1、题型四 完形填空 (2016，山西 )阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The world needs love and many people need our help.Several years ago，my teachers asked me to take part in a program that helps those who are 1 .Each week，I spent an hour in the classroom helping children with schoolwork，art p
2、rojects， games and other 2 including eating.My mother is a teacher，so I am used to helping children; however，I found that working with children with special needs would 3 my life forever.At first，I thought it would be 4 to be with the children who are so different，but gradually I found theres someth
3、ing special about these students.So there was no need to worry about it.Each Thursday I was welcomed by the smiling faces of Thomas，Joey and Missy.Thomas has to sit on the wheelchair.He communicates with simple words 5 yes and no.Joey，a deaf girl，always welcomed me with a big smile.Missy was born wi
4、th a kind of 6 and it makes her really small for her age.In a normal classroom，it would be common to hear a teacher comfort a child who is tapping his pencil，speaking 7 ，or making unnecessary noises.However，here，shouts，cries，and other noises are 8 .Theyre signs of excitement and different ways of co
5、mmunicating.Working with children with special needs has changed my life.It has made me 9 others needs.One of my teachers believes that we should be part of something bigger than 10 .I never realized how true this was until I worked with these children.I believe everyone should get out and do someth
6、ing that makes a difference.1A.uneducated Bhomeless C disabled2A.courses Bcompetitions Cactivities3A.change Bwaste Csave4A.nervous Brelaxing Clively5A.except Blike Cagainst6A.ability Billness Chabit7A.clearly Bpolitely Cloudly8A.mentioned Bstopped Cencouraged9A.refuse Bnotice Cinfluence10A.ourselves
7、 Byourselves Cthemselves【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在多年前帮助一些身体有残疾的学生做功课，参加各种活动甚至吃饭的经历，告诉我们这个世界需要爱，有很多人需要我们的帮助。最后作者号召我们走出去，做一些对世界有意义的事情。1C 【解析】命题点：语境逻辑推理。考查形容词词义辨析。uneducated 没教养的；homeless 无家可归的；disabled 残疾的。根据后文中的关键词“wheelchair，deaf ”可推知此处表达的是“几年前，我的老师让我参加一个帮助残疾孩子们的项目。 ”故选 C。方法点拨：语境逻辑推理是完形填空命题的主要角度。脱离上下文语境，
8、每个选项放在空格处，在语法上、词性上可能都是正确的，但在上下文具体语境及具体情境下，正确答案又是唯一的。一般此类题需要考生分析空格处的前后内容或综合全文内容选出符合文意和逻辑的选项。可以试着将选项代入“试读” ，如果符合文章主题或逻辑，就直接确定选项；若有两个及以上的词填入都可以，就必须在上下文寻找提示词或句，确定找到依据再填词。2C 【解析】命题点：语境逻辑推理。考查名词词义辨析。course 课程；competition 竞争； activity 活动。根据空格后的“eating”以及空格前的“schoolwork，art projects，games”可知此处表达的是“我在教室花了一个小
9、时的时间帮助学生的功课，艺术节目，游戏和其他活动” 。故选 C。3A 【解析】命题点：词汇复现。考查动词词义辨析。change 改变；waste 浪费；save 拯救。根据句意及句中的关键词“however” 可知此处表达的是“我妈妈是一位老师，所以我经常帮助孩子们；然而，我发现和有特殊需求的孩子相处将永远改变我的生活。 ”并由最后一段第一句“Working with children with special needs has changed my life.”可知选 A。方法点拨：词汇复现题是指某一词汇以原形、词形变化、同义变化/近义词、反义词等重复出现在语篇中。解答此类试题时，考生首先
10、要根据前后语境判断空格处所在句子的意思，此类试题多与前后句的表述有关联，空格处所在的句子会重复用到前后句中已经出现的某一个单词，再结合语境判断，就能准确地确定答案。此外，山西中考完形填空的命题角度还包括生活常识及代词指代。4A 【解析】命题点：语境逻辑推理。考查形容词词义辨析。nervous 紧张的；relaxing 令人放松的；lively 栩栩如生的。根据句意及句中的关键词“but”可知此处表达的是“刚开始的时候，我认为和那些与众不同的孩子们相处将会非常紧张，但是，我逐渐发现这些孩子们也有不同的地方。 ”“but”表示前后语境发生转折，作者由刚开始的紧张转为接受并发现孩子们的特殊之处。故选
11、 A。5B 【解析】命题点：语境逻辑推理。考查介词词义辨析。except 除了之外；like 像 ；against 紧靠着。空格后的“yes 和 no”是空格前的“simple words”的例子，介词“like” 有此用法。故选 B。6B 【解析】命题点：语境逻辑推理。考查名词词义辨析。ability 能力；illness 疾病；habit 习惯。根据句意 “Missy 出生的时候患有一种疾病 ，并且这种病使得她在她的年龄上显得特别小。 ”后半句中的“makes her really small for her age”可知她患有一种病。故选B。7C 【解析】命题点：语境逻辑推理。考查副词词
12、义辨析。clearly 清晰地，明显地；politely 礼貌地； loudly 大声地。根据语境可知此处表达的是“在常规课堂上，老师会制止那些敲笔，大声说话的学生” 。故选 C。8C 【解析】命题点：语境逻辑推理。考查动词词义辨析。mention 涉及；stop 停止；encourage 鼓舞。由“However”可知前后两句表示转折关系。此处表达的是 “在特殊课堂上，叫喊、哭叫和其他声音都是被鼓励的” 。故选 C。9B 【解析】命题点：语境逻辑推理。考查动词词义辨析。refuse 拒绝；notice 注意，关注；influence 影响。由前半句“和有特殊需求的孩子们相处已经改变了我的生活
