1、本次作业是本门课程本学期的第 3 次作业，注释如下：大学英语 IV 第 3 单元 作业题一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共 40 道小题)1. How long will it take to get well? _ 本题 2 分(A) It started 3 days ago.(B) I have waited for almost 30 minutes.(C) If you stop smoking, youll recover soon.(D) Its nothing but the flu.你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C 当病人问医生 “病多久才会好”
2、时，医生一般会直接告诉你答案。 只有 C“如果你停止吸烟，很快就会康复的”才符合。 A “病是三天前开始的”；B“我已经等了约 30 分钟了”；D“没什么就是感冒了”；都是答非所问。2. Id like to make an appointment with Dr. Brooks. _ 本题 2 分(A) You may come 10 oclock Thursday morning if you like.(B) Dr Brooks can see you in about 15 minutes.(C) Thank you very much for calling and making a
3、n appointment.(D) Is 10 oclock Thursday morning fine with you?你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元D 此对话可能是病人打电话预约看病时间，接电话的一般是护士。应注意对话双方的身份。对于病人的提问，最佳答案 D 提出一个时间与对方商榷，最礼貌、最得体。A 缺乏这种商量的语气，B 没有给病人选择甚至准备的机会 ,C 只在挂电话之前使用，且过于冗长。3. How often should I take the medicine? _ 本题 2 分(A) You should drink more water.(B)
4、Youd better lie in bed.(C) Three times a day after meals.(D) You should keep warm.你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C 病人问医生 “我多久吃一次药？”，所以应选 C“一日三次，饭后服用” 。而 A“你应多喝点水”；B“你最好卧床休息”；D“ 你应保持身体暖和” 都不是答案。4. When did your symptoms begin? _ 本题 2 分(A) I didnt sleep.(B) I have an upset stomach.(C) I dont feel well.(
5、D) They began last night.你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元D 当医生问病人“你的症状什么时候开始的？”，应选 D“昨天晚上开始的”。而 A“我睡不着觉”；B“我胃不舒服”；C“我不舒服” 都是些症状，故不能选。5. _. Can I help you? Hello. My wife is Dr Turners patient, and she is not feeling well this morning. 本题 2 分(A) Dr Turners office(B) This is Mary(C) Welcome to Dr Turners
6、 office(D) Thank you for calling你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参考：第三单元A 这种对话很可能是电话对话，发生在病人家属和护士之间。接工作电话时，首先要说明自己所在部门，而不是自己的姓名。C 在正式场合迎接客人时使用；D 在电话结束前使用。6. Doctor, will this medicine have any side effects? _ 本题 2 分(A) This medicine is very good.(B) This medicine is so expensive.(C) This medicine is useful.(D)
7、 It will probably make you sleepy你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元D 当病人问医生“这药有什么副作用”，D“它可能会让你犯困”应该是正确答案。而A、B、C 都不是针对副作用而做出的回答。7. Where is the doctors office? _ 本题 2 分(A) You are the 14th patient today.(B) Hell see you in Room 3.(C) You cant miss it.(D) You will probably wait for a while.你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确
8、答案：B解答参考：第三单元B 此对话可能发生在病人和护士之间，病人问“医生的办公室在哪里”时，最好的答案就是 B“他在三号诊室” 。而 A“你是今天第 14 个病人”；C“你不能错过了 ”；D“你可能要等一会儿”都不是适合题意的答案。8. How long have you been feeling uncomfortable? _ 本题 2 分(A) I feel dizzy.(B) I have a poor appetite.(C) For almost 3 days.(D) I feel better today.你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C 当医生问
9、“你病了多久了”时，病人应该告诉医生生病的时间，所以 C 合题意。而A“我头晕”；B“我胃口不好”；D“我今天好点了”都是答非所问。9. Doctor, I strained my back the other day working in the garden. _ 本题 2 分(A) Why so careless?(B) Well. You need an X-ray.(C) When did it start?(D) Well, go and stay in bed.你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元B 当病人对医生说 “我前几天在花园干活时拉伤了背。”应对病人
10、病情的陈述，最适当的答案是 B，表示需要进一步查看病情。 A、D 不符合语境；C 与上文语义重复。10. Im Doctor House. What seems to be the problem? _ 本题 2 分(A) I cant bear the strain at work.(B) I strained my back at work.(C) The work bores me.(D) Its killing me.你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元B 当医生问 “我有什么可以帮助你”时，他希望你回答哪里感到不适，所以此题应选B“我头晕，还咳得厉害” 。 A、
11、C 的语义与上下文不相关；D 语义不清楚。11. Adam is a man for _ I have the greatest respect. 本题 1 分(A) that(B) who(C) whom(D) which你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，一般规则是用 who/that 指人，用 which/that指物。当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，一般可以用 whom/who/that 指人，用 which/that 指物； 但在正式语体中当介词前置时，只能用 whom 指人， which 指物。【译文】亚当是我最尊敬的一个人
12、。12. He tried to stand on his hands for five minutes, _ is rather a difficult thing to do. 本题 1 分(A) that(B) which(C) whose(D) /你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元B 在非限制性的定语从句中，通常用 who(m)指人，用 which 指物。在某些情况下，which 的先行词可以指上文的整个句子，所以 B 是正确的。A、that 一般不可以用于非限制性定语从句；C、whose 在这里不符合句意；这里的 which 也不能省略，所以 D 也不能选。【
