1、8B Unit 2 知识梳理一、词汇1. perform 表演（动词） performer 表演者（名词） performance 表演（名词）2. shine 闪耀，闪烁（动词） shiny 闪烁的（形容词）3. harm 伤害（动词） harmful 有害的（形容词） harmless 无害的（形容词）4. Help 帮助（动词） helpful 有帮助的 乐于助人的（形容词） helpless 无助的（形容词） helpfully 有帮助地（副词）5. use 使用（动词） useful 有用的（形容词） useless 无用的（形容词） usefully 有用地（副词）6. delig
2、ht 高兴（名词） delightful 高兴的（形容词）7. excite 使兴奋（动词） excited 兴奋的（形容词） exciteing 令人兴奋的（形容词） excitement 兴奋（名词） 8.end 尽头，末尾（名词） endless 无尽的（形容词）9.success 成功（名词） successful 成功的（形容词） successfully 成功地（副词） unsuccessful 不成功的（形容词） unsuccessfully 不成功地（副词）10.hope 希望（动词） hopeful 有希望的（形容词）hopeless 无望的（形容词） hopefully 有
3、希望地（副词）11.experience 经历，经验（动词，名词） experienced 有经验的（形容词）12.culture 文化（名词） cultural 文化的（形容词）13.state 陈述，说明（动词） statement 陈述，说明（名词）14.clear 清楚地，清澈的（形容词） clearly 清楚地（副词）二、词组1.go on a trip to去旅游 2. take you out 把 带出去e on 快点 4. have a fantastic time 度过愉快的时光5by underground 乘地铁 6. be away from 远离。7.by the w
4、ay 顺便问一下 8.have a birds-eye view 鸟瞰9.a symbol of 。的标志 10. at the entrance 在入口处11.at high speed 高速 12. stop doing sth 停止做某事13.stop to do sth 停下来做某事 14. later in the afternoon 下午的晚些时候15.wave to sb 向某人挥手 16. all the way 一路上17.scream with joy 高兴地尖叫起来 18.at the end of 在.末尾、尽头19.march along 沿.游行 20. march
5、 across 游行穿过21.show sb sth/ sth to sb 把某物给某人看 22.In all 总共23. has/have been to 去过某地 24.has/have gone to 去某地 25.go hiking 去远足 26.Chinese gardens 中国园林三、重点句型讲解1. It must be fun. Can I join you?在这个句子中， Must 表示肯定的或有把握的推测，意为：一定，准是.例如：This must be the book you want . 这一定是你想要的那本书。表示否定的推测用 cant ，意为：不可能。例如：Ou
6、r English teacher cant be in the office.He has gone to Beijing.我们英语老师不可能在办公室。他去北京了。2.I couldn/t stop taking photos with them. couldnt stop doing sth 可与 couldnt help doing sth 作同意句转换。因此，原句可改为：I couldn/t help taking photos with them另外：stop to do sth 表示:停下来做某事。这里的 to do sth 做目的状语。例如：The boy stopped to
7、listen ,but they heard nothing. 男孩停下来听，但什么也没听到。stop (from)doing sth 表示:阻止做某事 The heavy rain stopped them (from) going out . 大雨 阻碍了他们外出1. Ill show them to you when I come back show sth to sb =show sb sth sth 把某物给某人看 ，但当 sth 是人称代词 it them 时，只能用 .show sth to sb 结构。例如： Would you show me another one ?= W
8、ould you show another one to me?2. It seems he hasnt come back yet。看样子他还没回来。seem 表示：似乎，好像，其后可接句子，形容词或动词不定式，例如：Everyone seems very busy except us. 除了我们，大家好像都很忙He seems to know what he is doing？他似乎知道他在做什么？It seems that there is something wrong with this computer.他的电脑似乎坏了。3. It was really wonderful to
9、have a birds -eye view of Hong Kong a mordern city of tall buidings with lights shining in the evening.在傍晚，鸟瞰香港这个高楼林立、灯火通明的现代化都市，感觉真是美好have a birds -eye view of 意为：鸟瞰。with lights shining 在句子中作后置定语。例如：At Christmas in the western countries，you can see Christmas tree with colourful lights shining on th
10、em.在西方国家的圣诞节，你可以看到彩灯闪耀的圣诞树。4. It was fun to see so manyelephants marching down the street.看见那么多大象在街上行进真有趣。It is fun todo sth 是一常用句型，意为：做某事是有趣的。例如：It is fun to fly to the moon in the spaceship. 乘宇宙飞船去月球真有趣。see sb doing sth 意为：看见某人正在做某事。强调动作正在进行。see sb do sth 意为：看见某人做某事。强调动作已完成。试比较I saw him playing fo
