1、专题二 代词,河北中考五年命题规律及趋势考纲要求1.人称代词 2.物主代词 3.反身代词 4.指示代词 5.不定代词(some，any，no) 6.疑问代词考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 选项设置 分值人称、物主与反身代词2015 27 形容词性物主 代词 my/her/his/your 1 分2014 27 名词性物主代 词 we/us/our/ours 1 分201327 名词性物主代 词 I/me/my/mine 1 分54 反身代词 itself/myself/himself/yourself 1 分2012 27 反身代词himself/herself/yourself/myself1
2、 分2011 27 形容词性物主 代词 he/him/his/himself 1 分不定代词2014 53 复合不定代词nobody/everybody/somebody/anybody1 分2013 30 复合不定代词something/anything/nothing/everything1 分2011 30 不定代词 a_few/few/a little/little 1 分指示代词2014 29 指示代词 one it/one/this/that 1 分2012 34 指示代词 it it/one/this/that 1 分分析河北近 5 年中考真题可以看出代词是河北中考近 5 年的必
3、考点。在单项选择中每年均会设置两道试题，其中必有 1 道人称代词或物主代词的考查，另外 1 道轮流考查不定代词和指示代词。不定代词的考查点偏向指物的不定代词 something/nothing/anything/everything 的考查，也会涉及普通不定代词 both/none/neither/either 的考查。另外，完形填空中也会涉及不定代词的辨析。对人称代词与物主代词的考查可以分为以下几种情况：(1)物主代词：考查的四个选项设置均为同一人称的不同形式，且偏向第一人称和第三人称，注重形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词与人称代词的混合辨析。做此类题时，学生应首先判断句中所缺成分和人称，若
4、其后紧跟名词，则为形容词性物主代词；若其后无名词，而是紧跟介词 of 或与名词词组并列，则为名词性物主代词。 (2)人称代词：主要考查宾格形式，位于介词后或固定结构中。如：introduce sb.to sb.(把某人介绍给某人)。(3)反身代词和指示代词：重点在于基本的词义辨析。另外，完形填空中也会涉及代词的辨析，学生应联系上下文判断所指人称或所指事物的类别。词语运用偶尔也会涉及人称代词与物主代词的运用。预计 2016 年河北中考的单项选择题会考查一道人称代词与物主代词的辨析和一道不定代词的辨析。,河北中考重难点突破代词人称代词主格(I，you，she 等)宾格(me ，you， her 等
5、)物主代词形容词性物主代词(my，your 等)名词性物主代词(mine，yours 等)反身代词(myself ，yourself，themselves 等)指示代词(this，that，these，those 等)相互代词(each other 和 one another)疑问代词(构成特殊疑问句： who，what 等)不定代词普通不定代词(some，any，few 等)复合不定代词(anyone，nothing 等)连接代词(引导宾语从句：who，what 等)关系代词(引导定语从句：who，whose 等)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词【考点抢测】一、词语运用I they she it
6、 we 1My parents showed _ some old pictures that brought back sweet memories.2There are lots of restaurants in our town.And most of _ are clean and cheap.3Many people think Peng Liyuan is the most beautiful First Lady.And _ songs are also wellknown.4Kitty is the name of my pet._ nose is very funny.5I
7、ts very important for us to learn how to learn by _二、单项选择( )6.My daughter is a great fan of Justin._ has most of Justins CDs.AShe BHer C He DHis( )7.We have noticed the problems，and we will discussed _ at the meeting.Ayou Bit Cthem Dus( )8.It is a good habit of _ to read a few lines before going to
8、bed.AI Bme Cmy Dmine( )9.Mandy loves to see films. Transformers(变形金刚) is _ favorite movie.Ashe Bher Chers DI( )10.Mom，Im old enough to wash _ own clothes and _You can have a rest after work.Amy；your Bmy；yoursCyour；my Dyours；mine【满分点拨】一、人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格在句中作主语和表语；宾格作动词或介词的宾语，也可作表语。人称代词的人称、数和格的变化如下：
9、人称单数 复数主格 宾格 主格 宾格第一人称 I me we us第二人称 you you you you第三人称he himshe herit itthey them二、物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词一般用于名词前修饰名词；而名词性物主代词本身就具有名词的性质，相当于“形容词性物主代词名词” 。如：This is my red schoolbag.This red schoolbag is mine.这个红色的书包是我的。物主代词具体分类如下：人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物 主代词第一人称单数形式 my mine复数形式 our ours第二人称
10、单数形式 your yours复数形式 your yours第三人称单数形式his hisher hersits its复数形式 their theirs三、反身代词1反身代词的单复数形式表格如下：数人称 单数 复数第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself 他自己herself 她自己itself 它自己themselves 他们自己她们自己它们自己2.反身代词的用法I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语)The childre
11、n made model planes themselves.(作同位语)That poor boy was myself.(作表语 )3反身代词的常用词组teach oneself 自学learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 过得愉快；玩得高兴help oneself to 随便吃/用come to oneself 苏醒hurt oneself 受伤by oneself 独自不定代词【考点抢测】( )1.(2015 石家庄 40 中模拟)The girl in purple is new here，so _ people know her.Afew Ba few C
12、little D a little( )2._ of the computers are working because of the power failure.AAll BBothCNone D No one( )3.There were only two paintings for sale and he bought _Aall Bany Cboth Dsome( )4.(2015 石家庄 41 中模拟) How did you get the MP4，from a shop or by TV?_I always like shopping online.ANone B Neither
13、 CBoth DAll( )5.Do you think _ of the students can take part in the Marathon Skating?Certainly they can.In fact，they make good use of _ skating lesson.Aeach ；every Bevery ； eachCeach；all Devery；every( )6.They are able to talk openly to one another whenever _ of them feels hurt.Aeither Bboth Cneither
