1、专题十四 复合句宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句河北中考五年命题规律及趋势考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 选项设置 分值宾语从句2015 40how they are playing/what_they_are_doing /where they are going/why they are practicing1 分2014 45 引导词和语意where you buy the tickets/why you like to go there/if_youd_like_to_come_along/when you watch the match1 分2013 442012 45 引导词和时态wha
2、t it is/what it was/where_it_is/where it was1 分what_they_say/what they said/which they say/which they said1 分2011 45 时态和语序when_she_will_come_back/when she came 1 分back/when will she come back/when did she come back定语从句 2011 43 who 指代人 who/whom/whose/which 1 分宾语从句为河北近 5 年中考的必考点。单项选择题对宾语从句的考查侧重其引导词、语序
3、、时态，一般都会涉及至少两个考查点。主要表现在三方面：语序正确，但引导词和时态不同；引导词相同，但语序和时态不同；时态一致，但引导词和语序不同。语句设置多为 2 个单句，词数为 1314。而且宾语从句通常会出现一些固定的词语，如：I wonder，Can you tell me，I didnt understand等。定语从句在 2012 年之前为单项选择的必考点，但 2012 年之后考纲明确规定单选中不再涉及对定语从句的考查，而是在语篇阅读中渗透对定语从句的考点。预测 2016 年河北中考的单项选择必定会出现一道题来考查宾语从句，至少涉及两个考查点。河北中考重难点突破宾语从句【考点抢测】1h
4、e，more，math ，is ，than，difficult，English，think_.2know，rain，whether，evening，I，it，this，dont_.3very ，think，your，I，is，nice ，dress_.4know，I，to，if，come，he，tomorrow ，want_.( )5.Could you tell me_？By searching the Internet.Ahow you got the informationBwhy you got the informationChow did you get the informati
5、onDwhy did you get the information( )6.I dont know _ coffee.Awhat she is so crazy aboutBwhat is she so crazy aboutCwhy she is so crazy aboutDwhy is she so crazy about( )7.Could you please tell me _？I have something important to tell him.Awhere is Sam Bwhere Sam isCwhat is Sam Dwhat Sam is( )8.My pen
6、 pal from America is coming to visit me.Im thinking about _.Ahow I gave her a surpriseBhow I will give her a surpriseCwhether I planned a trip for herDwhether I will plan a trip for her【满分点拨】宾语从句 构成规则 例句连接词1.that 在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略2 what，when，where，how， whatever，whenever ，wherever，who， whom，whose
7、等特殊疑问词作连接词3当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，连接词用whether 或 if，表示“是否”Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia？你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？Please tell me how you go to school.请告诉我你怎样去学校的。语序 从句一律用陈述语序，即主 语谓语Do you know where Tom lives？你知道汤姆住哪儿吗？时态1.主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.我听说乔昨
8、天去北京了。I hear Joe will leave for Beijing.我听说乔要去北京了。2.主句是过去时，从句使用过去时的某种形式Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凯特说昨天这个时间她在看电视。Kate said she was going to school soon.凯特说她马上去学校。3.从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。注意：在介词之后，动词不
9、定式之前或在 or 之前，只用 whether，不用 if。如：I cant decide whether to buy this bike or not.我不能决定是否买这辆自行车。状语从句【考点抢测】( )1.(2015 石家庄 40 中模拟) When will your aunt leave for Shanghai?I dont know，but Ill call you as soon as she _.Aleaves Bwill leaveCleft Dleave( )2.Betty will ring me up when she _ in Shanghai.Aarrive B
10、arrivesCarrived Dwill arrive( )3.My brother will travel around the world if he _ lots of money.Ahas Bhave Chad Dhaving( )4.Some of the students are nearsighted _ they spend too much time watching TV or playing online games.Awhen B thoughCbecause Dunless( )5.Youd better look up the new word in a dict
11、ionary _ you dont know it.Aif BthatCthough Dwhether( )6.I wont take part in Jacks birthday party _ I am invited.Aunless Bafter Cbecause D if【满分点拨】河北中考对状语从句的考查一般都会和从属连词相结合，主要为在状语从句中考查从属连词的运用与辨析。学生对此部分的学习可与专题五结合。具体用法如下：状语从句的分类 从句的引导词 例句时间状语从句when/while/as(当时) ，before(在之前) ，after(在之后)，since(自从 )，notunt
12、il(直到才)，as soon as(一就)I was doing my homework when my mother came in.当我妈妈进来的时候，我正在写作业。He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。条件状语从句if(如果)，as long as( 只要) ，unless(除非)Unless bad weather stops me， I go for a walk every day.我每天都会去散步，除非遇上坏天气。原因状语从句because(因为)，since(既然)，as(由于)I like t
13、o eat apples because its good for my health.我喜欢吃苹果，因为它对我的健康有益。Since everyone is here，lets begin our meeting.既然每个人都在这儿，我们开始开会吧。目的状语从句so that(以便，为了 )，in order that(为了)He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上起得都很早，以便能赶上公交车。结果状语从句so that(结果是) ，sothat/suchthat(如此以至于)Its so hot th
14、at nobody wants to go out.天太热，以至于没人想出去。让步状语从句though/although(尽管，虽然)，even if(即使)，whatever( 无论什么) ，wherever(无论哪里)，whenever( 无论何时)Wherever you go，I will go with you.无论你去哪儿，我都跟着你。Whenever you come，I will wait for you.无论你什么时候来，我都会等你。比较状语从句than(比 )，asas( 和一样)，not as/soas(不如)He is as tall as Tom.他和汤姆一样高。地点
15、状语从句where(的地方 )，wherever(无论哪里) Sit wherever you like.请随便坐。注意：英语中有些时间和条件状语从句必须遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为一般将来时态时，它所引导的状语从句使用一般现在时表达将来的意思，这时主句和从句所表达的时态在意义上仍然保持一致。常见的应使用“主将从现”原则的连词有：表示时间的when，while，after，before，until，till，whenever，as soon as，as long as，once 等；表示条件的 if，unless，so long as， in case 等。定语从句【考点抢测】( )1.I
