1、学优中考网 2010 年中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级上 Unit 4 How do you get to school?【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语 1. get to school 到校 2. ride a bike 骑自行车3. take the subway 乘地铁 4. take the train 乘火车5. take a bus 乘公共气车 by bus 6. take a taxi 乘出租车7. walk to school 走到学校 8. how far 多远9. bus station 公共气车站 bus stop10. have a quick breakfast 匆匆吃
2、过早饭11. leave for 前往 12. the early bus 早班13. the bus ride 公共气车之行 14. at about six-thirty 在大约六点半15. around the world 全世界 16. North America 在北美 17. means of transportation 交通方式18. a number of 许多的/ the number of 的数量19. on weekends 在周末 20. be ill in the hospital 生病住院21. a map in Chinese 中文地图 22. speak Ch
3、inese 讲汉语23. thank you so much 这样感谢你 24. dont worry 不要担心II. 重要句型 询问两地的距离用 how far 引导特殊疑问句回答用 be + (distance) + away + from 的结构。A: How do you get to school?(你如何去上学？)B: I take the subway.(我乘地铁去上学。)A: How far is it from your home to school?(从家到学校多远？)B: Its three miles.(有三英里远。)A: How long does it take y
4、ou to get from home to school?(从家到学校需要花多长时间？)B: It takes 25 minutes.(要花 25 分钟。)Doing sth. takes sb. some time/ money.=It takes sb. some time/money to do sth=sb. spends some time/money (on sth.).=sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth. =sth. costs sb. some time/money.=sb. pay some money for sth某人花
5、费多少金钱/时间做某事III. 交际用语 当谈论如何到达某地等交通方式的时候IV. 重要语法 询问别人做某事的方式其回答有多种方式，其中一种结构是 by doing sth. 或 by sth. 的结构。【课文解析】 How do you get to是用来询问对方如何到达某地的常用询问方式，常用回答方式如：I walk to schoo1I get to school on foot我步行到校。I ride my bike to schoo1I get to school by bike我骑自行车到校。I take the bus to schoo1I get to school by bu
6、s我乘公共汽车到校。I take the subway to schoo1I get to school by subway我乘地铁到校。I take the train to schoo1I get to school by train我乘火车到校。I take the car to schoo1I get to school by car我坐小汽车到校。How about you?用于征询意见，提起反问，意为 “你呢?”。I go to school by carHow about you?我坐小汽车上学。你呢?get 是不及物动词，意为“ 到达” 。表示“到达某地”时，常与介词 to 搭
7、配。They got to the station at six this morning他们今天早晨 6 点钟到达了车站。(2)表示时间的其他名词还有：second 秒，day 天，hour 小时，week 周，month 月，year年。15 分钟为一刻，15 minutes= a quarter30 分钟为半小时，30 minutes=half an hourhow long 用来提问一段时间，it 代替不定式作形式主语时，本身无意义； take 在该句型中，意为“花费占用( 时间)” 。How long did it take you to do your homework last
8、night?昨晚做作业花了你多长时间?学优中考网 一 About an hour大约 1 小时。It takes my sister fifteen minutes to have breakfast姐姐用 15 分钟吃早饭。(1)take 主要指花费时间，主要用于 It takes sbsome time to do sth句型中，It 是形式主语to do sth是真正的主语。(2)spend 用于花费时间，也可用作花钱，其主语必须是人，结构为 sbspends timemoney on sth或(in)doing sth 。It took them two years to build
9、the hospital他们花了两年时间建这座医院。I spent 5 yuan on the book我花了 5 元钱买这本书。Fromto从 到既可跟时间，也可跟地点。We have classes from Monday to Saturday我们从周一到周六上课。Its three miles from his home to schoo1从他家到学校有 3 英里。For miles and miles there is nothing but snow一连几英里都是雪.英语中的其他长度单位：inch(英寸 )-*in(缩写)一“”(符号)foot(英尺)-ffft(缩写)-+“”(符
10、号)yard(码)一 yyd(缩写)-“(符号)mile(英里)-mmi ( 缩写)-1609 米1 foot=12 inches l yard=3 feet【辨析】sometimes，some times，sometime 与 sortie timesometimes，some times，sometime 和 some time 这四组词形式上很相似，但它们的意义和用法各不相同。(1)sometimes 为时间副词，意为“有时”，多用于一般现在时的句子中，可用于句首、句中或句末。He sometimes goes to the cinema on Sunday他有时星期天去看电影。(2)s
11、ome times 中的 time 为可数名词，意为“次，倍” ，sometimes 意为“几次，几倍” 。We have been to Beijing some times我们去过北京几次。This room is some times bigger than that one这个房间比那个 (房间)大几倍。(3)sometime 意为“ 某个时候” ，用于过去时或将来时，表示过去或将来不明确的一个时间。Maybe well meet again sometime next week或许下周某个时候我们将再相见。(4)some time 指一段时间，这里的 time 为不可数名词，意为 “