11、otball on the playground. 我看见他正在操场上踢足球。I saw him play football on the playground. 我看见他正在操场上踢足球。（已踢完，现在不踢了）so, such 这两个词都有如此、这样 的意思。so 修饰形容词或副词，such 修饰名词，但如果 名词前有 much many little few 等词修饰时，不能用 such。例如：The weather is so fine these days. 这些天天气很好I have never seen such an interesting film. 我从未看过这样有趣的电影。
12、It is exciting to see so many places of interest. 参观这么多的名胜古迹是令人兴奋的。6.语法现在完成时（二）用法：（ 二）现在完成时表示动作发生在过去并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态。与其连用的时间状语有：so far，since+ 过去时间/从句，for+一段时间。例如：They have planted the trees since last year.他们从去年起开始植树。have been to 与 have gone to 如何区分 Have been to 与 have gone to ，请看：例句欣赏1I have just be
13、en to the post office .我刚刚去过邮局。2. My sister has never been to Guangzhou.我妹妹从未去过广州。3.They have been to Japan twice.他们去过日本两次。4.-Where are they? 他们在哪？-They have gone to Hawaii for their holiday. 他们去夏威夷度假了。5It cant be John. He has gone to the town.那不可能是月翰，他去镇上了。用法小结Have been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在不在那了。可与 ju
14、st, ever, never 等时间状语连用，也可接次数，表示去过某地几次，如例句 1，2，3，。Have gone to 意为“到某地去了”表示说话那个人不在现场，而是到了某地，或是在某地的途中，例如句 4，5。温馨提示：当 have been /gone to 后接地点副词 here, there 等时，应去掉介词 to. 例如：-Have you ever been to Qingdao?你去过青岛吗？-Yes, Ive been there once.是的，我去过那里一次。终止性动词与延续行动词终止性动词，又称短暂性动词或非延续行动词，它所表示的动词通常在一瞬间就能完成，不能与表示一
15、段时间的状语连用。如：I have left Beijing .(Yes)I have left Beijing for three days.(No)延续行动词表示动词可以延续一段时间，能够和表示一段时间的状语连用。如；Uncle Wang has lived in the city for five year.终止性动词只有转换成能够持续表示意义的动词或短语才能与表示一段时间的状语连用。那么，应该如何转换？常用的方法主要有以下几种：1.转换成： be+名词/形容词/副词/ 介词短语这种系表结构。如：join the army be a soldier/in the army ,diebe
16、dead ,leavebe away， arrive-be in/ atget marriedbe married begin startbe oncome go be in/ at stopbe over 等。如：The man took park in the Party 10years ago .I left Beijing three days ago.I have been away from Beijing for three days. 2.用延续行动词替换非延续行动词。:borrowkeep, buy -have 等。 如：Millie borrowed this book a
17、 week ago.-Millie has kept this book for a week.I bought the new computer a month ago.-I have had the new computer since a month ago.3.用：It is /has been +一段时间+since+从句 谓语动词用一般过去时 表示。如：She joined the club two yeas ago .-It is two yeas since she joined the club.4.用：一般时间+has passed+ since+从句 谓语动词用一般过去时
18、表示。如：Alan came here six months ago.-Six months has passed since Alan came here.5. He died 3days ago。同意句为：He has been dead for 3 days He has been dead since 3 days ago It is 3 days since he diedIt has been 3 days since he died四、单元话题记述游记应该先交代时间、地点和人物。接着按照时间顺序，叙述游程中的趣事。写游记要避免写成流水账，可用一些表示时间顺序的词或短语，如：fir
19、st，then，finally 等连接句子，起到承上启下的作用。每描述一件事时，可做简单评论。注意的是，写游记要用一般过去时。Last summer holiday ,my parents and I went to disney land. We had a good time there.First we went to the Cartoon World and saw Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse there.They were so lovely that I spend alot of time playing with them,then we went to Sleeping Beauty Castle. Sleeping Beauty was so pretty that we couldnt stop taking photos with her .In the evening, we had some western food there and I bought a Mickey Mouse purse for my friend .Atlast, my parents bought some stationery as souvenirs for me .What a wonderful time we had !
