1、Unit 2 How often do you exercise?Section A知能新视窗本节主要学习频度副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never, once a week等的含义和用法，并能就 how often来谈论日常活动；掌握一般现在时态的结构与用法。名师开小灶1. What do you usually do on weekends?周末你通常做什么？(1) usually作副词，表示“通常地”，其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中（在系动词、情态动词、助动词之后，在实义动词之前）或句尾。但在否定句中常位于句中。
2、如：She usually have lunch at school.她通常在学校吃中饭。Usually I play basketball with my classmates after school.我通常放学后和同学们一起打篮球。He doesnt usually watch TV.他并不通常看电视。【链接】always 总是，一直；usually 通常；often 经常；sometimes 有时；hardly ever几乎不；never 从不；它们都是频度副词，表示的频率由 always向 never递减。(2) on weekends 意为“在周末 ”。其中“on+时间名词（具体的
3、某日）”表示某一特定时间。如：on Sundays在星期日 on September 1sth 在九月一日【辨析】常用于时间之前的介词 in, on, at的用法。 in 表示一段时间，常用于年、月、季节。如：in 2007在 2007年 in March在三月 in summer在夏天 on 表示地某一天，常用于星期、日期或某天的上午、下午、晚上。如：on Saturday在星期六 on the morning of October 10th在十月十日的上午 at 则用于时间点之前。如：at eight oclock 在八点钟【归纳】一些固定短语中的介词。如：at night在夜晚 in t
4、he night在夜晚 in the day在白天2. How often do you watch TV?你长时间看一次电视？how often表示“多长时间一次”，用来提问某一段时间内进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是 never, usually, sometimes, often, twice a day等表示频度的副词或短语。如：How often do you go shopping?你多长时间去购物一次？ Once a week.一周一次。【链接】how long 与 how soon(1) how long主要用来提问多长时间。答语通常是 two days, three month
5、s, four years, five hours等表示一段时间的状语。如：How long may I keep the book?我可以借这本书多长时间？Two weeks.两周。(2) how long也可用于指“长度”。如：How long is the Great Wall?长城有多长？(3) how soon 用来回答“in+ 一段时间”的状语，且谓语时态为一般将来时或现在进行时表示将来的动作。如：How soon will you go to Shanghai?你多久去上海？In a day.一天后。3. Twice a week.一周一次。(1) twice是一个频度副词，表示
6、 “两次”。英语中表示次数的除 “一次”为once，“两次”为 twice之外，其他都用“基数词+times”来表示。如：three times三次(2) 要表示某一动作在某一段时间内发生的频率，则用“次数+一段时间”，也是对how often引导的特殊疑问句的回答。如：How often does your brother come home?你兄弟多长时间回家一次？Three times a year.一年三次。4. He sometimes watches TV.他有时看电视。(1) sometimes有时，表示动作的不经常性，多用于现在或过去时态。如：She sometimes hel
7、ps her mother clean the house.她有时帮妈妈打扫房子。【辨析】sometime, some times, some timesometime 副词，意为“某时”，表示在过去或将来的某个时候，指的是时间点，用于过去时或将来时，对它提问用 when。如：I will buy a computer sometimes next week.我要在下周的某个时候买台电脑。My father came back from New York sometime last month.我父亲上月某个时候回来了。some times 意为“几次（倍）”，time 是可数名词。如：The
8、 teacher asked her to copy the word some times.老师叫她把那个单词抄写几遍。 some time 用作名词短语，指“一段时间”。如：I waited for you for some time.我等你一些时候了。【拓展】表示“有时”的短语有：at times(2) watch用作及物动词，意为“观看，注视，监视”，指非常仔细地，有目的地看，常与电视、比赛等搭配。如：I watched the children playing games.我观看孩子们在做游戏。They are going to watch the football game thi
9、s evening.今晚他们要去看那场足球赛。【辨析】look, see, watchlook 是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词 at，指看的过程，强调有意识的动作。如：Look! Its going to rain.看！天要下雨啦。Please look at the blackboard. 请看黑板。see 既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，强调看的结果，即“看见，看到”，但不一定是有意识的。如：Let me see!让我想想！Can you see the birds in the tree?你看见树上的鸟儿吗？另外，see 也用于一些短语中。如：see a doctor 看医生, se