12、时间”。Itll take me some time to walk there步行去那里将花费我一段时间。14辨析 bus stop 与 bus stationbus stop 与 bus station 都是指“汽车站” ，bus stop 指市内或镇区内外的停车点，而 bus station 指能靠和接转车辆的汽车站点。15What think of 认为怎么样What think of 意为“认为(觉得) 怎么样” ，相当于How 1ike What do you think of the movie?How do you like the movie?你觉得那部电影怎么样?16辨析a
13、lso 与 tooalso 和 too 都有“也”的意思，但其用法不同。(1)also 较正式，位置通常靠近动词，不用于句末。He also plays the piano他也弹钢琴。(2)too 多用于口语，位置通常在句末，其前用逗号，其后用句号；有时也可置于句中，此时前后都用逗号。He is a worker，too他也是工人。注意：also 和 too 只能用于肯定旬，否定旬中要用 either。He doesnt know the way to the station I dont know the way either他不知道去车站的路，我也不知道。 17in other parts
14、 of the world 在世界其他地方other adj其他的，prep其他。其复数为 others。【辨析】another，(the)other 与 the others ，这几个词均有“别的，其他的”之意，但含义和用法不同。(1)another 指三个或三个以上人或事物中的另一个，只能修饰单数名词。The T-shirt is too smallCan you show me another(one)?这件 T 恤衫太小，再给我一件看看好吗?(2)(the)other 有两种用法，当 the other 与 one 一起使用时，可用来指已知的两个人或事物中的另一个。One of my
15、parents is an engineer and the other is a teacher我父母二个是工程师，另一个是教师。其他情况下，other 用作形容词，修饰复数名词，当指一定范围内的其他人或物时，可在其前加 the。学优中考网 The visitors come from Beijing，Shanghai，Xian and some other big cities of China参观者来自北京、上海、西安和中国其他一些大城市。What other animals did you see iIl the zoo?在动物园里你还见到了别的什么动物?(3)(the)others
16、相当于(the)other+名词，它相当于一个名词短语，可单独在句中作主语、宾语等，不能作修饰语。在指一定范围内的剩余部分时，其前加定冠词 the。There are many people in the parkSome are walkingsome are playing games，and others are boating公园里有许多人，有的在散步，有的在做游戏，其余的在划船。18most students go to school on the school bus大多数学生坐校车去上学。most 在该句中意为 “大多数，大部分的，多半的”，此时不加 the；the most 意
17、为“ 最多数，最大量，最大限度”；most of 接名词复数，表示“大部分，大多数”。Most people want to own their own houses大部分的人都想拥有属于自己的房子。I need to go at once我需要马上去。The TV needs mending这台电视需要修理了。The window needs opening窗子需要打开。23辨析say， speak 与 tell(1)say 意为 “说，述说”，它针对的是说话的内容。What did you say?你说什么了?He didnt say anything他什么话也没有说。(2)speak 意
18、为“说，讲(话)”，不强调说话的内容，但讲某种语言，要用 speak。The baby is learning to speak那婴儿正在学说话。Speak more slowly，please请说得慢一点。(3)tell 意为“说，讲，告诉，教”，侧重于“ 告诉”的含义多一些。Let me tell you a story我给你讲个故事。Did you tell the news to your parents?你把这消息告诉你父母了吗? He told me he would be back in an hour他告诉我，一个小时内他就会回来。 24辨析look1ook at see 与
19、watch look 与 look at 强调看的过程，其中 look at 要有名词或代词作宾语，而 look 可独立使用；see 强调看的内容和结果；watch 两为“观看”，其后宾语可以是“展览”、 “球赛” 等。 Look! They are flying kites看! 他们在放风筝。 Please look at the picture carefully请仔细看这幅图画。 What can you see in the room?你能在房间里看到什么?I cant see anything because its dark now 因为天黑了，我什么也看不见。How 引导的特殊疑
20、问句how 以及 how 和一些形容词或副词组成的特殊疑问词(词组)引导的特殊疑问句，应用十分广泛，是本单元的重点。1how 表示“如何，怎样”。对交通方式、身体状况和程度等进行提问。How can I get to the railway station?我怎样才能到火车站。How is your father?你爸爸身体怎么样了?一 Hes fine他很好。2how often 表示“多久一次”，是对频率的提问。How often do you rent videos?你多久去租借一次光盘?3how long 表示“多长时间”，是对一段时间的提问。一 How long did you wa
21、it for me?你等我多长时间了?一 About half an hour大约半小时了。 ，how long 还可以表示对长度的提问。How long is the river?这条河多长 ?4how soon 表示“ 多久以后”，是对将来一段时间的提问。用于一般将来时。一 How soon will your sister be back?你姐姐什么时候回来?Tin a month再过一个月。5how k 意为“多远”，是对“路程、距离”的提问。How far is it from your home t0 school?从你家到学校多远?6how many 意为 “多少”，是对可数名词
22、数量的提问。一 How many teachers are there in your school?你们学校有多少教师?一 About 80大约 80 人。7how much 意为 “多少”，用以询问不可数名词量的多少。How much water do you have?你们有多少水?how much 还表示 “多少钱”，用以询问“某物的价格” 。How much are these apples?这些苹果多少钱?8how old 意为“多大，几岁”，用以询问“ 某人的年龄”。How old is your younger sister?你妹妹几岁?9how tall 意为 “多高”，用以
23、询问“某人某物的高度” 。学优中考网 How tall are you?你有多高?10how heavy 意为“ 多重”，用以询问“某人某物的重量”。How heavy is the big box?这个大箱子有多重 ?11how about 意为“怎么样?”，与 what about 同义，用以询问对方的意见，是省略句。How about going to the zoo?去动物园怎么样 ?Unit 4 How do you get to school单元测试 1（时间：90 分钟 满分 100 分）听力测试四(20 分)听录音，选择恰当的答语(5 分)( )1AYes，they do BI
