1、单元语法聚焦(六),被动语态(二) 1一般过去时的被动语态： (1)一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were及物动词的过去分词。eg： The desk was made by my father.这张桌子是由我的爸爸做的。 They were invented by Julie Thompson.它们是由朱莉汤普森发明的。,(2)句式变化： 肯定句：主语was/were及物动词的过去分词其他 否定句：主语wasnt /werent及物动词的过去分词其他 一般疑问句：Was/Were主语及物动词的过去分词其他？ 回答：Yes，主语was/were. No，主语wasnt/werent.,2
2、被动语态主要在下面几种情况中使用： (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁时。eg： Such books are written for children.这些书是为儿童写的。 We havent been told about it.没有人通知我们这件事。 (2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心(这时可接由by引起的短语)。eg： The book was written by Mo Yan.这本书是由莫言写的。 Manmade satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.许多国家已向太空发射了人造卫星。,(3)出于礼貌等
3、方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。eg： He was asked to give a talk about how to learn English well.他被要求作关于怎样学好英语的报告。,3被动语态的注意事项： (1)“主语连系动词表语”的句子没有被动语态。 (2)there be结构没有被动语态。 (3)主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态。 (4)句子是主谓结构时，没有被动语态。也就是说，不及物动词没有被动语态。 (5)有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语，如果变被动语态，不能把动词后的介词丢掉。eg： He looks after his younger sister.His
4、 younger sister is looked after by him.他照看他妹妹。,(6)在主动语态中，在make，let，hear，see，watch，notice等词后跟省略to的动词不定式，但在被动语态中，to不可省略。eg： We saw a stranger enter the hall.A stranger was seen to enter the hall by us.我们看到一个陌生人进入了大厅。,一、单项选择。 ( )1.The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital. Atake
5、s Bis taken Ctook Dwas taken ( )2.Football _ to our school subjects last year.(2016陕西) Ais added Bwas added Cadds Dadded,D,B,( )3.Did you win the basketball game? Bad luck！Our team _ in the final minute. Awon Bbeat Cwas won Dwas beaten ( )4.The children without parents _ good care of by their teache
6、rs in this special school. Atakes Btake Cis taken Dare taken,D,D,( )5.To my surprise，the famous athletes story _ differently in the newspaper.(2016南充) Areported Breports Cwas reported Dwas reporting,C,二、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。 6Im glad to find that many trees _(plant) in our city last year. 7His car _(stop
7、) by the police because he drove too fast. 8The earthquake happened all of a sudden，but luckily all the villagers _(bring) to a safe place. 9Whos the little baby in the photo，Li Ying? Its me.This photo _(take) fourteen years ago. 10May I use your cup，Tom? Sorry，it _(break) by my sister just now.,wer
8、e planted,was stopped,were brought,was taken,was broken,三、将下列句子改为被动语态。 11The villagers built a new bridge last year.A new bridge was built by the villagers last year. 12We didnt find the lost dog at last.The lost dog wasnt found by us at last. 13Did they finish the work last night?Was the work finished by them last night? 14My father bought me a new car. A new car was bought for me by my father./I was bought a new car by my father. 15I found that they came in.They were found to come in by me.,