13、译文】他尝试倒立分钟，这是一件相当有难度的事情。13. his is the best instrument _ we have in our laboratory. 本题 1 分(A) which(B) what(C) that(D) where你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C 当定语从句所修饰的名词前有形容词的最高级时，引导词只能是 that。【译文】这是我们实验室里最好的仪器。14. This is the only English-Chinese dictionary _ I have. 本题 1 分(A) what(B) that(C) whom(D) w
14、hich你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元B 当定语从句所修饰的名词前有序数词 first, second 或 only, last 等词时，引导词只能用 that。【译文】这是我唯一的一本英汉字典。15. We have bought some new machines, _ work very well. 本题 1 分(A) what(B) that(C) who(D) which你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元D 限制性定语从句既可以用 which 也可以用 that 引出，而非限制性定语从句中指事物的关系词只能用 which。【译文】我
15、们买了一些新机器，它们的工作性能很好。16. She has everything _ a good wife should have. 本题 1 分(A) that(B) which(C) whom(D) what你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参考：第三单元A 当先行词是不定代词 all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, none, few, much 等时，只能用 that 来引导后面的从句，并且 that 可以省略。【译文】她具有一个好妻子应有的所有美德。17. The four travelers_ I
16、shared the room were kind people. 本题 1 分(A) who(B) whom(C) from which(D) with whom你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元D 此题考察 share sth. with sb，此句中，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，一般可以用 whom/who/that 指人，with 前置，后面只能跟 whom，所以选 with whom.。【译文】这四个和我同住一间屋的旅客都是随和的人。18. _ the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the sec
17、ond largest industry in this country last year. 本题 1 分(A) in line with(B) in terms of(C) in accordance with(D) in proportion to你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元B In terms of 依据，根据，在方面；In line with 跟一致；In accordance with 按照，依照，与一致；In proportion to 按着比例，与成正比。【译文】从就业人员的数字来说，这个国家去年的第二大工业是饭店业。19. Last year,
18、Mary _ her second child. 本题 1 分(A) produced(B) born(C) gave birth to(D) created你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C give birth to 生育，产生；produce 生产（产品）；born 是 bear 的过去分词，一般用 be born，意思是 “出生”；create 创造，创作。【译文】去年夏天，玛丽生了第二个小孩。20. He_ to climb the steep cliff but after only a few minutes found it would be too
19、dangerous. 本题 1 分(A) risked(B) dared(C) attempted(D) practiced你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元 C attempt to do 尝试、努力做；risk doing sth. 冒险做某事；dare to do 敢做；practice 实践。 【 译文】他试图攀登这陡峭的悬崖，但几分钟后他就发现这太危险了。21. The article has proved _. 本题 1 分(A) useful(B) is useful(C) been useful(D) use你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参
20、考：第三单元A 此题考察 prove+ adj. 所以，只能选 useful。【译文】这篇文章证明非常有用。22. Happiness doesnt always _ money. 本题 1 分(A) go for(B) go through(C) go back(D) go with你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元D go with 伴随；go for 努力获取，主张；go through 经历；go back 回去。 【译文】幸福并不总是与金钱联系在一起。23. While nuclear weapons have_ dangers, some countries
21、 are still trying their best to develop them today. 本题 1 分(A) unseen(B) constant(C) obvious(D) potential你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元D potential 潜在的，可能的；unseen 看不见的，未见过的；constant 不变的；obvious 明显的。 【译文】虽然核武器有潜在的危险，但如今仍有一些国家在努力发展它。24. You must give this matter_. 本题 1 分(A) priority(B) advantage(C) right
22、(D) quality你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参考：第三单元A give priority to sb./give sb. Priority 给某人优先权 【译文】你必须优先处理此事。25. Success in school _much hard work. 本题 1 分(A) calls for(B) calls off(C) calls up(D) calls back你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参考：第三单元 A call for 要求，需要；call off 放弃，取消；call up 征召，唤起；call back 召回。【译文】要在学校取得成功
23、是需要许多艰苦努力的。26. An assembly line makes it impossible for a worker to do anything _ work. 本题 1 分(A) other than(B) rather than(C) more than(D) better than你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参考：第三单元A other than 除了；rather than 而不是；more than 比多；better than 比好。【译文】 生产线使一个工人不可能做工作之外的任何事情。27. _ yourself to the job in hand
