1、unit 3 the world online grammar 学案.单词拼写1Hed like to give her a lifetime (一生) of happiness.2I advise my company to abandon (放弃) this project.3All this is supposed to be helpful in training learners communicative competence (能力).拓展词汇4inventor n发明者，发明家invent vt.发明invention n发明5appointment n约会，预约；任命，委任
2、appoint vt.约定；任命巧记单词inventor invent or派生词appointment appoint ment.补全短语1stand for 代表，象征；支持，主张2make up 组成；编造3be supposed to 理应4for lack of 由于缺乏5be confident in 对有信心6set a good example to sb. 为某人树立好榜样7get annoyed with sb. 生某人的气8far from 距离远；远非，完全不1教材原句People often have to overcome failures before they
3、can accomplish something great.人们常常要战胜很多失败后才能取得伟大的成就。句型点拨before 引导的时间状语从句。佳句赏析It will not be long before we meet again.过不了多久我们会再次见面的。2教材原句I would rather tell him the truth than make an excuse.我宁可告诉他真相也不愿意找借口。句型点拨would rather do . than do .“宁愿做而不愿做” 。佳句赏析He would rather fail than cheat in the exam.在考
4、试中他宁可不及格也不会作弊。1(教材 P41)Thomas Edison was fired from his first two jobs for lack of competence.托马斯爱迪生因不能胜任他的前两份工作而被解雇。for (through) lack of 因缺乏The leaves turn yellow for lack of light.由于缺少光照，叶子变黄了。lack for 缺少；需要(a) lack of 缺少；不足；没有be lacking in 缺乏，不足She is easygoing, so she does not lack for friends.
5、她很随和，所以她不缺少朋友。You will not be_lacking_in support from me.我会永远支持你。名师点津 lacking 既是 lack 的现在分词形式，又是形容词，使用时要注意区分。competence n U，C能力，胜任；C 技能，本领He displayed thorough competence in dealing with the issues.他在处理这些问题时体现出了他全面的能力。competent adj. 有能力的；足以胜任的be competent to do sth. 有能力做某事Make sure the firm is_compe
6、tent_to_carry_out the plan.要确保这家公司有能力实行该项计划。2(教材 P41)They wouldnt have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams.如果他们放弃了自己的梦想，他们就不会取得成功。abandon(1)vt.放弃，丢弃；抛弃，遗弃；中止；陷入，沉湎于( 某种感情)abandon oneself to 沉湎于，放纵 (感情)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，废弃的He abandoned his wife and went away with all their mon
7、ey.他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。The father is trying his best to prevent his son from abandoning_himself_to the Internet.这位父亲正尽最大努力阻止他的儿子沉迷于网络。Didnt you see the abandoned house in the distance?你没看到远处那所废弃的房子吗？名师点津 在 abandon oneself to“沉溺于”短语中， to 为介词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。(2)n.放纵；放任with abandon 放任地The kids are playing j
8、okes with_abandon孩子们任意地开着玩笑。3(教材 P41)He was likely to be very upset, since I was supposed to meet him at the library.他可能很不高兴，因为我本应该在图书馆和他见面的。be supposed to 被期望，理应/ 必须，被认为Earth Day is supposed to be a day when every person promises to do something to help take care of our world.地球日就是理应每一个人在那一天都要承诺做一些
9、事情来帮助关爱我们的世界。He was supposed to be one of the most popular singers.他被认为是最受欢迎的歌手之一。(1)be supposed to 表示“ 理应、应该”之意时等同于 should 或 ought to。(2)be not supposed to do sth.意为“ 不应该做某事”，表示命令和禁止。(3)be supposed to have done 本该做 (而没做)Am I supposed to clean all the rooms or just this one?我是应该打扫所有的房间，还是只打扫这一间？You
10、are_not_supposed_to_leave here without my permission.没有我的允许，你们不准离开这里。He is supposed to have arrived an hour ago.他本应该一小时前就到了。4(教材 P41)I think Id better apologize to him tomorrow for not keeping the appointment.我想我最好明天因未能守约向他道歉。appointment nC约会，预约；C，U 任命；委任Will you accept the appointment as principal?
