1、专题八 动词的时态,命题趋势( C )1.(2017宜宾中考)I dont know when he _ back.Please tell me when he _ back.Acomes ；comes Bcomes ；will comeCwill come；comes( C )2.(2017渝北中考)My classmates _ about the World Cup when the teacher came in.A.talk Btalked Cwere talking( C )3.(2017渝北中考) Where is your mother?She _ dishes in the
2、kitchen.A.do Bdoes Cis doing( B )4.(2017渝北中考)Mary will make a plan as soon as she _ her homework.Awill finish Bfinishes Cfinished( C )5.(2017渝北中考)He said that he _ to join the football club.A.wants Bis wanting Cwanted( C )6.(2017渝北中考)Lin Tao isnt here now.He _ to Qingdao.Agoes Bwent Chas gone通过以上六个题
3、的观察，并结合各地多年中考考点的设置，主要考查以下几个方面：动词各种时态的含义和用法、主将从现、宾语从句的时态语序、延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法、现在完成时“have/has been (to) 与 have/has gone (to)，以及have/has been in”的区别及用法；题型设置方面，主要趋向于单项选择、完形填空、综合填空和写作中。,考点细化一、一般现在时1一般现在时的构成一般现在时主要用动词的原型表示，如果主语为第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加s或es 。 如：Tom often helps his parents to do housework at weekends.
4、 汤姆在周末经常帮助父母做家务。Sometimes Lily watches TV on weekdays.有时莉莉在上学日看电视。2动词第三人称单数变化规则规则 示例来源:学优高考网gkstk一般在动词原形后加s likes，runs，feels，puts， talks，helps以ch ，sh ，s，x，o，x结尾的动词，在词尾加esteachteaches，watchwatches，gogoes，passpasses 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i 再加es studystudies，trytries以元音字母加y结尾的动词，在词尾加s staystays，play plays，来
5、源:学优高考网gkstksaysays 3.一般现在时的用法(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与always，usually，often，sometimes ，once a week，every day等频度副词或时间状语连用。 如：My father often goes to work by bus.我父亲经常乘坐公交车上班。(2)表示客观真理或普遍事实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。The light travels faster than the sound in the air.在空气中，光的传播速度比声音快。(3)在时间
6、状语或条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示一般将来时。如：If it rains tomorrow，we wont go fishing. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去钓鱼。I will call you as soon as she comes here. 她一到这里，我就给你打电话。(4)在某些以here，there开头的句子中用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。如：Here comes a bus.公交车来了。二、一般过去时1一般过时的构成一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。如：Last week，I went shopping with my parents.上周我和我父母一起购物。2动词过去式的规则
7、变化规则 示例来源:学优高考网在动词后面加ed workworked，talktalked以e结尾的动词，在词尾加d livelived，movemoved 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i 再加ed studystudied，trytried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后再加 edstopstopped，shop shopped dropdropped，planplanned 3.动词过去式不规则变化，请详见八下教材不规则动词表。4一般过去时的用法(1)表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。如：I ate an egg for breakfast this
8、 morning. 今早早饭我吃了一个鸡蛋。(2)表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。如：I was five years old，I usually went to school by school bus.当我五岁时，我上学通常坐校车。5常用的一般过去时的时间状语last night，yesterday ，last week ，10 years ago，in 2015，in the past，at that time ，just now等。三、一般将来时1表示将来的动作或存在的状态，其构成是“will 动词原形”，常与表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow，next week，in a fe
9、w days，next Sunday，in一段时间(in 50 years)，in 2050等。 如：I will come back in two days.两天之后我将回来。They will pay a visit to Beijing next month. 下个月，他们将拜访北京。2“be going to 动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事，表示已经决定并很有可能发生的事。 如：What are you going to do tomorrow？ 明天你准备做什么？Look at the heavy clouds in the sky.There is going to be a st
10、orm.看天空的乌云，这儿将有一场风暴。3以下这些词常用现在进行时即“be doing”的形式表将来：come，go，leave，start，stay，begin等。如：We are leaving for Hong Kong.我们即将动身去香港。She is going there tomorrow. 她明天将要去那儿。4“be about to 动词原形”和“be to 动词原形”结构表示即将发生的事。 如：The train is about to leave.火车即将开了。She is to be married next Saturday. 她下周六将结婚。5一般现在时表将来，通常与
