1、 八年级(上) Units 56,河北中考基础知识梳理)类别 课标考点要求重点词汇1._scientist_n科学家2_engineer_n工程师；技师3_pilot_n飞行员4_ height_n高度；身高5_number_n数字；号码6_opposite_n&adj.相反(的) ；相对的7_artist_n艺术家；(尤指)画家8._strict_adj.严厉的；严格的9 _punish_v处罚；惩罚10 _wise_adj.聪明的；智慧的；明智的11_allow _v允许12_environment _n 环境13_imagine _v想像；想到14_imagination_n想像；想像力
2、15._machine_n机器；机械16_pull_v 拉；拖17_passenger_n乘客18_seldom_adv.不常；罕见；难得19 _Britain_英国(地名)20_station _n站；所；车站词汇拓展1.height (形容词)_high _2grow ( 过去式)_grew_(过去分词)_grown_3scientist(名词)科学_science_(形容词) 科学的 _scientific_4.manager(动词)_manage_5 smooth(副词)_smoothly_6appear( 反义词 )消失_ disappear_7.invention( 动词) _in
3、vent_ (动词) 发明家_inventor_8actor(动词)_act_(名词) 动作，行为_action_(名词) 女演员 _actress_短语互译1._give_a_talk_做演讲/ 报告2_be_nice _to_对好3_ grow_up_长大；成长4 _a_fear_of_heights_恐高5_stop_(from)doing_阻止；防止6_take _steps_to_采取措施做7_run_a_ business_经营生意8_no_matter_what _无论9 _on_foot_步行；徒步10_be_born_出生；产生；形成11._get_on/off_上/下(车、
4、船等)12_be_able_to _能；能够13_stay_up_late_熬夜14_ turn_on_打开 (电脑，收音机，电视等)15_travel_at_the _speed_of_light_以光速行使16_all _the_time_一直；向来17_from _now_on_从现在开始18_think_of_想出；想起；记起19_jump_down _跳下20_more_than_超过；多于句型温故1.你长大后可能会成为一名科学家。You _might_be_ a scientist _when_ you grow up.2我希望长大后成为一名医生。I _hope_to_be_ a
5、doctor when I grow up.3成为一名发明家是不容易的。_Its_ not easy _to_become_ an 6.你可以坐船去你的家乡。You could _take_a_ship_to_ your hometown!7但是用输送器，它将只花几秒钟。But _with_ a transporter， it would _take_ just a few seconds.8在未来，汽车大概会用水或者太阳能来给它们提供动力。In the future，cars _will_ probably _use_ water or sun energy _to_ power them.
6、9我希望你的演讲进展顺利。I hope your presentation _goes_well_.inventor.4我们最大的目标是快乐。Our _biggest_ goal is _to_be_ happy.5如果你们努力学习，你们的未来会很好。Your future _will_be_ good if you _work_hard_.语法总览1.情态动词： might，would。2形容词的比较级和最高级。 3.动词不定式。话题再现 1.My Future(我的未来) 2.Go with Transportation(交通出行),河北五年中考真题演练)语法类 情态动词( A )1.(2
7、017年30 题)I have travelled a lot.I _ speak four languages.Acan B may Cmust Dneed( A )2.(2013年34 题)_ I see your ID card，sir？We have to check your information.AMay BMust CShould D Need非谓语动词( B )3.(2013年39题)The children decide _ their school yard this Friday afternoon.Aclean Bto clean Ccleaning Dcleaned
8、形容词比较等级4(2017年77题)On Friday afternoon，our school ends _earlier_(early) than usual.( B )5.(2017年32题)Mr.Hu is a really nice personthe _ person I know.Anicer Bnicest C happier Dhappiest( D )6.(2014年41 题)Water is the cheapest drink.And its also _.AhealthierBhealthiestCthe healthierDthe healthiest( D )7.
