1、专题十七 选择型阅读考纲解读 考点内容 测评要求 3 年考题示例 中考指数细节理解 掌握2014 江苏南京,2830;2014 陕西 ,4145;2013 北京,A 2,3;2013 上海,A2,3,4;2012 江苏南京 ,1,2,3,推理判断 掌握 2013 北京,A 1;2013 湖北武汉,C,1;2012 江苏南京,4,5 主旨大意 掌握 2013 上海,A 6;2013 四川凉山,A 5;2011 河南,5 词意猜测 掌握2013 湖北武汉,C 4;2013 四川凉山,A 4;2011 河南,2011 河北,33 年中考2014 年全国中考真题演练Passage 1 (2014江苏南
2、京)What opinions did experts have about movements and transportation throughout history?Take a look. Lord Kelvin, a famous scientist,1800sOpinion: Airplanes would never fly. Was he right? No. On December17,1903, the Wright brothers made the first controlled flight in a powered airplane. Lee Deforest,
3、 a pioneer in radio, TV and Radar, 1900sOpinion: No person would ever reach the moon. Was he right? No. On July20,1969, Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon. Leonardo da Vinci, artist, inventor, 1400sOpinion: People would fly in a machine with an overhead propeller. Was he right? Yes. This artists s
4、ketch, made about 1490,shows a helicopter 400 years before its invention.Jules, Verne, Science fiction writer, in an 1870 novelOpinion: People would be able to travel under water in airtight ships.Was he right? Yes. Through submarines already existed, it would be decades before they could stay subme
5、rged for long-distance travel. 1. Which of the following experts was a science fiction writer?A. Lord Kelvin. B. Lee Deforest.C. Leonardo da Vinci. D. Jules, Verne.2. Leonardo da Vincis opinion was that . A. airplanes would never flyB. no person would ever reach the moonC. people would fly in a mach
6、ine with an overhead propellerD. people would be able to travel under water in airtight ships3. How many experts opinion proved right according to the passage?A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.Passage 2(2014陕西)阅读下面一篇短文,判断下列句子是否符合短文内容,符合的用“A”表示,不符合的用“B”表示。When we talked about NBA, many people will th
7、ink of Yao Ming. There is no doubt that Yao Ming is a Chinese hero. On October 16, 2013,he announced (宣布) he would be open the NBA Yao School. This was really exciting news! Looking at the name of school, many people would think that the school is going to train NBA talents. But that is not the trut
8、h. The NBA School provides after-school basketball training and health programs. Its students include boys and girls over 16 years old who are very good at playing basketball. The school aims to teach the importance of teamwork, leadership (领导素养) and communication in a fun basketball environment. Ya
9、o is quite glad to be a part of the school, because it has always been his dream to positively(积极地) influence young peoples life through sports. Now basketball fans in China are looking forward to getting basketball training and the NBA. Yao School is a great choice. In the school, students have cha
10、nces to meet NBA stars. The stars can offer suggestions on how to play basketball well. The school first programs opened at the Wukesong Basketball Park on February, 2014. If you want to know more information about the school,you can visit www. nbayao. com. 1. The children under 16 years old cant be
11、 students in the NBA Yao School. 2. The school provides only after-school basketball training programs. 3. Yao Ming opened the NBA Yao School on October 16, 2013. 4. The school aims to teach the students how to play basketball. 5. The students there have chances to meet NBA stars and learn something
12、 from them.Passage 3 (2014广东)To us, it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But in fact the umbrella was not invented as protection against the rain. Its first use was as a shade(遮蔽)against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used
13、in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, back in the eleventh century BC. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use:it became a symbol of honor and power(权力). In the Far East in anc
14、ient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office or by royal people such as the kings or queens. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. The umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece, but it is believed that the first people in Europe to
15、 use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans. During the middle ages in Europe, the use of the umbrella almost disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it became a symbol of power. Umbrellas have not changed much in style durin
16、g all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasnt until the twentieth century that the umbrellas for women began to be made in all kinds of colors. 1. Ancient people first used umbrellas as . A. a symbol of honor B. protection against the sunC. a symbol of power D. protection
17、 against the rain2. According to the passage, the umbrella was probably first used in ancient . A. Egypt B. BabylonC. Rome D. China3. The underlined word royal might mean in Chinese. A. 皇室的 B. 富裕的C. 中产的 D. 平民的4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. The ancient Greeks used
18、the umbrella in their daily life.B. Europeans hardly used the umbrella during the middle ages.C. The umbrellas for women were made colorful in ancient times.D. The style of the umbrella hasnt changed a lot since it was invented.5. This passage is mainly about . A. the sales of the umbrellaB. the dif
19、ferences among umbrellasC. the invention of the umbrellaD. the history and the use of the umbrellaPassage 4 (2014浙江杭州)How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English,or do you have to use your first languages? Do you count on your fingers?