14、 Dall( )7.(2015 沧州 8 中模拟)_ is waiting for you at the gate.He wants to say thanks to you.ASomebody BAnybodyCEverybody DNobody( )8.(2015 石家庄 28 中模拟)You dont have a drink.Can I get you _？Asomething BanythingCnothing Deverything【满分点拨】不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，兼有名词和形容词的功能，在句子中主要用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定
15、代词。一、普通不定代词1初中阶段常见的普通不定代词如下表：some，any few， little other，anothermany，much either，neithereach，every both，all none，one2.常考的几组易混不定代词辨析some 与 any序号 不定代词 用法 例句1some 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中。 Tom has some story books.Would you like some milk？any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中。 Are there any apples on the tree?There arent any buses.2
16、both 表示“两者都” 。 Toms parents are both doctors.either 表示“两者中的任何一个” ，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Either of the books is interesting.neither 表示“两者都不” ，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Neither of his friends has come yet.all ， any 与 none相同点 均用于三个或三个以上的人或物不同点all 指“三个或三个以上的人或物” ，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，其反义词为 noneany 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个” ，只能作定语none 指“三
17、个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个( 全否定)” ，相当于 not any注意：(1)no one 用来指人，不能接 of 短语，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。(2)none 不仅指人也可以指物，其后常跟 of 短语。none 代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。如：None of the information is correct.信息都不正确。None of the soldiers are(is) afraid of difficulties.战士们都不怕困难few，a few 和 little，a little如：The probl
18、em is too difficult.Few students can work it out.这道题太难了。没几个学生能做出来。She says little but does much.她说得少，做得多。each 与 every单词 用法及意义 例句each指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的每一个；意为“每个，各自的” ，强调个体。 There are trees and flowers on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有树和花。every 强调整体，表示“每个都” ；指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每一个。 Every student has read a
19、 poem.每个学生都读了一首诗。二、复合不定代词复合不定代词一直是河北中考的常考点，学生对此要熟练掌握。常见的复合不定代词如下：somebody(某人)anybody(任何人)nobody(没有人)everybody(每人)someone(某人)anyone(任何人)no one(没有人)everyone(每人)something(某事)anything(任何事)nothing(没有东西)everything(每一件事)1.由 some 构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于建议或请求的疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答。2由 any 构成的复合不定代词通常用于否定句和疑问句中。3
20、复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。4当形容词或 else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或 else 必须放在复合不定代词的后面。指示代词和疑问代词【考点抢测】( )1._ is time for us to have classes.AOne B It C Them DThis( )2.Harry Potter is such an interesting book that lots of teenagers like to read _Ait Bthis Cthat Done( )3.My friend has a lot of comic
21、books.I want to have _，too.Athis Bit Cthey Done( )4.(2015 沧州 14 中模拟)She is very friendly，and _ is why we all like her.Athis Bthat Cthese Dthose( )5._ would you like to choose to live in，Chengdu，Beijing or Shanghai?Chengdu，I think.AHow BWhat CWhen DWhich( )6.(2015 保定 13 中模拟) _ are they?They are Chops
22、ticks Brothers who sings the song Little Apple.AWhat B WhoCHow DWhere【满分点拨】一、指示代词1指示代词的分类代词 用法 例句it 特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物。 The book is mine.Its very interesting.one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个， 同类而不同一。 Who has a novel named Tiny Times?I have one.that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名 词，以避免重复。 The weather in Beijing is colder than t
23、hat in Shenzhen.this 常用来指代离自己较近的人或物。 This is my friend.2.it 的常见用法it 可替代动词不定式作句中的形式主语或宾语，也可用于某些固定句型中。(1)用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：Itsadj.(for sb.)to do sth.Its important for us to work hard.对我们来说努力工作是重要的。Its time to do/for /thatIts time to get up.到起床的时间了。Its time for lunch/that we go home.到吃午饭的时候了。/ 到回家的时间了。It
24、 seems thatIt seems that he is quite happy.他看起来似乎很高兴。Its ones turn to do sth.Its your turn to sing.现在轮到你唱了。Itsadj.that 从句It is necessary that we students do some reading every day.我们学生每天读书是必要的。(2)作形式宾语Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line？你认为学会排队是必要的吗？I found it important to learn Engli
25、sh well.我发现学好英语很重要。I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。二、疑问代词疑问代词 主要用法 例句who作主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时在口语中不能放在介词后)。 Who wants to go with me？whom who 的宾格形式，作宾语。 To whom are you talking？whose who 的所有格形式，作表语、 定语。 Whose book is this？what/whowhat 询问某人的职业。 Whats your father?
