streets, we decidesto ask for help. 4. _ into a Naxi home, you shouldaccept with pleasu
10、re. 5. If _ something you dont want to eat, just refuse politely.,Lost,Invited,given,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,过去分词作状语是英语中常见的语言现象。我们所说的过去分词作状语是指单个的过去分词和过去分词短语这两种情况作状语。如frightened 是过去分词，frightened by the noise是过去分词短语。,过去分词作状语,Seen from the top of the building
11、, our school looks beautiful. 从楼顶上看，学校看起来很美。 Water boils, heated to 100C. 水加热到100度就沸腾。,(When it is),(when it is),1. 作时间状语,She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter. 她走出房间，后面跟着她的小女儿。Absorbed in the work, he neglected food and sleep. 他专心于工作，废寝忘食。,(and she was),(He was),2. 作伴随状语,Dest
12、royed by the hurricane, the old house is nowhere to be found. 由于飓风的破坏，那座老房子哪也找不 到了。Bitten by the cobra, the man was in danger. 因为被眼镜蛇咬了，这人处在危险中。,(As/Because it has been),(Because he was),3. 作原因状语,Tired, he went on working.Punished by the parents, he wont come again.,(Although he was),(If he is),虽然他很
13、疲倦，他仍然继续工作。,他若是被家长惩罚了，就再也不能来了。,4. 作让步、条件状语,注意：在使用过去分词作状语时要特别注意过去分词的逻辑主语一定是句子的主语，其逻辑主语与过去分词的关系是被动关系。下面的例子就可以说明这个问题。,同样conj+非谓语动词单独使用时，非谓动词的逻辑主语与句子的主语须相一致。,If given enough time, we could have finished the work.,If (we had been) given enough time,Hearing the sad news, tears ran down her cheeks.,正：When
14、she heard/She hearing, ,_ from the top of the building, the school looks beautiful._ from the top of the building, we found the school beautiful.,Seen,Seeing,从楼顶上看，学校看起来很美。,我们从楼顶往下看，发现学校很美。,这里第一句seen的逻辑主语是school，其关系 是被动关系；第二句seeing的逻辑主语是we，其关系是主动关系。,_ (compare)Shanghai with Xian, we found Shanghai i
15、s large._ (compare) with Xian, Shanghai is large._ (lose) himself in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him._ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.,Comparing,Losing,Lost,Compared,_ (not tell) ahead of time, he didnt know the meeting was put off. _ (determine) to
16、 complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately. _ (finish) their homework, the students went out. _ (leave) alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.,Not having been told,Determined,Having finished,Left,我跑进教室，满脸是土。,I rushed into the classroom, _ (cover) dust.,m
17、y face covered with,过去分词短语单独作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但：,我们从题意得知：cover一词的逻辑主语应为my face,与句子的主语 I 不一致，因此采用独立主格结构。,各方面都考虑进去，你的文章比他的文章更有价值。,_, your article is of greater value than his.,All things considered,但如果不一致，须采用独立主格结构：逻辑主语+ done。,过去分词（或短语）作状语和状语从句的转换,1) Seen from the hill top, the valley looks like
18、 a wonderland.,=When/If the valley is seen from the hill top, it looks like a wonderland.,当/如果从上顶上望去，峡谷宛如仙境。,句中的过去分词短语可以转换成时间或条件状语从句。,由此可以断定此过去分词短语在句中作时间/条件状语。,2) Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.,=Once his work was published, his work became fa
19、mous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.,他的作品一发表就以每一行结尾不押韵而出名。,Once his work was published 引起一时间状语从句。,3) As soon as translated into English, the book became very popular in the Western World.,=As soon as it was translated into English, the book became very popular in the Western World.
20、,这本书一被翻译成英文，就在西方世界流行了起来。,As soon as translated into English 在句中充当时间状语。,4) Connected to the rest of the house by a long passage, the room seems very quiet.,=As it is connected to the rest of the house by a long passage, the room seems very quiet.,由于这间房子由一道长廊与其他房间相连，它显得非常安静。,Connected to the rest of t
21、he house by a long passage在句中充当原因状语。,5) Although left alone at home, the little girl did not feel afraid at all.,=Although she was left alone at home, the little girl did not feel afraid at all.,虽然小女孩一个人被留在家里，但她并不感到害怕。,Although left alone at home 在句中充当让步状语。,Review,复习过去分词作状语： 1. 作时间状语; 2. 作伴随状语; 3. 作
22、原因状语; 4. 作让步、条件状语。,注: word 文档 点击此处链接,Individual activity,Do you know why the US uses the bald eagle as its emblem (国徽)? In 1782, US Congress (美国国会) selected the bald eagle as the emblem of the newly _ (form) United States, because it represents courage and might. Whats more, it _ _(find) only in the
23、 United States and Canada at that time. The national emblem shows the bald eagle with its wings spread, with one claw holding an olive branch, and the other claw _(grasp) arrows.,根据提示或上下文语境，用本单元课文 中出现的生词、短语的适当形式填空， 完成短文。,formed,was,found,grasping,1. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the pl
24、ane has come to a complete stop. (2009四川)A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat 2. _ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. (2009天津)A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged,实战高考,3. _ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the
25、first to reach the top of Mount Tai. (2009 浙江)A. To be tired B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired 4. _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. (2009 北京) A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten,5. Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _ with hi
26、s old one. (2009 重庆)A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared 6. Though _ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. (2010 全国II) A. surprise B was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised,7. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. (2010 福
27、建) A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 8. _ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. (2010 陕西) A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see,9. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _ regularly, can improve our health. (2010 浙江) A. b
28、eing carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 10. _ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous. (2011 四川)A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer,11. Time, _ correctly; is moneyin the bank. (2012 湖南)A. to use B. used C. using D. use 12. _ with care, one