24、t takes 4 minutes( )2AI take a boat to get to school B5 miles( )3AI walk to school BI takes the bus( )4AIts 10 minutes BIt takes 10 minutes( )5AYesplease BNoplease 昕对话。选择正确答案(5 分)( )6How does the girl go home?ABy car BBy bus COn foot( )7How long does it take the girl to do her homework?AFifteen minu
25、tes BTwenty minutes CThirty minutes( )8How far is from the girls home to her school?ATwo miles BSix miles CEight miles( )9What does the girl think of her trousers?AToo short BToo long CVery good( )10How many students are there in the class?A40 B55 C37听录音，完成对话(5 分)11W：How does she _ to school?M：She _
26、 the bus12W：How do _ get go school?M：I _ my bike13W：_ does he get go school?M：He _ the subway14W：How do they get _ school?M：They _ the train15W：How _ does it take?M：It _ fifteen minutes选出与你所听到短文内容相符的答案(5 分)( )16Who are going go New York?AMike and Tom B Henry and Bill CMike and Henry( )17How are they
27、 going there?ABy ship B By plane CBy busy( )18Who is going to take them to the White House(白宫)?AMikes uncle B Henrys uncle CMike and Henrys uncle( )19How long are they going to stay in New York?AFor half a year B For a week CFor ten days( )20What are Mike and Henry going to do after they return from
28、 New York?AThey are going to play with usBThey are going to have a good restCThey are going to tell us something about America笔试部分(80 分)单项选择(15 分)( )1Tom often goes go Japan _Ain air Bin the air Cby air Dby the air( )2How do you usually come to school?I usually come to school _Aby the bike Bon foot
29、Cwalking Dby foot( )3How long will it _ them to get there by bus?Ause Bspend Ctake Dcost( )4why _ come with me?Ayou Bnot Cdont Darent( )5It takes _ time to read newspaper Atoo many Btoo much Ca few Dquite few( )6We must depend _ ourselvesAin Bon Cat Dfrom( )7The Smiths _ Guangzhou the day before yes
30、terdayAcame Barrived Carrived in Dreached to( )8I have _ home _ my homework Ato get；to do Bgets ；doing Cto gets；doing Dget to；to do( )9_ did you come to school this morning?In my fathers carAWhen BWhere CWhat DHow( )10Lucy needs _ more exerciseAdo Bto do Cdoes Ddoing( )11Must we finish the work at 8
31、:00?No，you _Amustnt Bneednt Ccant Dmay not( )12They _ the school bus to school every dayAtake Btakes Cby Dtook( )13He grows _ flowersAa number of Bthe number ofCmany number of Dmuch number of( )14_ the books is 800AA number of BThe number ofCMany numbers of DMuch number of( )15_ he is a child，_ he k
32、nows a lot学优中考网 AAlthough；but BAlthough ；CNot only；but also DNeither：nor完形填空(10 分)Mr Smith lives in the country，but he works in an office in a big cityHe 1 to work by train every morning and comes 2 the same wayOne morning while Mr Smith was 3 his newspaper on the train，a man sitting behind him tapp
33、ed(轻拍)him on the shoulder(肩膀)The man said 4 to him and began to talk to himThe man said “Your life is interesting， 5 it? You take the same station at the same time 6 morning，and you always sit in the 7 seat and read the same newspaper ”When Mr Smith 8 thishe put his newspaper down，turned back and sa
34、id to the man angrily， “ 9 do you know all that about me!”“WellI 10 sit in the same seat behind you ”the man answered( )1Awent Bgo Cgoes Dgoing( )2Afamily Bhome Chouse Dcountry( )3Areading Blooking Cseeing Dwatching( )4AGoodbye BSorry CThanks DHello( )5Ais Bisnt Chas Dhasnt( )6Athis Bone Cevery Dyes
