1、句子翻译,1. 假如你明天再迟到，你将被炒鱿鱼。 If you are late again tomorrow, you will be fired. 2. 假如我是一只鸟，我会在空中自由自在地飞翔。If I were a bird, I would fly freely in the sky.,英语中 的语气,陈述语气,祈使语气,虚拟语气,freely,If I were a bird, I would .,虚拟语气,定义:,虚拟语气表示不可能实现的愿望、想象和非真实的假设、猜测或建议。,表现形式:,通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。,一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语
2、从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气五、状语从句中的虚拟语气六、几种特殊的虚拟语气,虚拟语气的主要内容:,if,真实条件句,非真实条件句（用虚拟语气）,Exercises,1. If I _ (be) not at office tomorrow, you can leave the documents to my secretary 2. If you heat ice, it _ (turn) to water 3. If he _(write) the letter, Ill post it,am,will turn/turns,has written,If I _ yo
3、u, I _ (buy) the house right now. He is very busy now. If he _(have) time, he _ (come) to see me.,一般过去时 (be 动词 用were),would should + do could might,were,would buy,had,would come,If the sun _(rise) from the west tomorrow, I _(lend) you some money. If the earth _(stop) turning, what _( happen)?,一般过去时
4、(be 动词 用were) were to do should do,would should + do sth could might,rose,would lend,were to stop,would happen,1. Mike failed in the exam. If he hard, he,had worked,would have passed the exam.,过去完成时,would should + have done could might,非真实条件句中的虚拟语气,Practice,. I am not free today. If I _（be）free toda
5、y, I _ (go) and visit some of my friends .2. We missed the bus. Mother complained “If we _ (arrive) here ten minutes earlier, we _(catch) the bus.” 3. - Do you think Tom will come to my party?- No. If he _(come), I would be very glad.,were,would go,had arrived,would have caught,were to come,非真实条件句中的
6、虚拟语气,假如我是你，我会放弃吸烟的。 If I were you, I would give up smoking. Were I you, I would give up smoking. 非真实条件句要注意1: 条件句If 可以省略，条件句变为倒装句 若非真实条件句中有 were, had, should 等词时，可省略 if, 而将 were, had, should 移到句首。,Translate the sentence,Practice ：Say them in another way,If I had had time, I would have run round that
7、lake again. = _ time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? =_a flood, what should we do?,Had I had,Should there be,Fill in the blank: 1. Mike failed the college entrance exam. His mother said to him “ If you _ (work) hard at school, you _( be) a coll
8、ege student now.非真实条件句要注意2: 错综时间条件句(混合条件句）：主句和条件句用不同的时态，主句和从句中的动词根据各自所表示的动作发生的时间，采用前面表格中相应的形式。,had worked,would be,Practice,1. If you _ (prepare) for your lessons yesterday, you _ (have) so many difficulties now. 2. If I were you, I _ (take) his advice. Look, you have so many problems working out th
9、e matter. 3. If you _ the doctor, you _all right now. 4. I only got the third prize. If I _(get) the first prize, I _ (fly) to London to have a one-week journey next month.,had prepared,wouldnt have,would have taken,had got,would fly,had listened to,would be,Fill in the blank,1. Without air, there _
10、(be) no living things. 非真实条件句要注意3: 含蓄非真实条件句： 不用if从句表示条件，而用without, but for(要不是）otherwise, supposing (假设)等表示假设，或者通过上下文的语境来代替条件句。,would be,Practice,1. But for the storm, we _ (arrive) earlier . 2. She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she _(leave) the meeting so early. 3. Supposing there is no electr
11、icity, life _(be) quite different toady. 4. I _(help) you, but I was too busy.,would have arrived,wouldnt have left,would be,would have helped,综合练习：语法填空,It is necessary that we keep in mind yesterday, make good use of today and think about tomorrow.If there _(be) the Communist Party（共产党）, there woul
12、d not have been the foundation of New China. If China had not opened to the world, we _ (lead) a poor life now. _ the development of our country, we wouldnt enjoy the rich life today.,had not been,would lead,Without,综合练习2：完成句子,1.A girl applicant complained “ _ I a boy, they _me the job.” “我要是男的，他们就会
13、把这份工作给我。” 2. But for the kind man, he _ of hunger 30 years ago. 要不是那个好心人，他三十年前就会死于饥饿。 3.I was caught in a traffic jam. Otherwise _here by lunchtime.我堵车了。否则午饭前就到了。 4. 如果我们没有误了那趟火车，现在我们正在家里吃晚饭。If we _, we _ supper at home now.,would have given,were,would have died,I would have arrived,had not missed,w
14、ould be having,综合练习3： Multiple Choice,1. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the library in my hometown. (02上海) A.wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C.should fall D. were to fall 2._ for the free tickets, I wouldnt have gone to the fi
15、lms so often.(上海95) A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not 3. If you _ him yesterday, you would know what to do now. A. asked B. ask C. had asked D. would have asked,Translate the sentences into Chinese,1. She takes care of the orphan as if he were her own child. 2. Th
16、e two strangers talked as though they had been friends for years. 3. He talks about Mars so excitedly as if he would go to live there tomorrow.,虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中的运用,as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中的虚拟语气,Practice :fill in the blanks 1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if _ (be) broken. 2. His grandpa remembers what happened in his childhood exactly as if it _ (happen) yesterday. 3 There are dark clouds in the shy. It looks as if it _ (rain). 4. The 19-year-old man talked as if he _( take) part in the World War II.,were,had happened,is going to rain,had taken,