13、” ，可知本句表达的是“这使我开始关注其他人的需求” 。故选 B。10A 【解析】命题点：代词指代。考查反身代词辨析。ourselves 我们自己；yourselves 你们自己；themselves 他( 她/ 它) 们自己。由语境可知此处表达的是 “我的一个老师坚信，我们应该成为比我们本身更大的一个存在” 。空格处与本句中的“we”相呼应。故选 A。方法点拨：此类试题难度比较小，但解答此类试题一定要细心，首先要判断挖空前后所要代替的是人还是物，如果是人，则首先排除表物的代词 it；如果是物，则排除人称代词。其次判断所指代的是单数还是复数，有时句子中既有人还有物，考生一定要仔细判断所代替的中
14、心词。另外，山西中考完形填空还会从“语法知识、固定搭配、生活常识”角度进行命题，针对这三种命题角度，考生可运用以下技巧进行解答：命题点：语法知识。方法点拨：此类试题需要考生熟练掌握初中所要求掌握的语法知识，这样才能运用自如，此外，此类试题一定要结合上下文细读语境，一般语境中都会有突破点，可以与某一语法联系起来，比如介词 in 可以与一般将来时连用，所以如果语境中含有一般将来时，而选项中又有 in，则答案很容易选择。命题点：固定搭配。方法点拨：做此类题时，考生要仔细分析每个选项常见的固定搭配及意思和用法，联系上下文语境，选出最适合的一项。此外，考生还需在平常的学习中多积累动词短语、介词短语、形容
15、词短语、固定句型等固定搭配，多记忆、多运用，增强对试题的敏感度。如：leave off(停止), be popular with(受到欢迎)，be interested in(对感兴趣) ，in time(及时) 等。命题点：生活常识。方法点拨：解答此类试题，仅凭语法知识是不够的，还需要掌握一定的生活常识(经验) ，因此考生在日常生活中应多阅读，多积累，拓宽自己的知识面，同时要多了解一些外国文化知识。Cloze 1(2015，山西)(导学号：36422347)Yesterday was Fathers Day.Many things happening between my father an
16、d me crowded my mind.But one thing made a deep impression on me.It was a Sunday morning，and I was in a 1 mood(情绪) Two of my friends had gone to the movies the night before and hadnt invited me.I was in my room 2 ways to make them sorry when my father came in.“Want to go for a ride today，Beck? Its a
17、beautiful day.”“No! Leave me alone！” Those were the 3 words I said to him that morning.My friends called and 4 me to go to the mall with them a few hours later.I forgot to be 5 with them and then went with them.When I came home，I found a 6 on the table.My mother put it where I would be sure to see i
18、t.“Dad has had an 7 Please meet us at Highland Park Hospital.”When I reached the hospital，my mother came out and told me a car hit my father and his injuries were extensive(大面积的 ) “Your father told the driver to leave 8 alone and just call 911，thank God! If he had moved Daddy，.”My mother may have sa
19、id more，but I didnt hear.I didnt hear anything 9 those terrible words: Leave me alone.My dad said them in order to 10 himself.He didnt want to be hurt more.How much had I hurt him 11 I shouted out those words at him earlier in the day?It was several days later that he was 12 able to have a talk.I he
20、ld his hand gently， afraid of hurting him.“Daddy.I am so sorry.”“Its okay，sweetheart.Ill be okay.”“No， ” I said， “I mean about 13 I said to you that day.You know，that morning? ”He looked at me and said， “Sweetheart，I remember 14 about that day，not before， during or after the accident.I remember tell
21、ing you goodnight the night before，though.” He managed a weak smile.My English teacher once told me that words have great power.They can hurt or they can heal(治愈) And we all have the power to 15 our words.I am going to do that very carefully from now on.( B )1.A.good Bterrible Cpeaceful( A )2.A.thin
22、king up Bgiving up Clooking up ( B )3.A.common Blast Ccareless( C )4.A.led Bencouraged Cinvited( B )5.A.strict Bangry Cpleased( C )6.A.letter Bdiary Cnote( A )7.A.accident Billness Cexamination( B )8.A.me Bhim Cher( A )9.A.except Bamong Ctowards( B )10.A.hide Bsave Cexpress( A )11.A.when Buntil Cbef
23、ore( B )12.A.really Bfinally Csuddenly( C )13.A.how Bwhy Cwhat( C )14.A.something Beverything Cnothing( B )15.A.keep Bchoose CunderstandCloze 2 (2014，山西)( 导学号：36422348)Each of us fails from time to time.If we are wise，having enough experience and knowledge，we regard these failures (失败) as a necessar
24、y and 1 part of learning.But often as parents and teachers，we dont 2 this right (权利) to our children.Donnie was a third grader in my class.His 3 about failure kept him from classroom games that other children enjoyed.He 4 answered my questionshe was afraid of making mistakes.I tried my best to build
