1、八年级(下) Units 710中考基础知识梳理类别 课标考点要求词汇攻关 1.tour(名词)观光者_tourist_2.achieve(名词)_achievement_3.protect(名词)_protection_4.keep( 名词)_keeper_5.remain(形容词)_remaining_6.French( 名词)法国_ France_7.laugh( 名词)笑声_ laughter_8.introduce(名词)_introduction_9.freeze(形容词)_freezing_10.excite(名词)_excitement_(形容词)令人兴奋的_ exciting
2、_( 形容词)感到兴奋的_excited_ 11.Japan( 名词)日本人_Japanese_12.most(副词)_mostly_13.memory( 动词)_memorize_14.scarf (复数) _scarves/scarfs_15.certain(副词)_certainly_16.make(名词)_maker _17.invent(名词)发明_invention_(名词)发明者_inventor_18.fox(复数)_foxes_19.it( 反身代词)_ itself_ (物主代词)_its_20.German(复数)_Germans_( 名词)德国_Germany_短语归纳
3、 1.据我所知_as_far_as_I _know_2.吸入；吞入 (体内) _take_in_3.面对 (问题、困难等)_in_the_face_of_4.即使；虽然_even_though/if_5.太平洋_the_Pacific_Ocean_6.出生时 _at_birth_7.到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于 _up_to_8.走路时撞着 _walk_into_9.绊倒 _fall_over_10.大约_or_so_11.满是的； (有)大量的；(有) 丰富的_full_of_12.赶快；急忙( 做某事)_hurry_up_ 13.科幻小说_science _fiction_14.
4、乡村音乐_country _music_15.自从_ever_since_16.互相_one _another/each_other_17.属于_belong _to_18.努力做某事 _try_to_do_sth._19.游乐场_amusement_park _20.茶艺_tea_art_21.茶具_tea_set_22.两个；一对；几个_a_couple_of_23.数以千计的；许许多多的_thousands_of_24.一方面另一方面_on_the_one_handon_the_other_hand_句型再现 1.尼罗河长6 671千米。The Nile is _6_671_kilome
5、ters_long_.2.你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？Did you know that China is _one_of_the_oldest_countries_ in the world？3.在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。_Feel_free_to_ask_ me anything on todays Great Wall tour.4.“你看过小妇人这本书了吗？”“不，我没有。”_Have_ you_read_ Little Women _yet_？No，_I_havent_.5.读书报告两周后必须上交。The book report _is_due_ i
6、n two weeks. 6.我叫他星期五，因为我是在那天遇见的他 。I _named_him_Friday_ because that was the day I met him.7.汤姆乐队一定很受欢迎。The Toms _must_be_ popular.8.我希望有一天看到他现场演唱！I _hope_to_see_ him _sing_live_ one day！9.实在是遗憾，但我就是没有时间_Its_a_shame_，but I just dont have the time10.我们决定每人出售五件不再使用的物品。We _have_decided_ to each sell fi
7、ve things that we _no_longer_ use.语法结构 现在完成时。话题 1.Literature and music(文学和音乐 )2.Fun places(有趣的地方) 3.Living environment(生活环境 )贵阳五年中考真题演练词汇类1(2013贵阳92题)Fast food _itself_(it)isnt always bad for you，but too much of it is not good.2(2013贵阳90题)Every year，Guiyang attracts larger numbers of tourists，_espec
8、ially_ in summer.动词的时态( A ) 3.(2014贵阳37题)Our teachers are very friendly to us.We _ friends since three years ago.Ahave been Bhave becomeCwould be倒装句( A ) 4.(2016贵阳37题)“Tara is good at singing English songs.”“_”ASo am I BSo do ICSo will I贵阳中考重难点突破even though (even if)即使；虽然【满分点拨】even though和as if的用法辨析
9、even thougheven if 即使，虽然 引导让步状语从句时，even if引导的从句含有强烈的假定性； even though则多以从句的内容为前提as ifas though 似乎，好像 在look，seem等系动词后引导表语从句引导方式状语从句，多用虚拟语气表示非真实的情况【考点抢测】1Mr.Li always speaks _as_ _though/if_(好像)he knew everything.( A ) 2.(2016随州中考改编)I really want to join the square dance.Can I learn the dance well?Yes，
10、 Mom！Nothing is impossible_you put your heart into it!Aas long as Bas soon asCeven if( C )3.( 2014衢州中考)_ Frank left school at 16，he still became a successful writer.AEver since B After all CEven thoughfull of 满是的；( 有)大量的；(有) 丰富的【满分点拨】full和 fill的不同用法(1)full adj.“满的”，反义词为empty，意为“空的”；(2)fill v“充满”，反义词
11、为empty，意为“倒空”；(3)be full of“装满，充满 ”(强调状态)；(4)be filled with“装满，充满 ”(强调动作)【图解助记】full与 fill的区别【考点抢测】4Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island _full_of_(full of，fill of)treasures.5The box is full of books now.(改为同义句)The box _is_ _filled_ _with_ books now.( B )6.( 2013莱芜中考)If
