1、第一篇 中考语言基础知识第 5 课 七下 Units 1012课前预热中考词汇拓展重点易错单词1. start 开始；着手2. dumpling 饺子3. popular 受欢迎的；普遍的4. quite 相当；完全5. anything 任何东西；任何事物6. countryside 农村7. museum 博物馆8. painting 油画；绘画9. robot 机器人10. gift 礼物11. everything 一切；所有事物12. dark 黑暗的；昏暗的13. visitor 游客；访问者14. language 语言15. forest 森林词汇拓展1. potato（n.）
2、 potatoes （pl.）土豆；马铃薯2. special（adj. he would=hed 等） 。相关短语：would like sth. 想要某物；would like to do sth. 想要做某事；would like sb. to do sth. 希望/想要某人做某事。一般疑问句式及其回答：Would you like some.?的肯定回答为 Yes, please.；否定回答为 No, thanks.。Would you like/love to （do）.?的肯定回答一般为 Yes, Id love/like to.;也可用 Yes, please./All righ
3、t./Yes./OK.等；否定回答一般为 Id love/like to, but.; Im afraid not.等。【活学活用】A）句型转换。1. Would you like to take a vacation with us next summer? （作肯定回答） , .2. Would you like more noodles? （作否定回答） , . Im full.B）用所给词的适当形式填空。3. Hed like （go） camping with us.二、What did you do last weekend? 你上周末做了什么？I visited my uncle
4、. 我看望了我的叔叔。【例句展示】Did you go to the zoo? 你去动物园了吗？【归纳提高】一般过去时指在过去的某个时间里发生的动作或过去某个时间存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。该时态在句中的体现为谓语动词的过去式。有些不规则动词的过去式与原形相同，要注意区分。当句中动词为行为动词时，要借助 did 构成一般疑问句和否定句。但注意此时动词的过去式要还原成动词原形。【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Tony （play ） football every weekend when he was young.2. He put on his coat and （go）
5、 out.中考词语辨析一、cheap, expensive, high 与 low【例句展示】1. This cloth doll is very cheap.这只布娃娃很便宜。2. This watch is expensive. 这块表很贵。3. The price of this watch is too high.这块表的价格太高了。4. The price of this book is not low for me.这本书的价格对我来说不低。【辨异突破】expensive 与 high 涉及到价格 “高” ，而 cheap 与 low 涉及到价格“低” 。expensive 与 c
6、heap 是一组反义词，其主语必须是货物、物品本身，不能是价格。high 与 low 是一组反义词，其主语是价格,不能是物品本身。注：询问价格的句型：How much is/are.? =What is the price of.?【活学活用】根据汉语意思翻译句子。1. 这家超市的东西不贵。The things in the supermarket are not .2. 对他来说这房子的价格太高，买不起。The price of this house is too for him to afford.二、some 与 any【例句展示】1. We got some presents.我们得到
7、了一些礼物。2. They gave us some candies.他们给了我们一些糖果。3. Do you have any ping-pong balls?你有一些乒乓球吗？4. Im thirsty, could I get some water?我渴了，我可以喝些水吗？5. You can call me any time.你任何时候都可以打电话给我。【辨异突破】some 和 any 意为 “一些” ，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。some 常用于肯定句中；any 常用于否定句和疑问句，有时用于条件句和肯定句中，意为“任一” 。但是当用来征询对方意见，并期望得到肯定回答时，s
8、ome 也可以用在疑问句中。【活学活用】用 some 或 any 填空。1. We have books on history. But I dont have books on science.2. Would you like more cakes?No, thanks. Im full.3. If you want help, please call me.4. Could you please get me coffee?Sure.三、a number of 与 the number of【例句展示】1. A number of apples are red.许多苹果是红色的。2. T
9、he number of students is 2,000.学生的数量是 2 000 人。【辨异突破】1. a number of 意为“许多；大量” ，相当于 a lot of。后接名词复数，谓语动词用复数。2. the number of 意为“的数量” 。后接名词复数，谓语动词用单数。【活学活用】用 be 动词的适当形式填空。What the number of the students in your school?About two thousand. A number of them from England.四、much too, too much 与 too many【例句展
10、示】1. Its much too hot.天太热。2. There is too much water on the floor.地板上有太多水。3. Some old people think the little kids get too many gifts.一些老人认为小孩子们得到的礼物太多了。【辨异突破】1. much too 意为 “太” 。much 是用来加强 too 的，后接形容词或副词。2. too much 意为 “太多的” 。too 是用来加强 much 的，后接不可数名词；too much 也可作状语，修饰动词。3. too many 后接可数名词复数形式，意为“太多