20、 Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true. People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States,people begin counting with their first fingers,which they extend or
21、stick out. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb(拇指 ) to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China,people count by using different finger positions. In this way,a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand. Besides ways o
22、f finger counting,scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers,and others have no words for numbers. A group of scientists studied aboriginal(土著的) people in Australia. These people dont have hand movem
23、ents to stand for numbers. They dont even have words for numbers. However,they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers. In a similar study,researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that people of the Piraha tribe(部落) in northwestern Brazil dont have wor
24、ds for numbers such as “one” or “three.” They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees,” “more trees,” or “many trees.” Professor Edward Gibson said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count,“but here is a group that does not count. They could learn,but
25、 its not useful in their culture,so theyve never picked it up.”Although all humans are able to understand quantities(数量),not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting. Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives. Now we know that pe
26、ople have different ideas about numbers and math,too. 1. The writer begins with the four questions in order to . A. make a survey B. interest readersC. tell a story D. solve math problems2. What do we learn from the difference in finger counting between the U. S. and China?A. People from China count
27、 much faster than people from the U. S.B. People from China need two hands to count from one to ten.C. People of different cultures may use different ways of finger counting.D. People of different cultures use the same way of finger counting. 3. Which of the following is true about aboriginal Austra
28、lians?A. They have only a few words for numbers.B. They have hand movements to stand for numbers.C. They can only count to five on their fingers.D. They can understand different ideas about numbers. 4. The study of the Piraha tribe shows that . A. people all over the world know how to countB. People
29、 of the tribe have words for numberC. Some groups of people are not smart enough to countD. Counting is not useful in the culture of the tribe5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. People from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math.B. Chinese people can count more easily
30、on their fingers than Americans.C. In some aboriginal culture,people dont even know how to count.D. Some languages dont have number words because people dont need numbers.Passage 5(2014浙江嘉兴舟山 )How to play SPUDWhat you need:a soft ball five or more players a clear space outsideAim(目的) of the game:To
31、be the last player in the game. (You are out as soon as you spell the word SPUD.) Rules of the game:Pick a player to start with the ball. The player with the ball is called It. It stands in the middle of the playing area with the ball. All the other players circle around him. It throws the ball stra
32、ight up into the air,and calls anothers name. The player whose name is called is now It and has to get the ball. Everyone else runs away. It shouts “SPUD!” loudly as soon as It gets the ball. Everyone else has to stop running and stand still. Then It takes three steps towards another player,and thro
33、ws the ball at the players feet. The player must not move,even if theres a chance of being hit by the ball. If It hits the player,or if the player moves,then the player gets a letter(S first),and becomes It. If It misses,then It gets a letter and stays It. The first letter for a player who is hit is
34、 S,the second letter is P,and so on. Any player who has spelled S-P-U-D is out. The winner is the last player in the game. 1. The passage says a game of SPUD needs at least . A. four players B. five playersC. six players D. seven players2. When It calls your name,what must you do first?A. Run away.