9、(2013年34 题)Of all the subjects，chemistry seems to be _ for me.Adifficult Btoo difficultCmore difficult Dthe most difficult,河北中考重难点突破)advice 的用法【考点抢测】( C )(2017上海中考)Did the policeman give much _ on how to protect personal information?Anote Btip Cadvice Dbook【考点剖析】advice n劝告；建议 来源:学优高考网gkstk搭配(1)give
10、advice to sb.意为“给某人提建议”。如：He gave us some good advice on how to learn English.他就怎样学习英语给了我们一些好建议。(2)ask for sb.s advice意为“征求某人的意见”。(3)take/follow the advice意为“采纳建议；接受忠告”。如：Please follow the doctors advice.请遵医嘱。注意：在指某方面的建议时，advice常与介词on连用。如：I asked the teacher for some advice on grammar.我向老师询问了一些语法方面的
11、建议。辨析advice与suggestion二者都是名词，都表示“建议；劝告”的意思。其中advice是不可数名词，suggestion是可数名词。若表示“一条建议”，可说a piece of advice或a suggestion；表示“一些建议”应用some advice或some suggestions。【考点拓展】advice的动词形式为 advise，意为“劝告，忠告；提出建议”，常用搭配：advise sb.(not) to do sth.建议某人(不要)做某事。如： 来源:gkstk.ComThe doctor advised me to give up smoking.医生建议
12、我戒烟。辨析can和be able to【考点抢测】也许你会为他们不能找到解决空气污染问题的方法而担心。Maybe you fear that they wont _be_ _able_ _to_ find the solutions to the problem of air pollution.【考点剖析】can，be able to二者都可搭配动词原形，表示“能力”。(1)can无人称和数的变化，主要用于现在时(can) 和过去时(could) ；而be able to有人称、时态及数的变化，可用于各种时态，也可用于助动词、情态动词和不定式之后。当表示“现在或过去的能力”时，两者可以互换
13、。如：Kate could ride a horse at the age of 6.Kate was able to ride a horse at the age of 6.凯特六岁时就会骑马。Frank is ill.He hasnt been able to go to school for one week.弗兰克病了，他已经一周没去上学了。(2)can可以表示请求、许可，也可以表推测；而be able to则不能。如：My father cant be at home now.我爸爸现在不可能在家。stop doing/to do与stopfrom 用法【考点抢测】1那两个女孩见到
14、李老师就停止了讲话。The two girls stopped _talking_ when they saw Mr.Li.2那两个女孩看到李老师就停下来和他讲话。When they saw Mr.Li，the two girls stopped _to _talk_ to him.3The parents should stop their children from _eating_(吃 ) too much junk food.【考点剖析】stopfrom doing sth.的用法stop sb.(from) doing sth.prevent sb.(from) doing sth.
15、keep sb.from doing sth.，意为“阻止某人做某事”。如：Nothing will stop/prevent us(from) reaching our aims.Nothing will keep us from reaching our aims.什么也不能阻挡我们实现目标。【考点拓展】固定搭配 含义 用法stop doing sth. 停止做 某事 指停下手中正在做的事stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 指停下手中做的事，去做另一件事think相关短语【考点抢测】1Lei Feng was always _thinking_about_(着想) others
16、.2Think _over_(考虑)，and youll find a way.( B )3._(想想) what we should do tomorrow.AThink of BThink overCThink about DThink again4请仔细考虑我说的话。Please think _over_ what I have said.5最后，我们想出了一个好主意。At last，we thought _out_ a good idea.【考点剖析】think组成的短语词组 词性 含义think of 动介短语 认为；想起；记起think about 动介短语 考虑think ove
17、r 动副短语 仔细考虑；想think out 动副短语 想出如：What do you think of this dress?你认为这件裙子怎么样？I cant think of her name at this moment.这刻我想不起她的名字。allow的用法【考点抢测】1I wonder why you _allowed_(允许) her to do such a thing.2My boss doesnt allow me _to_use_(用) the telephone.( A )3._ me to ask several questions.AAllow BGet CGive
18、 DHave( C )4.I was allowed _ whatever I wanted with my life.Ado Bdoing Cto do Ddoes【考点剖析】allow用作动词，意为“允许，让(做某事) 。 ”主要用法如下：(1)allow名词/代词。如：We can not stand by and allow such a thing.对这样的事我们不能袖手旁观。(2)allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事 ”；没有“allow to do sth.”的搭配。如：My mother allowed me to play for only 30 minu