10、e a movie 看电影5. Most students exercise three or four times a week.大部分学生一周锻炼三、四次。(1) most作形容词，意为“多数的，大部分的”，用于修饰名词。如：Most schools have computers.大部分学校有电脑。【链接】all, some, no这三个词如 most一样，都作形容词，修饰名词。all 意为“所有的，全部的”，指三者或三者以上，指全部，some 意为“一些”，指一小部分，no 意为“没有的”，指全部分否定。如：All students went to the park.所有的学生去公园了。
11、Some boys are playing soccer.一些男孩在踢足球。No answer is right.没有一个答案是对的。(2) exercise在本句中作动词，意为“运动，锻炼”。如：We exercise one hour every day.每天我们锻炼一个小时。【链接】exercise 可作名词，表示“体育锻炼，运动”时，是不可数名词；表示“练习，体操”时，是可数名词。如：Swimming is good exercise.游泳是很好的运动。We do morning exercises every day.每天我们做早操。6. As for homework, most
12、students do homework every day.至于家庭作业，大部分学生每天得做。as for意为“至于，关于”，用于说话时提及的另一个人或事，或事物的另一个方面。其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。如：As for the report, I think it was written by Li Hong.至于那份报告，我认为是李洪所写。【拓展】as 的相关短语:as if / as though好像 as well也；又 as well as既又；与一样7. Here are the results of the student activity survey at Green
13、 High School.下面是格林高中学生活动调查的结果。The results for “watch TV” are interesting.“看电视”的调查结果很有趣。(1) 这两句中的 the results of和 the results for的意思相近，都表示“的结果”。(2) interesting作形容词，表示“有趣的，引起人兴趣的”，可作表语，也可作定语，用来修饰“物”。如：The story is very interesting. 那则故事非常有趣。This is an interesting movie. 这是一部有趣的电影。8. hardly ever几乎不Hard
14、ly ever与 hardly意思相同，都是表示频度的副词，其意义是否定的，常用来修饰表示能力的词，表示事实上不可能。如：He hardly (ever) plays the computer games on school days.他在上学的日子里几乎不玩电脑游戏。【拓展】表示否定意义的词还有：never, seldom, few, little。【归纳】含有否定意义的词的反意疑问句的附加问句用肯定形式。如：Jack hardly ever does exercise in the morning, does he?实战演练场夯实基础一、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。1. Wang Tao
15、 likes sports very much. He always e_ one hour every morning.2. My favorite TV p_ is Animal World.3. The students are very a_ when the teacher asks them to play games.4. Do you know the r_ of the exam, Lucy? 5. When do you usually get up? At a_ 6 oclock.二、用所给词的恰当形式填空。1. Li Lei likes going _ (skatebo
16、ard) on Sundays.2. How often do you watch TV? _ (two) a week.3. Please do a survey about the student _ (active).4. The story is very _ (interest). I like it very much.5. Maria often _ (shop) in Xinxin Supermarket on Friday night.三、单项选择。( ) 1. _ do you visit your uncle? Three times a month.A. How soo
17、n B. How long C. How often D. How much( ) 2. What _ do you like best? Skateboarding.A. sport B. show C. program D. subject( ) 3. “65% of students in our class like reading English”means (意思是) “_ students in our class like reading English”A. All B. Most C. Some D. No( ) 4. Lily _ goes to the movies w
18、ith her friends.A. sometime B. sometimes C. some times D. some time( ) 5. I often go to the English club _ weekends.A. in B. by C. on D. about四、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。1. 李明总是在周末上网。Li Ming always _ _ _ on weekends.2. 至于活动课，我们几乎没有。_ _ activity classes, we _ _ have any.3. 我们可以一周练习一两次钢琴。We can practice the piano
19、_ _ _ a week.4. 这次的考试结果使我感到吃惊。_ _ _ this exam surprises me.5. 她从不在晚上九点之后做作业。She _ _ _ after nine oclock at night.五、句型转换。1. I usually play soccer on weekends. (就划线部分提问)_ do you usually _ on weekends?2. Mike watches TV once a week. (就划线部分提问)_ _ _ Mike watch TV?3. Sam does his homework after school. (改