12、you read a lot，your life will be full _ pleasure.Aby Bof Cforhurry up赶快；急忙( 做某事)【满分点拨】hurry构成的不同短语(1)作名词，意为“匆忙；急忙”，常用短语：in a hurry赶快；急忙be in a hurry to do sth.do sth.in a hurry(2)作动词，意为“赶紧；匆忙”，常用短语：hurry to someplace匆忙赶去某地hurry to do sth.匆忙做某事hurry up赶快hurry off匆忙离开【考点抢测】7_Hurry_ _up_(快点)，or we cant
13、 get to the railway station on time.8Mr.Green left his office _ in_(in，on，for)a hurry after he answered the telephone.( B )9.( 2013泰州中考) Its too hard for me to be a trailwalker.Never _Believe in yourself!Aput up Bgive up Churry upbelong to属于【满分点拨】belong to的两种用法(1)belong to意为“属于”，to为介词，后接名词或人称代词的宾格作宾
14、语，后面不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格。(2)belong to不能用于进行时，也不能用于被动语态，可以与“be名词性物主代词”进行替换。【误区警示】belong to后接代词作宾语，需用宾格形式。表示某物属于某人。如：This new bike belongs to you.This new bike is yours.这辆新自行车属于你。【考点抢测】10那栋大房子属于史密斯先生。That big house _belongs_ _to_ Mr. Smith.11Lingling，is that book yours ？( 改为同义句)Lingling，does that book _be
15、long_ _to_ _you_？( A ) 12.(2014丹东中考)Are these books yours，Mike?No，they arent.They belong to _Ahim Bhis C herssomewhere adv.在某处【满分点拨】somewhere，anywhere，everywhere和nowhere 的用法辨析somewhere “某个地方”，常用于肯定句中anywhere (1)常用于一般疑问句及否定句中，not anywherenowhere(2)用于肯定句中时，意为“ 任何地方”everywhere “任何地方”，相当于here and theren
16、owhere “没有地方”，表示否定【温馨提示】复合不定代/副词被形容词修饰时，形容词要后置。如：I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。I want to move somewhere warm.我想搬到某个温暖的地方。【考点抢测】13让我们今天去不同的地方吧。Lets go _somewhere_ _different_ today.14He can find it somewhere.(改为否定句)He _cant_ find it _anywhere_thousands of数以千计的【满分点拨】表示确数 用 “基数词 hu
17、ndred/thousand/million/可数名词复数”表示约数 用“hundreds/thousands/millions/of可数名词复数 ”【考点抢测】( C )15.( 2016安顺中考)Unluckily，_people were killed in the earthquake.Athousand ofBtwo thousands ofCthousands of( C )16.( 2016怀化中考)During the May Day holiday, _ visitors came to Zhijiang to visit the Memorial Hall of Flyin
18、g Tigers.Athousand of BthousandsCthousands ofconsider v注视；仔细考虑【满分点拨】(1)consider作“ 考虑，细想”讲时，后跟名词、代词、动名词、从句或“疑问词不定式”结构。considerthat 从句 认为consider doing sth. 考虑做某事(2)consider作“ 认为，把看作”讲时，后跟宾语从句或复合宾语。常用词组consideras/be considered as(被动) 意为“ 认为是/被认为是”。【考点抢测】17Today ，to hold the Olympic Games is_considered
19、 (consider) as a rich prize for a country.18你是否考虑过如何到那里？Have you _considered_ _how_ to get there?( C )19.( 2013黄冈中考) I dont know where to go this summer vacation.Why not _ visiting Huanggang？There are many places of interest there.Asuggest Bwonder C considerIf were only talking about the parts from
20、the Ming Dynasty，its about 8，850 kilometers long.如果我们只谈论明朝部分的话，它大约8 850千米长。 【满分点拨】长/宽/高/深的两种表达方式(1)若计量表达用作表语，则用“数字量词( 复数)形容词(long/wide/high/deep等)”结构。对计量进行提问要用句型：How形容词be主语？如：The road is about five kilometers long，four meters wide.这条路大约五千米长，四米宽。(2)若计量表达用作前置定语，则用复合形容词，即“数字量词 (单数)形容词(long/wide/high/de
21、ep等)”来表达。如：This is a 20meterhigh sculpture.这是一座20米高的雕像。【考点抢测】( C )20.( 2014兰州中考) How long is the bridge?Its _A300meterlongB300meters longC300 meters longHave you decided which book to write about yet?你已决定要写哪本书了吗？Yes， I have.是的，我决定了。【满分点拨】“have/has过去分词”，表示过去动作对现在造成的影响或结果，是现在完成时。如：His father has gone
22、to the bank already.他的父亲已经去银行了。(不在谈话的地点 )【考点抢测】( C )21.( 2016宁夏中考改编)Look！Someone _the classroom.Well，it wasnt me.I didnt do it.Ais cleaning Bwas cleaningChas cleaned( C )22.( 2014襄阳中考) When will you hand in your book report?Sorry. Im not sure. I _writing it yet.Adidnt finishBhadnt finishedChavent fi