35、B. Throw the ball.C. Get the ball. D. Take three steps. 3. Which picture best matches Rule 5?4. The winner is the player who . A. catches the ball first B. does not spell SPUDC. is the first to spell SPUD D. throws the ball the farthest20132012 年全国中考真题演练Passage 1(2013北京)Popular Articles in the Magaz
36、ineRelation between you and foodDo you live to eat or eat to live? What kind of relationship do you have with food? Read this article to find out more about food.Black sheep and Uncle BobThere is an English teacher in this article. The teacher works in Russia. He explains why he finds family stories
37、 interesting. He also tells us what makes his own family special.Films that arent really about CanadaYou cant see much of Canada in American films like the 1953 movie Niagara. For me, Canada is a place that starts somewhere on the other side of that waterfall.Ice cream and bankingMost people in Brit
38、ain believe that its a good idea to save money. This is an important part of the culture, or at least it was in the past.1. How many popular articles are there in the magazine?A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.2. Which article is about saving money?A. Ice cream and banking.B. Black sheep and Uncle Bob.C. Relat
39、ion between you and food.D. Films that arent really about Canada. 3. What is Black sheep and Uncle Bob about?A. American films. B. Family stories.C. Food. D. Banking.Passage 2 (2013湖北武汉)Martin Lynch, an American businessman, had been going on vacation to a small Mexican fishing village for a number
40、of years. One morning while going for a walk along the beach, he saw his friend Pablo Perez, a local fisherman. Martin watched Pablo unload his boat and pack the fish in a box. Martin noticed Pablo was smiling and looked very happy. He could also see several large fish in the boat. Martin greeted Pa
41、blo and asked how long it took to catch the fish. “Just a few hours,” replied Pablo. Martin asked, “Why didnt you stay longer and catch more fish?” “I have enough for my family,” Pablo said. “And what do you do with the rest of your day?” asked Martin. “I take a nap, play with my children, spend tim
42、e with my wife, and go into the village to see my friends and play cards, I have a full and busy life.” Martin explained that if Pablo worked longer hours and caught more fish, he could make more money. With the extra money, Pablo could buy more boats and catch more fish. By selling the fish, Pablo
43、could open his own factory and sell directly to supermarkets. “Then what?” asked Pablo. “Well, you would probably have to move to Mexico City to run the business. Finally, you would be able to sell your business and make millions of dollars,” replied Martin. “How long will that take?” asked Pablo. M
44、artin thought for a while and said it would probably take at least 15 years. “And then what?” asked Pablo. “Well, thats the best part,” Martin said. “You will be able to retire, buy a house near the ocean, sleep longer, play with your children, spend more time with your wife, see your friends, and p
45、lay cards.”1. What is the story mainly about?A. A businessman and a fisherman have become friends.B. A businessman learns how to fish from a fisherman.C. A fisherman wants to become a businessman.D. A businessman gives advice to a fisherman. 2. What makes the Mexican fisherman happy is . A. many fri
46、ends to visit himB. a full and busy lifeC. more boats and more fishD. the house near the ocean3. How can the fisherman make more money in the businessman view?A. By buying a supermarket.B. To more to Mexico city.C. By selling his own business.D. To work longer and catch more fish. 4. The underlined
47、word “unload” in the passage means ? A. put.into. B. take.away fromC. break down D. set off5. We can infer from the passage that . A. the fisherman will stay the same with his lifeB. the fisherman will leave the village for Mexico cityC. the businessman will buy the fisherman boatD. it takes all day
48、 for the fisherman to catch large fishPassage 3 (2013上海)Dear Liz,My stay in Thailand has certainly been the experience of my life. Life is busy and exciting. Bangkok is just like any other big city with a population of 10 million and heavy traffic. Im very lucky because my host family is in a nice a
49、rea outside the city. There are Mr and Mrs Phairat, their son Sanan, who is 18, the daughter Chinda, who is 16 and Grandpa and Grandma. I go to an international school with Sanan and Chinda. The school teaches about 70 percent in English, and 30 percent in Thai. Ive learned some spoken language, but Thai writing is vey difficult. The cooking lesson is my favorite. Im learning all about Thai food and culture. People dont use chopsticks here, but spoons and forks. When I come back, Im going to cook you a r