20、为否定句)Sam _ _ his homework after school.4. We like watching Animal World. (就划线部分提问)_ do you _ _?5. Many students play sports every day. (就划线部分提问)_ _ do many students play sports?能力提高六、阅读理解。上星期，John 和他的同事在 Hope Junior School 调查了该校学生收看电视的情况。以下是他们所做的两份调查表。Total number(总人数)Number of intervieweesGrade 7 1
21、82 150Grade 8 176 147Grade 9 173 123Boys 312 266Girls 219 154How oftenEvery dayOnce a weekTwice or three times a week23% 8% 57%Less than (少于)1 hourBetween 1 and 2 hoursOver 2 hoursHow long24% 52% 24%morning evening nightWhen4% 83% 2%根据调查表内容，补全 John的调查报告。Last Monday, we made a student television view
22、ing habit survey in Hope Junior School. There are 1 boys and 2 girls in the school. We asked 3 students about their television viewing habits. 4 are boys and 5 are girls. When asked how often they watch TV, 6 of the students said they watch TV every day and 57% of the students said they watch TV 7 .
23、 When asked how many hours they watch TV each time, 8 of the students said they watch TV over two hours. When asked when they often watch TV, 83% of the students said they watch TV 9 . 10 of the students said they watch TV in the morning or at night.Section B知能新视窗本节继续学习表示频度的副词，并就 how often来谈论一个人的饮食习
24、惯，如何保持健康的身体。名师开小灶1. But my mother wants me to drink it.但我的妈妈要求我喝。want sb. (not) to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：He wants me to give him some help. 他想我帮帮他。The teacher wanted us not to talk in class.那位老师要我们不要在课堂上说话。【链接】 want to do sth.意为“想做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语。如：She wants to buy a new dress.她想买一件新裙子。【
25、拓展】动词 tell, ask, order等都与 want一样都可接动词不定式作宾补。如：My mother asked me not to watch TV. 妈妈要求我不要看电视。2. She says its good for my health. 她说这对我的健康有益。(1) 此句中 its good for my health是谓语 says的宾语，称为宾语从句。如：He says he always shops on weekends. 他说他总是在周末去买东西。(2) its good for my health中的 it指上文中提到的 to drink milk这一动词不定式
26、。在英语中动词不定式可以充当句子的主语，但习惯上用 it作形式主语，而不定式则放在句子后面。如：Its useful for us to learn English.学英语对我们有益。be good for意为“对有益，对有好处”，后接表示人或物的名词。如：Playing sports is good for health.进行体育活动对身体有好处。Good books are good for you.好书对你有益。【拓展】表示“对没好处；对有害”可以用 be not good for, be bad for。【链接】good 还有以下搭配：be good at 意为“擅长，善于”，后接名词
27、、代词或动名词。be good to 意为“对友好”，后接表示人的名词。be good with 意为“与相处得好”。(3) health是不可数名词，意为“健康(状态)”，常用于 be in good / poor/ bad health短语中，表示“身体好/不好”。如：He often comes home to see his mother, because she is in bad health.因他妈妈身体不好，所以他常回家。【拓展】healthy 作形容词，意为“健康的”, 意为“健康的”，它是由名词health+y 构成的形容词。类似的有：cloudy，windy, snowy
28、, sunny, family。3. How many hours do you sleep every night？每晚你睡多少个小时？(1) How many意为“多少”，常用来修饰可数名词的复数形式。如：How many students are there in you school?你校有多少学生？How many times do you surfer the Internet?你上网有五次。【归纳】how much 修饰不可数名词。如：How much milk would you like?你想要多少牛奶？(2) sleep作动词时，意思是“睡觉”。作名词时，意思是“睡眠”。如
29、：What time did you sleep last night?昨晚你几点睡觉？Did you have a good sleep last night? 昨晚你睡得好吗？【辨析】asleep, sleep, sleepy, sleeping asleep 是形容词，意为“睡着的”，常用作表语或宾语补足语。该词如果作定语，需要放在所修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。 sleepy 是形容词，意思是“困倦的”。sleeping 是现在分词，可以与 be动词一起构成进行时态。也可作形容词，意思是“正在睡觉的”，作定语。4. but Im pretty healthy.但我相当健康。pretty