25、 his selfconfidence.But nothing changed 5 midterm，when Mary，a new teacher，came.She was young and pretty，and she was loved by every student 6 Donnie.It was her who made a big difference to Donnie later.One morning， they were doing math problems at the blackboard.Donnie had copied the problems clearly
26、 and 7 But hed missed the fourth problem and began to cry with his head in his arms.I didnt know what to do.Suddenly，a smile 8 on Marys face.From the desk she got a box 9 pencils.“Look，Donnie.” she said gently， kneeling (蹲在) beside him.“Ive got something to 10 you.” She removed the pencils，one at a
27、time.And placed them on his desk.“See these pencils，Donnie ？ ” she continued.“They 11 Mrs.Landon and me.See how the erasers are worn(磨损) ？Thats because we make mistakes too.But we erase the mistakes and try again.Thats what you 12 learn to do，too. ”She kissed him and stood up.“Here， ” she said， “Ill
28、 leave one of these pencils on 13 desk so youll remember that everybody makes mistakes，even teachers.” Donnie looked up with 14 in his eyes and smile.The pencil became Donnies prize.That，together with Marys encouragement，gradually made him understand 15 the meaning of making mistakes isits all right
29、 to make mistakes，as long as you erase them and try again.( C )1.A.similar Bactive Cimportant( A )2.A.offer Bpass Csend( B )3.A.puzzle Bworry Ccomplaint( C )4.A.always Busually Cseldom( C )5.A.since Bafter C until( A )6.A.including Bexcept Cwithout( B )7.A.simply Bcarefully Ccasually( A )8.A.appeare
30、d Bfroze Cdisappeared( C )9.A.made of Bcovered by Cfilled with( B )10.A.tell Bshow Cask( C )11.A.come to Brefer to Cbelong to( C )12.A.might Bcould Cmust( A )13.A.your Bhis C her( B )14.A.hate Blove Cfear( C )15.A.how Bwhy CwhatCloze 3 (2013，山西)( 导学号：36422349)When I was a young child，my parents ofte
31、n told me that a positive heart brought a man everything.I didnt understand and wondered why 1 has such a big influence on a person.And now，although Im just a middle school student，Id like to 2 my own opinions on this saying.Once I read a sentence “To make this world a 3 place to live in，rather than
32、 the whole world，youd better change your 4 ”It made me lost in thought.There are so many things around us that go 5 our will.We cant force life to follow our wishes.The earth wont 6 turning whether we accept it or not.What we can do is just to make ourselves suit the world.I think we should learn to
33、 7 welcome whatever life gives us，the spring sunlight or the winter snowfall，and try to get 8 from it.I have tried to catch every pleasant thing in my life，but I 9 catch most of the pleasant moments，such as being hugged by mother when in fear，being 10 by the teacher when in trouble， being helped by
34、a stranger when 11 I realize that I dont just live alone and that there are others around me I should 12 They all pay attention to my growing up，and are proud of my achievements 13 it is just a little progress.It is their care and love that 14 remind me I live in a warm and happy world.Different peo
35、ple may have different 15 towards life.But there is one rule that should be followed and that is to make the world better.( A )1.A.it Bhe Cshe( C )2.A.hold Bmake Cshow( A )3.A.nice Bdull Crich( B )4.A.job Bheart Ctaste( C )5.A.above Balong Cagainst( A )6.A.stop Bkeep Cstart( C )7.A.casually Bpolitel
36、y Cwarmly( C )8.A.friendship Bsuccess Cpleasure( B )9.A.wont Bcant Cneednt( C )10.A.invited Btrained Ccheered( B )11.A.in line Bin dangerCin agreement( A )12.A.think of Bhear of Cdream of( C )13.A.as for Bnow that Ceven though( B )14.A.never Boften Csometimes( C )15.A.plans Bhabits CattitudesCloze 4