11、你会接受当校长的任命吗？(1)make an appointment 约会keep an appointment 守约by appointment 按约定，按事先约定的时间(2)appoint vt. 任命；委任，指定 (时间、地点)appoint sb. to be/as 任命某人为 You should phone his secretary if you want to make an appointment.如果想预约，你应该给他的秘书打电话。Wed better keep_the_appointment we made with the customer.我们最好遵守与顾客做出的约定
12、。Considering your experience in the field, we are glad to appoint_you_as our agent.考虑到你在这一领域的经验，我们很高兴指定你为我们的代理人。5People often have to overcome failures before they can accomplish something great.人们常常要战胜很多失败后才能取得伟大的成就。用法分析句中 before 引导时间状语从句。它在句中的译法灵活，常译为：在以前；以免；不然；才；还没来得及就Before I made a decision, I
13、thought carefully about it.我做的决定都是经过再三考虑的。Put that away before it gets broken.把它收好，免得砸碎了。He rushed out of the room before_I_could_say_a_word我还没来得及说一句话他就冲出了房间。It was some time before .过了多久才It wasnt some time before .没过多久就It will be some time before .要过多久后才It wont be long before .不久之后就It wasnt long be
14、fore he started to learn English.他不久就开始学英语了。It will be three hours before_he_arrives at the airport.他三小时之后才能到达机场。语法拓展It is/has been some time since .表示“自从以来已经有时间了”It is/has been more than two years_ since he graduated from university.自从他毕业以来，已经有两年多的时间了。6I would rather tell him the truth than make an
15、 excuse.我宁可告诉他真相也不愿意找借口。用法分析would rather do sth.than do sth.为固定句型，意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事”。He would rather lose his job than cheat the customers.他宁愿丢了工作，也不愿意欺骗顾客。He would rather leave the company than say sorry to the boss.他宁愿离开公司，也不愿向老板道歉。语法拓展would rather 后接从句时，从句用虚拟语气：用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。I wou
16、ld rather you_came_tomorrow我宁愿你明天来。联想发散 请补全下列表示“宁愿做而不愿做”的三种表达。prefer to_do .rather than do .prefer doing .to doing .would do . rather than do .单项填空1Owing to _ time, we cannot do more than what we have done.Alack of Blacking ofClacked of Dlack解析：选 A。lack 用作名词时，后面用介词 of 再接名词或代词作宾语；lack 用作动词时，是及物动词，不用介
17、词 of，故 B 项多介词 of；D 项缺介词 of，都予以排除；C 项是过去分词，不能作介词 to 的宾语，只有 A 项符合要求。2It was hard for them to _ their home. After all, they had lived there for almost 30 years.Aallocate BabandonCapproach Davoid解析：选 B。考查动词词义辨析。 allocate“分配” ；abandon“放弃；抛弃”；approach“接近”；avoid“ 回避，避免 ”。根据下文的信息“毕竟在这里生活了三十年 ”可知，上文指不愿意抛弃他们的
18、家园，故选 B 项。3Interviews are by _ only. If not, we will not arrange for anyone to meet the manager.Achance BintroductionCappointment Dassignment解析：选 C。根据下文的信息 “如果不的话，我们不会安排任何人见经理”可知，上文表示“会晤必须有预约” 。chance“可能性”；introduction“介绍”；appointment“预约”；assignment“分派(任务)”，根据句意应该选 C 项。4The fire has spread to the bu
19、ilding nearby. You should take action right away to keep it under control _ it is too late.Auntil BsinceCbefore Das解析：选 C。句意：大火蔓延到了附近的大楼，因此下文表示“你们应该趁着还不是太晚马上采取行动” ，连词 before 表示此意思，即“在为时太晚之前采取行动”。故 C 项正确。5Personally, I would rather exercise and eat a good diet than _ these weightloss pills if I hope
20、to lose some weight.Arisk take Brisk to takeCrisk taking Dto risk taking解析：选 C。连词 rather than 后面跟不带 to 的不定式，risk 后面跟动名词作宾语。故C 项正确。.选词填空make up, be confident in, get annoyed with, for lack of, stand for, far from1What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand_for?2If there is no rain this month, al
21、l the crops will die for_lack_of water.3I am_confident _in my oral English, for I have studied abroad.4He is beginning to get_annoyed_with_ me about my carelessness.5He once _made_upsome excuse about his daughter being sick.6I had to tell you that the project was far_from perfect.完成句子1彼得本打算在商界找一份工作，
22、但 2013 年在加拿大的一次不愉快的经历使他最终放弃了那个计划。Peter had intended to take a job in business, but he abandoned_that_plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2013.2你知道字母 BBC 代表什么吗？Do you know what the letters BBC stand_for?3我愿意和你一块去那儿，但我与律师有约。Id love to go there with you, but I have_an_appointment_with_my_
23、lawyer4在上月被调查的 2 000 名股票投资者中，发现 90%的人缺乏金融知识。Of the 2， 000 stock investors surveyed last month, 90% were found lacking_in_financial_knowledge5他们在出去之前总是先把卧室收拾好。They always clear up their bedrooms before_they_go_out6为了使全队队员表现得更好，教练员首先必须了解他们的强项和弱点。To make members of a team perform better, the trainer fi