30、作副词，意为“相当，非常，颇”，用来修饰形容词或副词，表示程度。如：This book is pretty good.这本书相当好。He played the guitar pretty well. 他的吉它弹得相当好。【拓展】pretty 也可作形容词，意为“美丽可爱的”，多用于小孩、妇女或较细小的东西。如：Lucy is a pretty girl. 露茜是一个漂亮的小姑娘。5. I try to eat a lot of vegetables.我设法吃大量蔬菜。(1) try to do sth意为“尽力去做某事，设法去做某事”。如：Ill try to learn English. 我
31、要尽力学好英语。【拓展】与 try搭配的结构：(1) try doing sth意为“试着去做某事”，表示想知道结果而尝试着做做看。如：He tries working out the problem. 他试着解决这个问题。(2) try / do ones best to do sth意为“尽力做某事”。如：You should try your best to do homework. 你应该尽力做家庭作业。(3) a lot of = lots of意为“许多”，既可修饰不可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。常用于肯定句中，在否定句和疑问句中则用 many或 much替代。如：He alway
32、s has a lot of work to do. 他总是有很多事做。There are a lot of people in the park. 公园里有很多人。【链接】a lot 的用法: a lot 是副词短语，相当于 very much, much意为“非常，十分”，多与动词连用，作状语。如：He helps me a lot. = He helps me (very) much. 他对我帮助很大。 a lot 作副词，与形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示“得多”。如：I have a lot more books than he. 我书比他的多得多。I feel a lot bette
33、r. 我感觉好多了。6. I love junk food too. 我也喜欢垃圾食品。too作副词，表示“又，也”，常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末。如：She can play the piano, too. 她也会弹钢琴。Do you often surfer the Internet, too? 你也常上网吗？【辨析】also, too, either这三个词都是“也”的意思，但用法不同。(1) also常用于肯定句或疑问句中，位于连系动词 be、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。如：My father also works in the factory. 我父亲也在那家工厂工作。Can
34、he also speak Japanese. 她也会说日语？(2) either通常用于否定句句末。如：I didnt go skateboarding, either. 我也没去滑踏板。7. I look after my health. 我重视我的健康。look after在本句中的意思是“留意，重视”。还有“照看，照顾”的意思，相当于take care of。如：You look after your sister. 你照看好你妹妹。【链接】与 look搭配的短语：look like看起来像 look the same看起来一样look at看 look up 查阅look out 当
35、心 look through 浏览8. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? 她的生活与你的相同还是不同？(1) the same as意思是 “与一样”，是一个引导比较等级的句型，as 后接比较的对象。另外，same 后有时可接名词。如：His pants are the same as mine. 他的裤子与我的一样。【归纳】 be the same as 的反义短语是 be different from。 the same as有时可与 asas之间进行同义转换。如：He is as old as me.= He has the
36、 same age as I. 他和我一样岁数。(2) or是并列连词，意思是“还是，或”，在疑问句或表示疑问的句子中连接两个并列成分，表示选择。如：Would you like tea or coffee? 你要茶还是咖啡？【链接】or 还有“和”的意思，常用在否定句中。也有“否则”的意思，用在“祈使句， or + 简单句”的结构中。如：I dont have a brother or a sister. 我没有兄弟和姐妹。Hurry up, or youll be late for class. 快点，不然你就上课迟到了。9. I think Im kind of unhealthy. 我
37、想我有点不健康。(1) kind of意为“有点，有几分”，多用于修饰形容词或副词，表示程度。与 a little, a bit的意思相同。如：Im feeling kind of / a little / a bit tired. 我感觉有点累。【归纳】kind of还可表示 “种类”，如：a kind of一种，all kinds of各种各样的，many kinds of许多种。(2) unhealthy意为“不健康的”，是由 un+adj. 构成其反义词。un 为否定前缀。如：happy高兴的 unhappy不高兴的friendly友好的 unfriendly不友好的fair公平的 u
38、nfair不公平的usual平常的 unusual不平常的10. So maybe Im not very healthy, although I have one healthy habit. 所以，可能我不很健康，不过我有一个好习惯。(1) maybe作副词，意为“很可能，大概”，相当于 perhaps，常用于句首作状语。如：Maybe she is right.也许她是对的。Maybe they will come this evening.他们可能今晚到。【归纳】may be是“情态动词+动词原形”构成的谓语形式，意思是“可能是，也许是”。如：The pen may be yours.