26、He is a worker.who 询问某人的身份、姓名。 Who is the boy under the tree?He is Li Ming.what/whichwhat 指不定数目中的“哪一个，哪些；什么” ，没有一定范围的限定。What would you like？which“哪一个，哪一些 ”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物。Which one do you like best？相对于疑问代词而言，初中阶段还有两个疑问副词经常在考试中出现，学生也应该重点掌握，第一个是how，通常表示方式。另一个是 where，表示地点。,河北中考考点精练( )1.(2015 鄂州中考)Do you
27、 know _ this iPhone 5 belongs to?Let me see.Oh，its _.Awhose ；her B whose；hersCwho；her Dwho；hers( )2.(2015 南通中考)Smoking brings me a lot of ideas.Stop that! After all，_ is more important than health.Anothing BsomethingCanything Deverything( )3.(2015 淄博中考)Since Peter isnt here，may I have a message for
28、_？Athem Bhim Cher D me( )4.(2015 攀枝花中考)We find _ impossible for us to learn physics well in a short time.Athat B it Cthis Done( )5.(2015 抚顺中考)Would you like some more carrots or tomatoes?_，thanks.Im full.ANeither BBothCNone D Either( )6.(2015 长春中考)I bought _ for my mother on Mothers Day this year.As
29、pecial anythingBanything specialCspecial somethingDsomething special( )7.(2015 沈阳中考)Jane looked carefully at _ in the mirror before going outside.Aher BhimCherself Dhimself( )8.(2015 宁夏中考)What happened?I fell down and hurt _.Amy Bmine CI Dmyself( )9.(2015 遵义中考改编)Of the three reading rooms，one is nea
30、r，but_ two are far.Aother Bthe othersCthe other Danother( )10.(2015 六盘水中考)We must protect animals，they are _ friends.Awe Bour Cours Dus( )11.(2015 宿迁中考)Id like some more apple juice.Sorry，theres _ left.Anothing BnoneCfew Da few( )12.(2015 镇江中考)Which of the two subjects do you like，P.E. or music?_.Th
31、ey are really interesting.ANeither BBothCNone D All( )13.(2015 秦皇岛中考模拟)Do you see that goodlooking young man? _ is a famous Korean film star.AHe BHisCHim DHimself( )14.(2015 衡水中考模拟)We should tell the truth.We cant say one thing to one person and_ thing to someone else.Aother BanotherCthe other Done
32、more( )15.(2015 邢台中考模拟) Morning，class.Is _ here today?No，sir.Tom is absent.He is ill at home.Aanybody BeverybodyCnobody Dsomebody( )16.(2015 唐山友谊中学模拟) What do you think of your host family，Jim?Great.They try _ best to make me feel at home.Athey Btheir Cthem Dtheirs( )17.(2015 唐山龙泉中学模拟)I have a big b
33、rother._ name is Paul.AHis BHer CHe DYour( )18.(2015 保定 13 中模拟)At present，children mean _ to most parents in China.Aeverything BnothingCanything Dsomething( )19.(2016 原创预测)My star sign is Virgo and my characteristics are similar to _ described in that book.Athem Bthese Cones Dthose( )20.(2016 原创预测)L
34、ook at the girl in the red skirt._ is my new classmate.AShe BIt CHe D This( )21.(2016 原创预测)Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world.That is，it is larger than _ country in Asia.Aany Bany otherCother Danother( )22.(2016 原创预测)Im looking for a bank，but I cant find _.Ait Bone Cthis Dthat( )23.(2016 原创预测)Televisions have made_ possible for us to watch movies at home.Athat Bthis Cit Dthey( )24.(2016 原创预测)You can take _ of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.Aboth Bnone Ceither Dneither