24、, and youll soon finish it. 本题 1 分(A) reply(B) imply(C) apply(D) supply你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C apply 适用，应用，运用；reply 回答，答复；imply 暗示，含有的意思； supply 供给，供应。【译文】你专心于手头的工作，很快就会完成的。28. Almost everything a manager does_ decisions; indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making. 本题
25、 1 分(A) imposes(B) improvises(C) involves(D) indicates你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C involve 牵涉； impose 强加（负担，任务等），征税；improve 改进，改善； indicate 指出，表明。【译文】一个管理者做的几乎所有的事情都离不开决策。确实，有人提出管理的过程就是做决定的过程。29. Many people like white color as it is a _ of purity. 本题 1 分(A) symbol(B) sign(C) signal(D) symptom你选择的
26、答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参考：第三单元 A symbol 象征；sign 征兆，记号；signal 信号；symptom 症状。【译文】许多人喜欢白色因为它象征着纯洁。30. The doctor told Penny that too much _ to the sun is bad for the skin. 本题 1 分(A) expansion(B) extension(C) exhibition(D) exposure你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元 D 此题考察 exposure to + n. 暴露在下， expansion 扩充，膨胀；ex
27、tension 延长；exhibition 展览。 【译文】医生告诉彭妮过度暴晒对皮肤不好。31. Dogs are often regarded _ the friends of human beings. 本题 1 分(A) being(B) be(C) as(D) of你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元 C 此题考察 as 的用法。regardas “把看作是” 【译文】狗通常被看作是人类的朋友。32. Air _ when heated. 本题 1 分(A) extends(B) expands(C) enlarges(D) increases你选择的答案： 未
28、选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元B expand 膨胀，扩充；extend 延长；enlarge 扩大，放大；increase 增加，增大。 【译文】空气遇热膨胀。33. The car went _ and crashed. 本题 1 分(A) in control(B) out of control(C) under control(D) off control你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元 B out of control 失去控制；in control 在控制之下； under control 在控制中；off control 没有这种用法。 【译文
29、】汽车失去控制，撞坏了。34. What he did will put him _ risk . 本题 1 分(A) at(B) in(C) to(D) for你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参考：第三单元A at risk 处于危险【译文】他的所作所为会将自己置于危险之中。35. As a little boy, he has _ too much responsibility. 本题 1 分(A) taken in(B) taken on(C) taken out(D) taken off你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元B take on 承担；ta
30、ke in 吸收，理解；take out 拿走；take off 起飞，脱掉。【译文】作为一个小孩，他承担了太多的责任。36. Suppose the people of the earth are using _ the oil resources soon. What will happen to our life? 本题 1 分(A) off(B) of(C) up(D) at你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元 C use up 用完，耗尽【译文】假如人们将耗尽地球上石油资源，那生活会怎样？37. We _ China _ the Great Wall. 本题 1
31、 分(A) associatewith(B) connect in(C) combine with(D) relatewith你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：A解答参考：第三单元 A associatewith 把联系起来；connectto/with 和有联系；combinewith 把结合起来；relateto 把联系起来。【译文】我们想起中国，就联想到长城。38. These products have been created to _ the requirements of the market. 本题 1 分(A) reach(B) answer(C) meet(D) sui
32、t你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：C解答参考：第三单元C meet the requirements 符合、满足要求 【译文】这些产品被制造出来以满足市场的要求。39. Its _ that this city has a population of more than 1,000,000. 本题 1 分(A) estimated(B) judged(C) appreciated(D) evaluate你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：D解答参考：第三单元 D Its estimated that 据估计 ； judge 判断；appreciate 鉴赏；evaluate 估价，定值
33、。【译文】据估计，这个城市人口超过一百万。40. Its very difficult to _ the meaning of a word without a context. 本题 1 分(A) describe(B) define(C) determine(D) decide你选择的答案： 未选择 错误正确答案：B解答参考：第三单元B define 下定义； describe 描绘，描写；determine 确定；decide 决定。【译文】脱离上下文，很难给一个词的意思下定义。五、阅读理解、完形填空题(共 5 道小题)41. Mars is the obvious first choi
34、ce for travel to other planets. Of all the other planets in the Solar System, Mars even with its present cold, hostile environment is the most like Earth. About half Earths diameter with one-third the gravity and only 1 percent of the atmosphere, spacecrafts have found that Mars nonetheless harbors
35、the important asset of water beneath its surface and in its frozen poles. Every two years its orbit draws it closer to Earth, and its presence in the night sky is a constant reminder of what might be. Last summer, it came within 34.6 million miles of Earth, its nearest approach in almost 60,000 year
