1、八年级下册 Unit2 技能训练阅读进阶 Graded reading上一期，我们学习了如何归纳段落的中心。这一期，我们将研究如何归纳文章的中心。归纳文章的中心在许多阅读理解的设题中，最后一题往往会考查对文章主要内容的概括，这也是考查考生归纳文章中心思想的能力。要做好这类题，我们也有一定的解题步骤和技巧。这一期，我们来共同学习归纳文章中心的技巧。下面，请仔细阅读以下例题。【例题】阅读下面的短文，并完成短文后的题。Korean culture is really popular now. The Korean Wave is sweeping most Asian countries inclu
2、ding China. Young people are going crazy about Korean TV dramas, Korean pop songs and the Korean language. The Korean Wave started a few years ago with the TV series Winter Sonata. People, especially girls, like the beautiful love story and the handsome actors like Bae Yong Jun.In the music world, K
3、orean stars are making themselves heard in China. You can often find big Korean names like SISTAR, G-Dragon and EXO at the top of the Chinese music charts(排行榜 ).The Korean Wave has also made young people want to try the clothes and hairstyles of pop stars, too. Whats the main idea of this passage?A.
4、 Korean music is very popular in China. B. Many young people like Bae Yong Jun.C. The Korean Wave makes Korea famous. D. The Korean Wave is very popular in many Asian countries. 来源:gkstk.Com【解题步骤指导】第一步：扫读短文内容，观察文章中是否存在文章主旨句或各段落主旨句；第二步：找出各段落的主旨句或归纳各段落的中心；第三步：若文章有篇章主旨句，确认该主旨句能否覆盖各段落的主旨大意；若文章中没有篇章主旨句，在
5、归纳出各段落主旨后进行进一步的归纳，得出篇章主旨；第四步：对比选项内容，选出最正确、最能覆盖全文内容以及最能表达作者观点的选项。【解题过程详解】该文章共包含四个段落。开篇即点题：“ 韩流” 如今正席卷包括中国在内的大多数亚洲国家。接下来，第二、三、四段分别介绍了韩国的电视剧、音乐和发型服饰的盛行。由此可见，该文章的主旨句高度总结了全文的内容。然后，我们再来读一读题后选项的内容。A 项说“韩国的音乐在中国很流行” ；B 项说“ 很多年轻人喜欢裴勇俊” ；C 项说“韩流使韩国闻名”；D 项说“ 韩流 在许多亚洲国家很流行”。显然，A、B 两项只是文章主旨的一部分；C 项并不是文章的主旨；只有 D
6、项与文章的主旨句相吻合，故 D 为正确答案。【总结】在归纳文章主旨大意时，我们一定要在尊重原文的基础上，做到全面、准确、客观，避免以偏概全、以次充主。练一练阅读下面的短文，并完成短文后的题。来源:学优高考网 gkstkNo one knows how man learned to make words before. Perhaps he began with making sounds like those made by animals. As the centuries went by, he made more and more new words. This is what has
7、become language. Today there are about fifteen hundred different languages in the world. Each contains four or five hundred thousand words. But we do not need all these words. Only a few thousand words are used in everyday life. 来源:学优高考网The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try t
8、o make your vocabulary larger by reading as many books as you can. There are plenty of books written in simple language. Your dictionary is your most useful book.Which would be the best title for this passage?A. How to make words. B. Peoples languages and words.C. How to learn words. D. Different la
9、nguages in different countries. 写作进阶 Graded Writing上一期，我们学习了按照时间顺序介绍经历。这一期，我们将学习如何按照时间顺序介绍过程。按时间顺序组织段落（二）想要正确完整地完成某一个过程，我们需要遵循一定的程序或步骤。当我们向别人介绍这一过程时，也需要按照正确的程序或步骤来进行陈述。接下来，我们在下面的例题中一起来体会如何按照时间顺序介绍过程。【例题】本周末，你们班准备举办一次聚会。在聚会上，大家想亲自动手制作一些喜欢吃的东西。很多同学爱吃牛肉三明治，请你根据下表所给的材料，写出制作牛肉三明治的过程。100 词左右。原料 面包 2 片；牛肉
10、3 片；奶酪 1 茶匙；青椒(green pepper) 1 个；洋葱 1 个；蘑菇少许；佐料 (relish) 2茶匙 过程 1. 将奶酪涂抹在面包上；来源:学优高考网 gkstk2. 将青椒和洋葱切碎放在面包上；3. 加蘑菇和牛肉片；4. 加佐料；5. 在最上面放另一片面包。【题目分析及写作过程】该篇书面表达是一篇要求介绍过程的短文。介绍牛肉三明治的制作过程，可采用时间顺序来进行写作。首先，列出与内容相关的名词短语并明确不可数名词表示计量的方法，即：数字+量词+ of + 不可数名词。如：2 slices of bread, 3 slices of beef, 1 teaspoon of
11、cheese, 1 green pepper, 1 onion, a few mushrooms, 2 teaspoons of relish。其次，列出操作过程中可能用到的动词词组，如：put.on., cut up, add.to.等。然后，明确祈使句的正确用法并列举文中可能用到的句型，特别是 first, next, then, finally 四个副词的用法。最后，落笔成篇。【范文】Now, let me show you how to make a delicious beef sandwich. Before you make it, you should prepare the
12、following things: 2 slices of bread, 3 slices of beef, 1 teaspoon of cheese, 1 green pepper, 1 onion, a few mushrooms and 2 teaspoons of relish. The first step is to put some cheese on a slice of bread. And then cut up a green pepper and an onion. Add these to the sandwich. Next, put some mushrooms
13、and the beef slices on the sandwich. Then, put the relish on the beef. Finally, put the other slice of bread on the top. 小练习Betty 收到笔友 Mike 询问爆米花制作过程的来信。以下是她写的回信内容，但是句子的顺序被打乱了。请你按照步骤将其重新调整顺序。 Dear Mike, I like popcorn very much and I have learned from my mother about how to make popcorn recently. Wa
14、it for several minutes. Next, turn on the popcorn machine. And add some salt to the popcorn. Finally, you can eat the popcorn. Now, let me show you the process. First, put the maize into the popcorn machine. Then, pour the popcorn into the bowl. Best wishes! Yours, Betty正确顺序：_八年级下册 Unit2 技能训练参考答案练一练B小练习正确顺序：
