1、江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习 句子类型 牛津版【要点提示】【要点概述】英语句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。1. 简单句由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成，其五种基本句型分别为：“主语 + 不及物动词” 、 “主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语” 、 “主语 + 系动词 + 表语” 、 “主语 + 双宾动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语” 、 “主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语” 。2. 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句（即分句）组成。常用的连词或副词有 and, but, or, then, so 等。3. 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。初中阶段要求掌握宾语从句
2、和状语从句的简单用法。【考点分述】句子类型的考点主要集中在复合句上面，下面就初中阶段需要掌握的复合句的用法作一归纳。1. 宾语从句1）由 that 引导的宾语从句。有大量的动词可以接that 引导的宾语从句，如 advise, agree, believe, decide, find, hear, hope, insist, know, learn, mean, realize, say, see, show, suggest, tell, think, wish 等。2）由连接代（副）词引导的宾语从句。这类连接代（副）词主要有 what, who, which, where, why, ho
3、w, whether, if 等。3）直接引语变间接引语时常用到宾语从句。2. 状语从句1）时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由 when, while, as, since, after, before, as soon as, till / until 等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：当主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如：I wont go out until my mother returns.2) 地点状语从句。地点状语从句通常由 where，wherever 等引导。3) 原因状语从句。原因状语从句通常由 because,since, as 等引导。其中需要我们注意
4、的是：because 和 so 不能同时出现一个句子中。例如：Because she failed again, so she was unhappy. （）She failed again, so she was unhappy. （）4) 条件状语从句。条件状语从句通常由 if, unless 等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：当主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如：If you will work hard, youll succeed. （）If you work hard, youll succeed. （）5) 目的状语从句。目的状语从句通常由 so that,
5、in order that 等引导。6) 结果状语从句。结果状语从句通常由 so, so .that, such . that 等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：在 such . that 引导的结果状语从句中，such 后接名词, 在 so . that 引导的结果状语从句中，so 后接形容词或副词。当名词前有 many, few, much, little 等词时，通常用 so，而不用 such。例如：Eric was so good at Maths that he got the first place in the Maths contest.He gave me such good a
6、dvice that I finished the task easily.Mike had so little money that he was unable to buy a mobile phone.7) 让步状语从句。让步状语从句通常由 even though, even if, although, though 等来引导。其中需要我们注意的是：在含有 although 或 though 引导的让步状语从句的复合句中，主句不能同时出现 but。例如：Although / Though he is famous, but he is not happy. （）Although / Th
7、ough he is famous, he is not happy. （）8) 方式状语从句。方式状语从句通常由 as 引导。9) 比较状语从句。比较状语从句通常由 as / so .as，than 等引导。【专项练习】. 请根据汉语句子意思，将下列句子译成英语。1. 她很早就到了。_2. 这种纸摸起来很柔软。_3. 你能把那本字典递给我吗？_ 4. 我停下来找那支钢笔，但没找到。_5. 上个月我们选了他当班长。_6. 我听见那个女孩在隔壁房间唱歌。_7. 他的女儿嫁给了一个工程师。_8. 湖里有许多鱼。_9. 这就是你想要的那本杂志。_10. 我认为他在八点前不会回来的。_. 请从各题后所
8、给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. We wont get there on time _ we leave early tomorrow morning.A. if B. unless C. when D. because( )2. _they had finished their work, they went home.A. When B. While C. After D. Until( )3. The students cant answer the question, _ it is too hard.A. before B. although C. afte
9、r D. because( )4. He didnt go home _the rain stopped.A. when B. after C. since D. until( )5. Have you found your gloves?Yes, they were lying _ I often put my watch.A. what B. which C. how D. where( )6. He wants to find a better job_ he canmake more money.A. as soon as B. so that C. where D. while( )
10、7. You must take the medicine_ you get well.A. while B. since C. till D. so( )8. The old man helped lots of children with their schooling, _he was not rich enough.A. if B. unless C. since D. though( )9. Why dont you join the basketball club? _I am not interested in it.A. Because B. For C. As D. Sinc
11、e ( )10. _ he is rich, _there is something that he cant buy.Yes. Such as friendship and love.A. Because, 不填 B. Though, 不填C. Because, so D. Though, but ( )11._he is old, he is healthy enough.A. If B. But C. As soon as D. Although( )12. _I thought the book was boring, the other students in my class li
12、ked it.A. So B. Because C. Although D. If( )13. You will make great progress_ you study very hard.A. if B. unless C. before D. until( )14. How long have you been collecting stamps? _I was ten years old.A. When B. Since C. Before D. After( )15._ I didnt feel well yesterday, I asked for leave.A. Altho
13、ugh B. But C. Unless D. Because( )16. Where is my radio?You lent it to me _ you were in the classroom yesterday.A. when B. where C. because D. before( )17. You should ask for your motherssuggestions _ you make your own decision.A. after B. beforeC. until D. as( )18. He met many difficulties _he wasl
14、ooking for his first job.A. before B. as soon asC. while D. until( )19. You can cross the street_ the traffic lights turn green.A. though B. but C. before D. after( )20. Well go climbing if it_ this weekend.A. wont rain B. isnt rainingC. wasnt raining D. doesnt rain( )21. Dont worry. I will help you
15、 _ I finish my work.A. while B. as soon as C. unless D. though( )22. _I was having dinner, Scott called me.A. Since B. While C. Because D. If( )23. She can run as fast_ her mother, she is only ten years old.A. as, though B. as, unless C. than, when D. than, as( )24. _you have come, you shouldnt go a