16、can never forget the stories _ my grandma told me.Awhat BwhoCthem Dthat( )2.The designers _ helped us build the library are from the UK.Awhich BwhomCwho Dwhose( )3.The school and teachers _ he loves so much often come into his dreams.Athat BwhoCwhich Dwhom( )4.I will never forget the days during _ I
17、 lived with my closest friend.Athat BwhichCwho Dwhen( )5.That is the girl from _ you borrowed the book yesterday.Awhom BwhoseCthat Dwho【满分点拨】关系词 功能 先行词 例句that，who主语、宾语、表语whom，that 宾语 人、物Do you know the girl who/that often comes here？你认识经常来这儿的那个女孩吗？Hes the boy(whom/that) I talked with just now.他就是刚才和
18、我说话的男孩。that，which主语、宾语、表语事、物A dictionary is a book that/which gives the meaning of words.字典是一本解释单词意思的书。时间Ill never forget the days(that/which) we spent together.我将永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。地点The school(that/which) we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai.昨天我们参观的那个学校是上海的一所名校。注意：定语从句中引导词只能用 that 的情况：(1)
19、当先行词为 anything，everything，nothing 等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。如：Is there anything that I can do for you？我能为你做点什么吗？(2)当先行词为 all，any ，much，many 等词时，只能使用 “that”。如：Tom told her mother all that had happened.汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that” 。如：This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.这是我度过
20、的最美好的时光。(4)当先行词是被序数词修饰时，只能使用“that” 。如：He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。(5)当先行词被 the only，the very，the same，the last 修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他可以得到的最后一次机会。He is the only person that can help you out.他是唯一能帮你的人。(6)先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能使用“that”
21、。如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人。(7)当主句是以 who，which 开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是 who 时，只能使用“that”。如：Which is the book that he borrowed from the library yesterday？哪本书是他昨天从图书馆借的？河北中考考点精练( )1.(2015 雅安中考)If Nick _ home too late，he _ his favorite cartoon.Agets；mi
22、ssesBgets；will missCwill get；missesDwill get；will miss( )2.(2015 孝感中考)Chinas Got Talent is _ interesting _ many people like watching it.Atoo；to Benough；toCso；that Dsuch；that( )3.(2015 保定 8 中模拟)The woman _ is the most important in my life is my mother.Awhich BwhoCwhom Dwhat( )4.(2015 德州中考)I wonder _.
23、Yes， of course.Awhere we can buy the partsBhow often you hear from your sisterCif I may have a word with youDwhy he arrived late yesterday( )5.(2015 南京中考)I saw David in the teachers office this morning.Do you know _ he was there?He went there to hand in his homework.Ahow BwhetherCwhen D why( )6.(201
24、5 广安中考)Im sorry Im late.Could you tell me _？Awhy you are late againBwhy are you late againCwhat were you doingDwho did you talk with( )7.(2015 泰安中考)Why are you so worried?Ive lost the watch_ my dad bought me on my birthday.Awhom BwhoCwhose Dwhich( )8.(2015 唐山 9 中模拟) What did he ask just now?He wonde
25、red _.Aif they would meet at the school gateBwhen would they startCthat they would take some foodDhow they will get there( )9.(2015 温州中考)Ms.Perry ，can you tell me _？Africa.Awhat the baby giraffe likes eatingBwhy the baby giraffe looks unhappyBwhen the baby giraffe was bornDwhere the baby giraffe cam
26、e from( )10.(2015 广州中考)Could you tell me _ a moment ago?Awhat were they talking aboutBwhat are they talking aboutCwhat they were talking aboutDwhat they are talking about( )11.(2015 滨州中考)Im going to buy a car.Any advice，Charlie?Well，it depends on _.If money isnt a problem，you can buy a BMW.Awhen wil
27、l you buy oneBwhat color do you likeChow much you can affordDwhere you are driving( )12.(2015 泰安中考)Could you please tell me _ you will go to Hong Kong on business?Sure.I prefer to take a plane.Awhether BwhyCwhen D how( )13.(2015 重庆中考)Id like to know _.Maybe in the forest.Awhether we will go campingB
28、where we will go campingCwhether will we go campingDwhere will we go camping( )14.(2015 潍坊中考)I wonder_ the idea to Daming.He still looks angry.Aif have you mentionedBwhat have you mentionedCif you have mentionedDwhat you have mentioned( )15.(2015 贵港中考)Youll do much better in your exam _ youre more c
29、areful with your spelling.Aif BalthoughCunless Dwhether( )16.(2015 连云港中考)Do you know_ Deng Chao is?He is an actor.He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now.Awhich BwhenCwhat Dhow( )17.(2015 临沂中考)The police wondered _.Awhose handbag it isBwhose handbag it wasCwhose handbag
30、is itDwhose handbag was it( )18.(2015 内江中考)Excuse me.Could you please tell me _？Ahow get to the Pacific CinemaBhow I got to Pacific CinemaChow I can get to the Pacific CinemaDhow should I get to the Pacific Cinema( )19.(2015 资阳中考)Excuse me，madam.Could you please tell me _ the bus arrives?Sure.At 9：00.Awhere BwhenCwhy Dhow( )20.(2015 盐城中考)In the UK.，a lady usually doesnt like to be asked _.Awhether has she got marriedBhow old is sheCwhere she comes fromDhow much she weighs