24、rst of all has to know their_strengths_and_weaknesses7众所周知，计算机远非破坏就业而是创造就业。As is known to us all, computers can create employment far_from_destroying_jobs8自从现代奥运会首次举行以来，已有 100 多年了。It_is/has_been_more_than_100_years since the first modern Olympic Games were held.语境翻译汤姆是个优秀的销售员。他成功地 (succeed in) 卖出了大量
25、的小汽车。为此，老板决定提拔他。但是，他宁愿 (would rather) 不当 (be appointed as) 经理，也不愿 (than) 放弃 (abandon) 提升业务能力 (competence)。然而，两天前，未征得他的同意，老板便在会议上宣布提拔他。他忍无可忍 (stand)，立刻离开了会议室，到处都看不到他的身影 (nowhere to be seen)。Tom is a good seller.He had succeeded in selling masses of cars, for which his boss decided to promote him. But
26、 he would rather not be appointed as the manager than abandon improving his business competence.However, his boss declared a decision to give him a rise without his permission at a meeting two days ago.Tom couldnt stand it, left the meeting room immediately and was nowhere to be seen.对应学生课下能力提升(十).单
27、项填空1The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being _ to the care of strangers.Adismissed B abandonedCstood Dquit解析：选 B。句意：研究表明老年人很害怕被遗弃给陌生人照顾。abandon“ 舍弃，抛弃”，符合句意。2Terrorism in the world means more deaths and heavier losses and _， its our duty to fight against it.Ahowever BthereforeCotherwi
28、se Dbesides解析：选 B。 “恐怖主义给世界带来的是死亡和巨大的损失”这一上文和“我们有义务与之作斗争”之间构成的是因果关系。故要用 therefore 表示因果关系。3This organization is a popular community, I think, _ the benefit of the majority of people.Astands for Bstanding forCcompetes for Dcompeting for解析：选 B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我认为这个组织是一个受欢迎的团体，它代表着大多数人的利益。I think 是插入语，句中已有谓
29、语动词，故可排除 A、C 两项；stand for“代表”，现在分词在句中作后置定语；compete for“为竞争”。4It is suggested that a new president be_ for this college.Acreated BappointedCestimated Daccumulated解析：选 B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人建议给该大学任命一位新院长。appoint“任命”，符合句意。create“创造” ；estimate“估计”； accumulate“积累，积聚”。5The father is sure that his son has got th
30、e _ of managing the company after the study abroad.Aconfidence BcompetenceCsatisfaction Dcontent解析：选 B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲相信他的儿子在海外学习之后已具备了管理公司的能力。competence“能力，技能”，符合句意。confidence“信心”； satisfaction“满足，满意”；content“内容”。6With the price of houses rising sharply, more and more young people prefer _ a house _
31、 one.Ato rent; to buyBto rent; to buyingCrenting; rather than buyDrenting; to buying解析：选 D。prefer 用于两个句型：prefer to do rather than do 和 prefer doing to doing，故本题选 D 项。7(四川高考)_ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.AWhen BHowCWhat DThat解析：选 C。考查名词性从句。句意：你在会上所说的话描述了公司的光明前景。分
32、析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语，故用 what。8(湖南高考)Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.Aoccurred it Bit did occurCit occurred Ddid it occur解析：选 D。考查倒装。句意：迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为他班上的一名尖子生。否定词 not 置于句首，所以此处用部分倒装。9Though we use the bulb every day, not everyone know the _ who
33、brought it into our life.Adiscovery BinventorCinvention Dinvent解析：选 B。句意：虽然我们天天用电灯，但并不是所有的人都知道发明它的发明家。inventor“发明家” ，符合句意。10(辽宁高考)What are you doing out of bed, Tom？Youre_to be asleep.Asupposed BknownCthought Dconsidered解析：选 A。句意：汤姆，你不在床上，你在做什么？你应该上床睡觉了。be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”，为固定短语，符合句意。.阅读理解
34、ATaking a picture of your tongue with a mobile phone could soon instantly tell you how healthy you are.Researchers believe the images can reveal important information about a patients health and even give them early warning of serious illness.A team at the University of Missouri is developing a syst
35、em that can analyze pictures using a 5，000yearold Chinese principle, which is based on the flow and balance of positive and negative energies in the body, and uses the tongue as a key to learning about a persons physical health, or “zheng” according to Chinese medicine.“Within a year, our goal is to