16、way soon.A. Although B. Because C. Since D. So that( )25. Do you mind _I go to visit your farm this weekend?A. if B. because C. as D. until( )26. The boy had been sent to hospital _the policemen came.A. as B. while C. when D. if( )27. Mary finds it easier to speak_ to writeA. as B. than C. so D. if(
17、 )28. He was watching TV_ the alien (外星人) came in.A. while B. as C. since D. when( )29. _ he refused my invitation, I was not angry with him.A. Because B. But C. Though D. As( )30. He ate _food _ he couldnt go to sleep quickly.A. so much, that B. so many, so C. so much, as D. so many, that . 同义句转换，每
18、空一词（含缩写） 。1. He went to sleep after eleven oclock.He _go to sleep_ eleven oclock.2. Put on your coat, and youll feel very warm._ you put on your coat, _feel very warm.3. He is too tired to go any farther.He is_ tired _ he cant go any farther.4. I will open the box if you dont let me know whats in it
19、.I will open the box _ you _ _ _ whats in it.5. Tom is so clever that we all like him.Tom is _ _ _ boy that we all like him. 下列各句带下划线部分中有一处错误，请找出并改正。1. He wont go home until the rain will stop. _2. Since her parents had died, so she had to work to support herself. _3. He was running on the playgroun
20、d such fast as he could. _4. He is very careful that he never makes mistakes. _5. Helen had gone out while her mother got home. _6. The building of our school is higher as that of their school. _7. I gave him such much help that he was moved to tears. _ 8. Though she was ill, she couldnt come to sch
21、ool. _9. He didnt come back since it was ten oclock. _10. Can you tell me that theres a bookstore near here? _ . 请根据句意，用适当的连接词填空，使句意完整、通顺。1. _he opened the window，a bird flew in.2. I havent heard from him _ he went abroad.3. He ran _fast _ no one could catch him.4. Jenny will not go swimming with us
22、 _she is too busy.5. I felt very sad_ the book was lost.6. Dont move just stay _ you are!7. Ill continue writing to her, _she never answers.8. He explained clearly _ we could understand.9. Dont leave the classroom_ you finish the test.10. She sings _ she walks.11. He wont come to the party _ he is i
23、nvited.12. _ she is only seven years old，she knows quite a lot.13. _he is not old, his hair is turning grey.14. The teacher didnt begin his class_ all the students were seated.15. _ James caught a bad cold yesterday, he had to stay at home.16. _ you go to bed earlier, you wont feel tired in the morn
24、ing.17. I was watching TV, _ my sister was listening to music.18. The classroom is not so clean_ it was yesterday.19. More and more foreigners are learning Chinese_ they can communicate well with the Chinese.20. _ I get to Guangzhou, I will write to you. 请选择适当的词语填空（每项限用一次） 。1. when, while, as, as so
25、on as, until, since(1) Its many years_the World War . (2) Ill tell you the good news _ I get there.(3) He didnt go to bed _11 oclock last night.(4) We were swimming in the river _ it started to rain.(5) Sports build our body_ reading builds our mind.(6) He jumps_ he goes along.2. so . that, such . t
26、hat, so that(1) The animals were _ lovely _I spent the whole day in the zoo.(2) Id like to arrive there 20 minutes earlier _I can have time for a cup of tea.(3) Its _a big fish _it needsmany people to catch it.3. because, since(1) _ you have grown up, you should not depend on your parents.(2) He cou
27、ldnt come to your party _ he was ill.4. although, though, but(1) _ it was so cold, he went out without a coat.(2) The article is excellent, _ it is very short.(3) Some people think winter is a bad season, _ its a good season for me because I love snow.5. if, unless, as, than(1) _ you come early, you
28、 will meet him.(2) He will come to your party _he has something else to do.(3) Li Jun is taller_ Li Ming.(4) Air is to man _water is to fish.参考答案句子类型专项练习. 1. She arrived quite early. 2. The kind of paper feels very soft. 3. Could you please pass me the dictionary? / Could you pleasepass the dictiona
29、ry to me?4. I stopped to look for the pen, but I found nothing. 5. We chose him as our monitor last month.6. I heard the girl singing in the next room. 7. His daughter married an engineer.8. There are many fish in the lake. 9. This is the magazine (that / which) you want.10. I dont suppose that he w
30、ill come back before eight oclock. 1-5 BCDDD 6-10 BCDAB 11-15 DCABD 16-20 ABCDD 21-25 BBACA 26-30 CBDCA. 1. didnt, until 2. If, youll 3. so, that 4. unless, let me know5. such a clever . 1. will stopstops 2. 去掉 so 3. suchas 4. veryso 5. whilewhen / before 6. asthan 7. suchso 8. ThoughBecause 9. sinc
31、euntil / till 10. thatif / whether. 1. When / After 2. since 3. so, that 4. if / because 5. because / after 6. where 7. though / although / even though / even if8. so that / in order that 9. before / until / unless 10. as 11. unless 12. Although / Though 13. Although / Though 14. until 15. Because 16. If 17. while 18. as 19. so that / in order that 20. As soon as / After / When . 1. (1)since (2)as soon as (3)until (4)when (5)while (6)as2. (1)so, that (2)so that (3)such, that 3. (1)Since (2)because4. (1)Although / Though (2)although / though (3)but5. (1)If (2)unless (3)than (4)as