37、(2012，山西)(导学号：36422350)When I was in primary school，I had a big argument with a boy in my class.I cant 1 what it was about，but I have never forgotten the 2 I learned that day.I was sure that I was right and he was wrong. 3 ，he strongly believed that I was wrong and he was right.The teacher decided t
38、o teach us a lesson.She 4 a good idea.She brought both of us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her grey desk and me on 5 In the middle of the desk was a large，round object.It was 6 for me to see that it was black.She asked the boy what color the object was.“ 7 ， ” he answered i
39、n a loud voice.I couldnt 8 that the object was white，considering that it was certainly black! One more argument started between the boy and me，this time 9 the color of the object.The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been.We changed 10 ，and
40、 then she asked me what the color of the object was.I 11 answer， “White.” It was then that I knew what was wrong.It was an object with two 12 colored sides，and from his side it was white. 13 from my side it was black.My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: You must 14 in other persons
41、 position(位置)and look at the 15 through their eyes in order to truly understand their ideas.( B )1.A.understand Bremember Cexplain( C )2.A.class Bsubject Clesson( C )3.A.Therefore BAlso CHowever( A )4.A.came up with B went on withCgot along with( C )5.A.another Bother Cthe other( B )6.A.hard Bclear
42、Clucky( B )7.A.Black BWhite CGrey( C )8.A.realize Bdescribe Cbelieve( C )9.A.like Bagainst Cabout( A )10.A.places Bobjects Copinions( C )11.A.could Bshould Chad to( B )12.A.similarly Bdifferently Cbrightly( A )13.A.But BStill COnly( B )14.A.appear Bstand Chide( A )15.A.situation Bdiscussion Csolutio
43、nCloze 1(2016，山西百校联考一模)(导学号： 36422351)My husband has been working in Shanghai for four months.Our 7yearold daughter Holly missed him very much.When I told her we would visit her father，she was so 1 that she told everyone she met.We left for Shanghai 2 Holly finished her exam.She couldnt wait to tell
44、 her father about her good grades.The train was pretty 3 Because I did not get the tickets online early， Holly and I were 4 .We could not get seats together.Holly was usually nervous about trips and 5 my reading to her the whole way.But this time it seemed it was not possible at all.When the two pas
45、sengers who shared my row found their seats.I asked 6 they would change places with Holly or me.They both 7 We felt very disappointed.At the same time，a mother and her two children several rows ahead of us also met the same 8 The mother could hold her baby，but her 6yearold son had to sit with 9 She
46、was worried about her son.But 10 offered to help her.At that very moment，I saw a group of teens on the train.Maybe they were from the same group.One of the teens 11 and said to the mother.“Aunt，we can help you.”He then rearranged(重新安排) 12 seats.Then there was space for the family to sit together.The
47、 mother was 13 to the teens.Holly was still upset. 14 ，there wasnt anything that I could do.We would have to sit where we were.Suddenly，the passenger next to me，turned and asked， “Would you and your daughter like our seats？” We changed 15 and continued our trip.Being together made our trip much bett
48、er.From this experience，I do know that kindness is contagious(传染的) ，and good deeds cause more good deeds!( A )1.A.excited B interested Cworried( C )2.A.before B until Cafter( C )3.A.empty B fast Cfull( B )4.A.praised Bseparated C. treated( A )5.A.depended on B put on Cdecided on( B )6.A.that B if Cwhen( B )7.A.agreed Brefused Creplied ( A )8.A.problem Bsubject Ctask ( C )9.A.relatives B classmates Cstrangers( C )10.A.everybody Bsomebody Cnobody( B )11.A.put up Bstood up Cgot up(