23、nishedHave you ever been to the space museum?你曾去过太空博物馆吗？No，I havent.不，我没有去过。【满分点拨】have gone to， have been to与have been in 的辨析have gone to“到某地去了” ，人不在说话现场have been to“曾去过某地” ，强调往返的经历，已经回来have been in“在某地待了多久 ”，强调过去到现在一直待在某地【图解助记】have/has been to与have/has gone to的区别【注意】当have/has been to和have/has gone
24、to后跟某些地点副词，如here，there 和home等时，介词to要省略。【考点抢测】( A ) 23.(2016苏州中考改编)Hobo and Eddie _ the cinema to watch the film Zootopia.Oh，thats why I cant find them now.Ahave gone to Bhave been toChas gone toMe neither. 我也没有。【满分点拨】Me neither.意为“我也没有。”是倒装句 “Neither/Norbe/助动词/情态动词与前句不同的主语”的缩略式。用于后一句所述情况与前一句陈述的否定情况相
25、同，即“甲不怎样，乙也不怎样”。如：She doesnt like playing basketball，neither do I She doesnt like playing basketball，me neither.她不喜欢打篮球，我也不喜欢。【温馨提示】倒装句中的be/助动词/情态动词及时态必须与前面陈述句中的be/助动词/情态动词保持一致；动词的数要和主语保持一致。【考点抢测】( B )24.( 2016衡阳中考二模)Oh, my god! Recently I have put on 5 pounds._. I think I should lose weight.ASo do
26、I B So have ICNeither do I( C )25.( 2014宜宾中考) Im not going swimming this afternoon._I have to help my mother do some cleaning.ASo am I BSo I amCNeither am IIve had this bike for three years.我买这辆自行车三年了。【满分点拨】现在完成时表示“延续”的用法当句中有“for一段时间”或“since时间点”等时，句子谓语动词必须是延续性动词；若是非延续性动词要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语) 。如：His bro
27、ther has been a soldier for two years.His brother has been a soldier since two years ago.他哥哥参军两年了。【考点抢测】( B )26.( 2016黑龙江中考)Lei Feng _ for many years，but his spirit is still encouraging us.Adied B has been deadChas died热点素材拓展阅读短文，根据短文内容，从所给选项中选择适当的句子填入短文空白处，使文意通顺。Tiangong2 blastoff successfully (天宫二
28、号成功发射)Tiangong2 takes China one step closer to space stationChinas Tiangong2 space lab set off on Thursday，September 15，2016, marking another milestone in its increasingly space program，1. _D_In a cloud of smoke under a midutumn full moon, Tiangong2 went into the air at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch
29、Center in northwest Chinas Gobi desert, on the back of a Long MarchFT2 rocket at 10：04 pm. Beijing Time.Later, the Shenzhou11 manned spacecraft will carry two astronauts into space to dock with(与对接)the lab. 2._B_In April 2017, Chinas first space cargo(货物) ship Tianzhou1，will be sent into orbit(轨道) t
30、o dock with the space lab, providing fuel(燃料) and other supplies. They will also use the lab, which is designed to operate for at least two years，3._A_4_E_ It is designed to enable two astronauts to live in space for up to 30 days and to receive manned and cargo spaceships. It will do many more expe
31、riments. Once the space lab mission comes to an end, China will start building our own space station.The Chinese space station will be much smaller than the current International Space Station (ISS). It will weigh 420 tons, but it can be expanded for scientific research and international cooperation
32、. With the ISS set to retire in 2024, the Chinese station will offer a promising alternative(替代), and 5._C_Ato direct and lead a large number of space science experiments.BThe astronauts will work in the lab for 30 days before returning to Earth.CChina will be the only country with a permanent(永久的 ) space station.Dwhich expects to go to Mars by the next ten years and set up its own space station by around 2020.ETiangong2s living room and life support system have been improved to allow longer astronaut stays.