36、s. Only Venus is closer, and with an average temperature of about 850 degrees, it is not welcoming. In contrast, Mars is pleasantly cool, from about 200 degrees below zero right up to freezing. From the presence of water and relatively temperate climate comes another powerful attraction. “The fascin
37、ation with Mars centers around the issue of life,” Dr. Zubrin said. “Mars is key to answering that critical question, is there life somewhere other than Earth?” Dr. Louis D. Friedman, executive director of the Planetary Society, said, “The fundamental question people want answered is Where am I from
38、 and where am I going?” He added, “Mars can tell us about the origin of life and the destiny of life. Finding evidence of past or present life, even if only primitive microbes, would mean that life did not occur only on Earth”, he said. “And”, he said, “Mars is the only planet we know of that humans
39、 have a chance of colonizing to prove they will not be forever Earth-bound.” “Mars becomes the experiment,” Dr. Friedman said. “If we cant make it on Mars, then Earth is our limit and we are going to have to re-examine our relationship to our home planet.” 共 5 题(1) Mars is the obvious first choice f
40、or travel to other planets, because_. 本题 2 分(A) Mars is cold and hostile (B) The environment of Mars is most similar to that of Earth. (C) Mars has about half Earths diameter, one-third the gravity and 1 percent of the atmosphere (D) Spacecrafts have found water on Mars. 你选择的答案：未选择 错误正确答案：B(2) Accor
41、ding to the passage, which of the following statement is true? 本题 2 分(A) Earth is cold and hostile, just like Mars. (B) Mars is much bigger than Earth. (C) Mars is closest to Earth of all the other planets in the solar system. (D) Venus isnt an ideal choice for man to travel because of its high temp
42、erature. 你选择的答案：未选择 错误正确答案：D(3) According to Dr. Zubrin, people are fascinated with Mars because _. 本题 2 分(A) Mars has water beneath its surface and in its frozen poles. (B) Mars has a relatively temperate climate. (C) Mars is key to answering “Is there life somewhere besides Earth?” (D) Mars is ver
43、y beautiful. 你选择的答案：未选择 错误正确答案：C(4) Which is NOT mentioned by Dr. Louis D. Friedman? 本题 2 分(A) Finding evidence of past or present life on Mars would mean that life did not occur only on Earth. (B) Mars can tell us about the origin of life and the destiny of life. (C) Mars is the only star that huma
44、ns have a chance of reaching. (D) If we cant make it on Mars, Earth has to be our limit. 你选择的答案：未选择 错误正确答案：C(5) We may describe this passage as _. 本题 2 分(A) entertaining (B) imaginative (C) scientific (D) humorous 你选择的答案：未选择 错误正确答案：C参考答案：第三单元; 第 5 小题：C 推断题。该篇文章谈论的是火星，并且给出了详细的数据和科学家们的论据，因此我们可以推断出这是一篇
45、科普文章，所以整篇文章的特征应该是“科学的”。42. For over a decade, the technique of distraction has been researched and successfully applied in clinical practice in order to reduce pain associated with certain medical procedures. Distraction techniques are based on the patients limited capacity for attention, resulting
46、in a reduction in the patients attention to the stimulus and therefore a reduction in the stimulus itself. It was assumed that the ideal distracter would require an optimum amount of attention involving various senses (visual, auditory and kinesthetic), an active emotional involvement, and participa
47、tion from the patient to compete with the signals of the harmful stimuli. The advanced distraction techniques (ADTs) recently developed use 3D images combined with dynamic audio stimuli, making the techniques more likely to meet the requirements of an ideal distracter than the traditional distraction methods such as watching a film or playing a simple computer game. The ADTs simulate real-life situations, and the possibilities are infinite. For example, until now users could choose between taking a flight, driving, downhill skiing, exploring buildings