19、tes.我妈妈只允许我玩 30分钟。(3)be allowed to do sth.为被动结构，意为“被允许做某事”。如：May I be allowed to use this typewriter？我能用一用这台打字机吗？(4)allow doing sth.“允许做某事”。如：He allows smoking here.他允许在这儿吸烟。辨析be good for，be good at，be good to和 be good with【考点抢测】1我擅长下象棋。Im _good_ _at_ playing chess.2我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。My friend was _goo
20、d_ _to_ me when I was ill.3他与这些孩子们处得很好。He is very _good_ _with_ the children.【考点剖析】be good for表示“对是有好处的”。如：The Olympics will be good for business.奥运会对商业发展有好处。Doing exercise every day is good for you.每天做运动对你有好处。辨析be good for/at/to/with固定搭配 含义be good for 意为“对有好处”。be good at 意为“擅长”，后接名词、代词或动名词形式 。be go
21、od to 意为“对友好”。be good with 意为“灵巧的；与相处得好”。Eating more vegetables is good for your health.多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。【考点拓展】be good for的反义词组为be bad for，意为“对有害”。辨析too many ，too much和much too【考点抢测】1你书桌上的东西太多了。请把它们整理好。There are _too_many_ things on your desk.Please put them away.2最近下雨太多了。There was _too_much_ rain latel
22、y.3布莱克先生太胖了，因为他吃了太多的肉。Mr.Black is _much_too_ fat because he has had _too_much_ meat.【考点剖析】词组 含义 用法too many 太多 修饰可数名词too much 太多 修饰不可数名词much too 太 修饰形容词或副词,常考话题写作指导)兴趣爱好典例剖析假如在英语课上，老师请你们就“Lucky Money(压岁钱 )”这个话题分组进行讨论，但你认为同学们对“Hobbies(爱好)”更感兴趣，建议老师更换话题。请你根据下面的提示和要求，写一篇发言稿，谈一谈你的理由。提示：1Why do you like t
23、alking about hobbies?2Whats your reason for not talking about lucky money?要求：1发言稿须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；2发言稿中不要涉及真实的人名、校名和地方。开头已给出，不记入总词数；3词数：6080。参考词汇：ones own hobby， a proper topic(合适的话题)，personal，unhappyI think talking about hobbies is better than talking about lucky money.It is _【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息：
24、1本文要求写一篇发言稿，说明同学们对爱好更感兴趣的原因，故文体为议论文；2阐述自己的理由，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称；3发言稿中不得涉及真实的人名、校名和地名；4词数：6080(已给出的开头不计入总词数 )。写作导图HobbiesBeginningTalking about hobbies is better than talking about lucky moneyReasonsLucky money isnt a proper topic for us because its too personalSome may feel unhappy if we talk about it
25、 )ConclusionSo talking about hobbies is really a good choice )【范文点评】I_think_talking_about _hobbies_is_better_than_talking_about_luc开门见山，点明主题ky_money.It is easy and interesting.Everyone has his own hobby，like playing ball games，listening to music，drawing and so on.It can bring us pleasure and make us
26、 relaxed.We have a lot to say when we talk about it.Lucky money，however ，isnt a proper topic for us，because its too personal.Whats more，not all of us can get lucky money.Some may feel unhappy if we talk about it.So talking about hobbies is really a good choice.。阐述自己的理由。总结全文，再次点明主题。,河北中考考点精练).单项选择。(
27、A )1.(2017青岛中考 )Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they _ to drive a car.Aare allowed B allowedCwill be allowed Dallow( C )2.(2017孝感中考)Of all the drinks，tea is _ in the world.It has a history of about 5，000 years.Aold BolderCthe oldest Dvery old( C )3.(2017安徽中考) What do you think of the movie?