39、 这支笔可能是你的。= Maybe the pen is yours.(2) although=though是连词，引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然但是，尽管”。如：Although it rained hard, the boys went on playing soccer. 尽管雨下得大，但是男生们继续踢球。【归纳】当 although / though引导从句时，主句中不能出现 but，但可以和 yet或still连用，反之亦然。实战演练场夯实基础一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Its good for us to eat _ (health) food.2. My mother wa
40、nts me _ (drink) milk for breakfast.3. Who is the _ (interview)?4. He does his homework _ (well) than (比) me.5. What are the _ (different) between them?二、单项选择。( ) 1. Healthy food and exercise _ me to study better.A. let B. make C. help D. keep( ) 2. Im thirty (渴). Could you please give me something
41、_?A. to eat B. to drink C. drink D. eat( ) 3. The teacher says its not good _ our health to eat junk food.A. for B. to C. at D. with( ) 4. _ hours do you sleep every night?About seven hours.A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How( ) 5. My best friend has the same hairstyle _ me.A. for B. like C. f
42、rom D. as( ) 6. _ its raining outside, _ they still are playing basketball.A. Although, but B. But, although C. Although, / D. / , although( ) 7. _ do you eat vegetables?Every day.A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How many times( ) 8. The girl is _ shy.A. a kind of B. kind of C. a bit of D. a
43、lot of( ) 9. I dont like chicken, so I _ eat it.A. always B. most C. never D. hard( ) 10. What _ do you like?Ping-pong.A. food B. subject C. drink D. sports三、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1. My English is very poor (差). I try _ (study) it.2. Good lifestyle can help _ (keep) healthy.3. My _ (eat) habits are pretty go
44、od.4. When I _ (come) into the room, there are many people there.5. Jack wants Mary _ (bring) the story book to her.四、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。1. 我总是放学五点钟到家。I always _ _ _ school at 5 oclock.2. 他在这里有很多好朋友。He has _ _ _ good friends here.3. 当然，我也喜欢吃垃圾食品。_ _, I love junk food, too.4. 你应该关心你的健康。You should _ _ your
45、health.5. 因为他学习努力，所以取得好成绩。Because he studied hard, he _ _ _.五、句型转换。1. She often goes to the movies with her friend on weekends. (改为一般疑问句)_ she often _ to the movies with her friend on weekends?2. Maybe she is your aunt. (改为同义句)She _ _ your aunt.3. Sally looks like her mother. (改为同义句)Sally doesnt _ _
46、 _ her mother.4. The kid sleeps ten hours every day. (就划线部分提问)_ _ _ does the kid _ every day?5. I like junk food best. (改为同义句)My _ food _ junk food.能力提高六、创新运用。下面是 Katrina的一些生活习惯，请根据表格中提供的信息，完成下面的短文。Food Fruit and vegetablesJunk food MeatHow often Every day Never Hardly everSports Basketball Volleyba
47、ll Chinese kung fuHow often After school Every dayThree or four times a weekOn weekendsHobbies Listen to musicPlay the guitarGo to the moviesHow often Once a week Twice a month SometimesKatrina has her own lifestyle. She eats 1 every day, and she 2 eats junk food. She 3 eats meat. She plays 4 after school every day. She plays volleyball 5 , and she plays Chinese kung fu 6 . She has many hobbies. She listens to music 7 , pl