29、 tin will last for six weeks. (2012 北京)A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use,13. The club, _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and presentmembers. (2012 上海)A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded,Grammar 2,Phrasal verbs,grow up, look back at, beg for, come out, try out, set off,
30、 wake up, run through, come from, bring with, come across, make up of, hear from, think over,All of these are called Phrasal Verbs.,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,一、什么是动词短语？ 动词短语由动词加一个或两个小品词（particle）构成，如blow up, take off, look into, face up to等。 二、动词短语的分类 从形态构成来
31、看，动词短语可以分成以下三种：,Phrasal verbs,(1)动词副词 We can put the match off till next week. 我们可以将这场比赛推迟到下星期举行。 The travellers set off at dawn. 旅游者一清早就出发了。 (2)动词介词 They are looking into the disappearance of the gold watch. 他们正在追查那只失踪的金表。 He has decided to run for President. 他决定参加总统竞选。,(3)动词副词介词 He put in for a ne
32、w job. 他提出要求担任一项新的工作。 They are thinking of putting him in for the new job. 他们想推荐他参加这项新工作。 注意此句动词和副词间插入了一个宾语。 He put the odd weather down to nuclear explosions. 他将天气反常归咎于核爆。 注意此句动词和副词间插入了一个宾语。,三、动词短语语义的变化 第一类，动词和小品词保持原意，词义可从两个成分的意义中引申出来。 bring forth=produce, call on=visit, get away=escape, get back=r
33、ecover, hold up=obstruct, keep back=retain, look over=inspect等。 在这一类中，根据小品词的涵义，又可以分成三种组合类型：,i. 小品词说明动词的方向，带有空间涵义。 The buds are coming out. 蓓蕾绽放。 The snow came down thick and fast. 大雪纷飞。 在这一组合类型中，小品词up除了说明 动词所指方向外，还可指“接近目标”。 He went straight up to the door. 他一直走到门口。,ii. 小品词表示“完全、彻底”的意思。 After working
34、 all afternoon, they ate up all of the dinner. 工作了一个下午之后，他们在晚餐上把东西全吃光了。 He drank the beer off at a draught. 他把啤酒一饮而尽。,iii. 小品词表示“持续下去或渐渐地淡薄、减弱”，多半以away来表示。 Hes been working away at this job since breakfast. 早饭后，他一直在干这项工作。 They were digging away in their garden. 他们正在花园里拼命地挖土。 The thunder and lightnin
35、g died away in heavy rain. 雷声和闪电消逝，暴雨来临。,第二类，动词保持原意，小品词部分或全部丧失原意，词义尚能从其构词成分的意义中推断出来。 如find out = discover, give up = abandon, leave off=stop, work out=calculate等。 He was angry when they found out his secret. 当他们发现他的秘密时，他勃然大怒。 When do we break up for the Easter Holidays? 我们什么时候放假过复活节？,第三类，动词和小品词的意义都已
36、改变，构成一个新的语义单位，语义不能从其构词成分的意义中引申出来。 如 come by=obtain, get by=manage, get up=prepare等。 How did you come by the dictionary? 这本词典你是怎样弄到手的？ He decided to walk out on the project. 他决定放弃这项工程。,注: word 文档 点击此处链接,Individual activity,根据提示或上下文语境，用本单元课文 中出现的生词、短语的适当形式填空， 完成短文。,At the beginning, MCs often _ (perfo
37、rm) for hours, repeating words and phrases and then improving. Later, they _ (experiment) with different vocal and rhythmic approaches, using rhyming words. MC Dark Star remembers the first time he heard a rap singer. “The _ I heard it”, he said, “I knew it was a completely new kind if music.”,perfo
38、rmed,experimented,moment,1. Have you _? (2009 四川) No. I had the wrong number.A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through 2. How about your journey to Mount Emei? (2009 四川) Everything was wonderful except that our car _ twice on the way.A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down,实战高考,3.
39、 Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have _. (2009 江苏) So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up D closed up 4. It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of two missing children. (2009 江西) A. look upon B. look after C. look i
40、nto D. look out,5. A notice was _ in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. (2009 陕西)A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up 6. After that, he knew he could _ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability. (2010 浙江) A. get away with B. get on with C. get throu
41、gh D. get across,7. My mother opened the drawer to _ the knives and spoons. (2010 全国II) A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together 8. The experiment has _ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets. (2010 江苏) A. found out
42、B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out,9. Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets _ it. (2010 福建) A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to 10. Had she _ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.(2010 湖北) A. looked up to B. lived up
43、to C. kept up with D. come up with,11. Some insects _ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. (2011 陕西)A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out 12. I can _ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. (2011 全国新课标)A. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to,1
44、3. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every wordher teacher says. (2012 全国 I)A. put out B. put down C. put away D. put together 14. We _ to paint the wholehouse but finished only the front partthat day. (2012 全国 II)A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down,15. The ath
45、letes years of hard training _when she finally won the Olympic goldmedal. (2012 安徽)A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up 16. You had better _some time everyday for sports so that you can keepyourself energetic. (2012 福建)A. set aside B. take up C. put away D. give out,17. Old-fashioned ph
46、ones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters.(2013福建)A. turn down B. turn out C. break down D. break out 18. Butterflies _ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect. (2013湖北)A. carry on B. feed on C. put on D. focus on,19. In much of the animal world, night is the time _ for sleep pure and simple. (2013湖北)A. set aside B. set down C. set off D. set up 20. Team leaders must ensure that all members their natural desire toavoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. (2013江苏)A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over,Thank you.,