11、” 。【活学活用】用 much too, too much 或 too many 填空。1. The young man drove fast. Its dangerous.2. Playing computer games is bad for your eyes.3. There are people in the room.4. You gave him money for the trip.五、surprise, surprised 与 surprising【例句展示】1. I was surprised at the news about his death. 他去世的消息令我感到震
12、惊。2. We meant to give you a surprise.我们本打算给你一个惊喜的。3. I am surprised to see him.看见他我很惊讶。4. The surprising thing was to hear so many animals are in danger.令人惊讶的事情是听到如此多的动物濒临灭绝。【辨异突破】1. surprised 作形容词，意为“感到惊讶的” ，描述人的情绪或状态。2. surprising 作形容词，意为“令人惊讶的” ，描述事或物。3. surprise 作名词，意为“惊讶”, to ones surprise 意为“令
13、某人惊讶的是” （一般作插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开） ；in surprise 意为“惊讶地” ，表示方式或态度。4. surprise 还可作动词，意为“使惊讶” 。【活学活用】用 surprise 的适当形式填空。1. To our , he failed in the test.2. We are to hear the result. 3. You certainly all the guests at the party.当堂检测一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。1. I dont have new to tell you.2. We went last summer
14、 vacation.3. What did Jim do?He his room.4. , he was not badly hurt.5. Lots of come to visit Shaoxing every day.二、根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。My friend Lisa from Australia visited my city（城市） last week. I showed her around the city.We visited the Clock Tower first. We 1 （到达） there at three oc
15、lock. The Clock Tower is very tall, so when we climbed to the top（顶部）, we felt 2 （疲倦的）. Then we went to City 3 （博物馆）. After that, we went to the movies. The next day, we visited Ladies Street. There are a lot of clothes stores. The clothes are 4 （便宜的） and beautiful. Lisa got some clothes as 5 （礼物） f
16、or her sisters. We went to Seafood Street on the third day. We 6 （买） some seafood. visit luck something clean camp We also had seafood in a restaurant. We ate 7 （相当） a lot of delicious food. Then we went to a concert（音乐会） in the evening. I was 8 （感兴趣的） in music. The weather was very sunny on the fou
17、rth day, so we went to a zoo. We saw 9 （不同的） kinds of monkeys in the zoo. The monkeys were funny. Lisa went back to Australia on Friday. She 10 （享受） the trip.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. The woman can speak four （lauguage）.2. I （wake） up late this morning.3. My uncle （grow） some roses in the garden last year.4.
18、 Dongting Lake is the second （large） fresh water lake in China.5. The mother bought a （love） doll for her daughter on her sixth birthday.6. When you see an （excite） TV play, you may get （excite）.7. Our country has many （nature） resources, but many of them are wasted or polluted.8. This kind of robot
19、 is （special ） designed for the old. It can look after the old people carefully.参 考 答 案课堂突破【中考重点单词与短语】 一、1. as 2. as/so much as 3. As usual 4. as, possible/you can二、cut them up 三、1. It 2. It 3. it 4. that【中考重点句型】 一、1. Yes, Id like/love to 2. No, thanks 3. to go二、1. played 2. went【中考词语辨析】 一、1. expens
20、ive 2. high二、1. some, any 2. some 3. any 4. some三、is, are四、1. much too 2. too much 3. too many 4. too much五、1. surprise 2. surprised, surprising 3. surprised当堂检测一、1. anything 2. camping 3. cleaned 4. Luckily 5. visitors 二、1. arrived/got 2. tired 3. Museum 4. cheap5. gifts/presents 6. bought 7. quite 8. interested9. different 10. enjoyed三、1. languages 2. woke 3. grew 4. largest 5. lovely 6. exciting, excited 7. natural 8. specially