28、Great！I have never seen a _ one.Agood Bbad Cbetter D worse( C )4.(2017江西中考) I want to buy a shirt.But I have a little money.The shirts here are all very cheap.And the yellow one is _Do you like it?来源:gkstk.ComAcheap BcheaperCthe cheapest Dexpensive( D )5.(2017广东中考 )For more than once，our head teache
29、r asks us _ the habit of keeping a diary.Adevelop B developsCdeveloping Dto develop( B )6.(2017南京中考) Would you like some green tea?No，thanks.I _ drink green tea.It hurts my stomach.Aalmost Bseldom Conly Dstill( B )7.(2017成都中考改编)I want to be _ engineer when I grow up.Aa Ban Cthe D/( D )8.(2017达州中考 )C
30、ould you please offer me some _ in my research?Yes， sure.Aidea B messageCsuggestion Dadvice( C )9.(2017天津中考)Dont stand too close to North Americans.Youd better give them more personal _Atime Bsystem Cspace Dpity( C )10.(2017保定二模)Mum looks tired.She _ last night.Aset up Bturned upCstayed up Dset up.(
31、2017安徽中考)完形填空。Bikesharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities.It is good to the _1_ development of the big cities.A _2_ by a company found that shared bikes started the nations _3_ for bikes again.Now more and more Chinese people are _4_ bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in citie
32、s.An engineer of that company says that since the _5_ of shared bikes，people have made fewer trips by car.The love for shared bikes is not only among _6_ people，who were born in the 1980s and 1990s，but also among people over sixty.At weekends，the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the _7_ of a
33、ll cities.On weekdays，the number of people who use shared bikes to travel to work is _8_ in Shanghai.It is said that bikesharing will help _9_ the cities environment.It not only helps solve the traffic problems，but also will help to make more use of _10_ in cities.Take Beijing as an example，if more
34、people choose shared bikes，an area of five Birds Nest stadiums(体育场) will be saved.( B )1.A.slow BhealthyCharmful D sudden( C )2.A.rule BplanCreport Dsuggestion( D )3.A.search BworryCpreparation Dlove( A )4.A.choosing BpushingCrepairing Dlocking( B )5.A.end Bstart Ccontrol D fall( D )6.A.strong Bweak
35、 Cold Dyoung( A )7.A.top Bside Ccorner Dline( C )8.A.coming over Bputting offCgoing up Dgiving away( D )9.A.discover BseparateCexperience Dimprove( C )10.A.air Btime Cspace Dmoney.(2017安徽中考)阅读理解。Still remember the following poems？Memories return every time I read or hear them.Hush now，my little one.
36、Hush now， my sunshine.Hush now，piece of my heart.Go to sleep， my little one.Go to sleep，my love.Go to sleep，piece of my heart.Sleep，my little one.While I sing to you.Sleep，my little one.Who is already asleep.My mama feeds me.And washes my fur.The first thing I see every morning is her.来源:学优高考网The la
37、st thing I kiss every night is her face.My mama is the very best one.And sings like a bird.And knows how I feel.When I dont say a word，My mama is warm.I can set the table.I can sweep the floor.I can wash my clothes.And count to fortyfour.I can wash dishes.And clean my bedroom.There is so much I can
38、do.Now ask you.Notes：1.hush v安静；2.fur n 皮毛；3.sweep v打扫( A )1.The first poem is sung to _Ababies B mothersCrelatives Dfriends( B )2.In the second poem，the last thing“I”will kiss at night is _Athe fur B mums faceCa bird Dmums bed( A )3.What do you think of“I”in the third poem?AHelpful. BLucky.CCrazy.
39、DShy.( C )4.What are the three poems mainly about?AFood and health. BHobbies and sports.CFamily and love. DAnimals and humans.(2017丰润一模)任务型阅读。This year Earth Hour is happening on the 19th of March.Earth Hour is an event where you turn off all unnecessary lights and power between 89 pm.However ，you d
40、ont just sit at home in the dark for an hour.Instead，people gather in groups and have fun without using power.Things like dancing，fireworks and musical performances are popular and its very fun to take part.Many celebrities also take part in Earth Hour and this year is very important as it is the te
41、nth year of the project.Earth Hour isnt just about saving energy.People can do many other things to project the environment.Im_a_big_fan_of_trying_to_save_the_environment.Ive taken part in Earth Hour every year for the last five years and Ive been part of lots of activities at school and at universi
42、ty.Last year，for example my university had an outdoor cycle cinema.At the cycle cinema，the only way to keep watching the film is to keep riding your bike，if everyone stops， then the screen turns off！Luckily，there were many of us to help keep the movie going and we took turns.It was very cold outside
43、 at night，but we had hot chocolate and blankets for the people who werent cycling.Everyone who was there had a lot of fun.Here in my small town in Italy，Earth Hour isnt a very big thing.In fact，few know what it is! I explained to some of my students what happened during Earth Hour and they were very
44、 keen to take part.I think that Earth Hour is a very fun way to raise awareness(意识) about the environment.We only have one planet， so it is important to keep it safe.A lot of my students feel like，as young people they cant do that much to help protect the planet.In fact anything can help，Earth Hour
45、proves that even doing a little thing，like turning the lights off for one hour，can make a difference.So lets all take action now.1题完成句子；2题简略回答问题；3题写出文中画线代词所指的内容；4题归纳文章的主题；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1People can _gather_in_groups_and_have_fun_ during the time without using power.2How could the writer and others make the movie continue without stopping?_By_keeping_riding_their_bikes._3The underlind word“it” here refers to _Earth_4The passage mai