36、 create an application for smartphones that will allow anyone to take a photo of their tongue and learn the status of their zheng， ” said Dong Xu, chair of MUs Computer Science Department in the College of Engineering and the coauthor of the latest study.The software analyzes images based on the ton
37、gues color and coating to distinguish between tongues showing signs of “hot” or “cold” zheng.Shades of red and yellow are associated with hot zheng, whereas a white coating on the tongue is a sign of cold zheng.“Hot and cold zheng doesnt refer directly to body temperature， ” said Xu, “rather, it ref
38、ers to a series of symptoms associated with the state of the body as a whole.”For the study, 263 gastritis (胃炎) patients and 48 healthy volunteers had their tongues analyzed.The gastritis patients were classified by whether they showed infection by a certain bacteria as well as the intensity of thei
39、r gastritis symptoms.In addition, most of the gastritis patients had been previously classified with either hot or cold zheng.This allowed the researchers to test the accuracy of the softwares analysis.“Our software is able to classify people based on their zheng status.And as we continue to work on
40、 the software we hope to improve its ability， ” said another coauthor Ye Duan, “eventually everyone will be able to use this tool at home using webcams or smartphone applications, which will allow them to monitor their zheng and get an early warning about possible ailments ”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍智能手机的一项新用
41、途。美国的研究人员正在开发一套系统，让人们用手机给自己的舌头拍照，然后通过观察舌头来了解自己的健康状况，及早发现疾病的苗头。1The software mentioned in the passage is based on_Athe latest development of smartphonesBa traditional Chinese medical principleCthe changes in ones flow and energyDsymptoms related with the state of the body解析：选 B。细节理解题。根据第二段首句中的 “analy
42、ze pictures using a 5，000yearold Chinese principle”可知，该系统利用有五千年历史的中国法则分析图像。因此选 B。2According to Chinese medicine, zheng refers to_Aones body temperatureBthe physical health of a personCthe possible disease of a personDthe color and coating of ones tongue解析：选 B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “uses the tongue as a key
43、to learning about a persons physical health, orzheng”可知，zheng 指的就是前面说的 a persons physical health。3The study led by Dong Xu proves_Athe effect of the softwareBthe softwares great prospectCthe advancement of smartphonesDthe greatness of Chinese medicine解析：选 A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “Our software is able to cl
44、assify people based on their zheng status.”可知，这是他们取得的成就，即这个软件的效果，因此选 A。4The underlined word “ailments” can be replaced by“_”Aanalysis BeffectsCillnesses Dapplications解析：选 C。词义猜测题。画线词处的语境说，人们使用网络摄像头或智能手机的应用软件就能监测自己身体的正气，并得到关于 ailments 的早期警告信息，由此判断该词指疾病，因此选 C。5It can be inferred from the passage that_
45、Athe software still needs improvementBthe subjects in the study are all gastritis patientsCthe software has been in market for a yearDthe subjects in the study are classified by age解析：选 A。推理判断题。最后一段谈到研究小组继续努力完善该软件，希望提高该软件的能力，也就是说，他们研发的这个软件还需要改进。B For a stayathome mom, a computer with an Internet con
46、nection can truly be a lifeline (救生索)When diapers and baby talk become just too much, adult talk is just a click away. But for some moms, the attraction of the online world becomes too strong to resist and instead of being an occasional thing, it becomes an addiction (瘾)Coleen Moore of the Illinois
47、Institute for Addiction Recovery says she is seeing a growing number of young stayat home moms for whom blogs and social networking have become a passion, which will harm their realworld lives.At present, Internet addiction is not officially recognized as a mental disorder.But a recent survey showed
48、 14 percent of Internet users find it hard to stay away from their computers for several days at a time, and that 8 percent use the Web to escape problems.Considering this, it is probably just a matter of time before it is.What drives a mom to the Internet is not different from what drives an alcoholic to drink: an