35、terday( )7Aanother Bother Cdifferent Dsame( )8Alistened Bheard Cfound Dfelt( )9AHow BWhat CWhere DWhen( )10A no longer Balmost Calways Dnearly阅读理解(20 分)AMary is an American schoolgirlShe is now in Beijing with her parentsMary doesnt know ChineseBut she is trying to learn and speak itShe often tries
36、to speak Chinese to her Chinese friendsSometimes they dont understand because she cant speak Chinese very wellIts Sunday morningShe goes outShe is walking in the streetShe is going to the zoo to see the elephants and monkeys，but she doesnt know how to get thereShe stops a Chinese schoolboy and asks
37、him the wayThe boy cant understand herShe looks worriedThen she finds a way to express what she wants to sayShe takes out a pen and some paperShe draws an elephant on it and shows the picture to the boyThe boy has a careful look at the picture，reads it and smiles and then he shows Mary the way to th
38、e zoo( )1This article mainly tells us a story of _Athe picture to the boy Bthe way to the zooChow to learn Chinese in China Dan American girl Mary in Beijing( )2The underlined words“understand her”in the text means _ in ChineseA理解她当时的心情 B认识她们C明白她说的话 D帮助她( )3The underlined word“express”in the text ca
39、n be replaced by _Aguess Bkeep Cwrite Dshow( )4Why does Mary stop a schoolboy in the street?ABecause she wants the boy to see her pictureBBecause she wants to have a talk with a Chinese boyCBecause the schoolboy is on his way to the zooDBecause she wants to know the way to the zoo from him( )5She dr
40、aws an elephant and shows it to the boy，because _Ashe is good at drawingBshe wants the boy to know where she wants to goCshe doesnt know how to say“elephant” in ChineseDshe wants to help the boy say“elephant” in EnglishBWe spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowersOur car was full of flo
41、wers inside! On the way home we had to stop at traffic lights，and there my wife saw the bookshelfIt stood outside a furniture(家具)shop “Buy it， ”she said at once “Well carry it home on the roof-rack(车顶架) Ive always wanted one like that ”What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer，a
42、nd the bookshelf was tied on to the roof-rackIt was tall and narrow，quite heavy tooAs it was getting darker，I drove slowlyOther drivers seemed more polite than usual that eveningThe police even stopped traffic to let us throughCarrying furniture was a good ideaAfter a time my wife said， “Theres a lo
43、ng line of cars behindWhy dont they overtake(超车)?”Just at that time a police car did overtakeThe two officers(警官)inside looked at us seriously when they went pastBut then，with a kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy trafficThe police car stopped at our village church(教堂)One o
44、f the officers came to me“Right，sir ”he said “Do you need any more help now?”I didnt quite understand “Thanksofficer ”I said ”Youve been very kindI live just down the road ”He was looking at our things：First at the flowers，then at the bookshelf “Well，well， ”he said and laughed “Its a bookshelf youve
45、 got there! We thought it wasersomething else ”My wife began to laughSuddenly I understood why the police drove hereI smiled at the officer， “Yes，its a bookshelf，but thanks again ”I drove home as fast as I could( )6From the story we know that _Athe writer was poor and didnt buy the bookshelf for his wifeBthe writers wife didnt like the book shelf at allCthe writer was always glad to buy something for his wifeDthe writer was not very glad to buy the bookshelf for his wife( )7What made the