11、if，as soon as ，until，when等引导的状语从句连用。 如：If it doesnt rain this afternoon， we will have a football match.如果今天下午不下雨，我们将进行一场足球比赛。四、现在进行时1现在进行时的构成现在进行时由“主语am/is/arev.ing”构成。否定句式：主语am/is/arenotv.ing.疑问句式：Am/Is/Are主语v.ing?肯定回答：Yes，主语am/is/are.否定回答：No，主语am/is/are not.2现在分词的构成即变化规则规则 示例在动词后面加ing readingreadi
12、ng，watch watching 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e后加ing liveliving，movemoving 少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y，再加ing lielying，die dying，tie tying以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后再加ingbeginbeginning，sitsitting shopshopping，beg begging 3.现在进行时的用法(1)表示此时此刻正在发生的动作。如：What are you doing？ 你在干嘛？I am reciting the English passage. 我正在背诵英语文章。(
13、2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。如：They are studying hard for the final exam these days. 这些天它们在努力学习迎接期末考试。(3)come，go，leave ，arrive，start等部分动词用现在进行时表将来。如：I am going to the Bamboo Sea tomorrow. 明天我将去竹海。4与现在进行时常用的时间状语标志：now ，these days ，look ，listen以及语境暗示。 如：Look! The children are playing basketball on the playgro
14、und. 瞧！孩子们正在操场上打篮球。Please be quiet! The little baby is sleeping. 请安静！一个婴儿在睡觉。五、过去进行时1过去进行时的构成其构成与现在进行时相似，不同在be动词的使用上，即“was/were ving”；2过去进行时的用法表示过去某一时刻或过去某一段时间内正在发生的动作。如：What were you doing at 7 oclock last night？ 昨晚7点你在干嘛？I was watching CCTV news. 我那时在看中央电视台新闻联播。3注意区分when或while引导的时间状语从句中的时态问题。when引
15、导的状语从句，其时态通常为一般过去时，动词用过去式的形式；来源:gkstk.Comwhile引导的状语从句，强调前后在过去的某一段时间或时刻，两个动作同时进行的对比。如：The students were talking when the teacher came in. 当老师走进来时，学生们那时正在讲话。My mother was cooking in the kitchen while my father was watching TV in the living room.当我妈妈在厨房做饭时，父亲正在客厅看电视。4与过去进行时常用的时间状语标志：at that time，this t
16、ime yesterday ，at 7 oclock yesterday等六、现在完成时1现在完成时的构成基本结构：“主语 have/has 动词的过去分词 其他”否定句式：“主语 have/has not 动词的过去分词 其他”疑问句式：“Have/Has 主语 动词的过去分词 其他？”肯定回答：“Yes，主语 have/has.”否定回答：“No，主语 have/has not. ”2现在完成时的用法(1)表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如：Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？Yes，I have.Ive just had it. 是
17、的，我刚吃过。(说明现在饱了。)Have you found your lost wallet yet? 你找到你丢失的钱包没有？No.I havent found it yet.没有，我还没有找到。(2)表示动作或状态从过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持续下去，常与for 一段时间，since 时间点连用，但此时的动词必须要为延续性动词。如：My parents have been married for 30 years. 我父母已经结婚30年了。 My parents have been married since 30 years ago.改错1: Ive left this sch
18、ool for nine years. leftbeen_away_from_改错2: He has borrowed my dictionary for two weeks. borrowedkept由此可见，与一段时间连用的现在完成时，其动词必须为延续性动词。那么此时，非延续动词应该怎么转换为延续性动词呢？方法有二：来源:学优高考网第一种，美其名曰“旧瓶装新酒”，即换壳，找该动词意思一致的延续性动词或 “be 形容词”结构来替换。如：改错1: I have bought this bike for 3 years. bought had改错2： Cathys dog has died fo
19、r 5 years. diedbeen_dead附表格：非延续性动词 延续性动词buy haveborrow keepopen be openclose be closedbegin/start be onfinish be overdie be deadcatch a cold have a coldput on wearwake up be awakefall asleep be asleepjoin be inleave be awayarrive/reach be第二种：句式重置，即用句型“It is 一段时间 since 从句( 从句中的谓语动词用非延续动词的过去式) ”。如：The
20、 old man has been dead for 2 years. It is 2 years since the old man died.老人已死了两年了。3现在完成时常用的时间状语标志：already，yet，so far，in the past few years，ever ，never，for 一段时间，since 时间点等。4have been to，have gone to和have been in 三者的区别have been to表示“过去曾去过某个地方 ”，说话时已经回来；have gone to表示“已经去了某地 ”，说话时不在说话地点，或在去该地的途中，或已到了该地
21、；have been in表示“已经在某地待了多久 ”，当地点为副词时不用介词 in。如：Where is Jack？杰克在哪儿？He has gone_to Shanghai with his family. 他和他的家人已经去上海了。Have you ever been_to Cui Ping Mountain？ 你曾经去过翠屏山吗？Yes， I have.是的，去过。How long have you been_in Yibin？ 你在宜宾待了多久了？I have been_here for a week.我已经在这儿待了一个星期了。七、过去完成时(*作了解*)1过去完成时的构成过去完成
22、时由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) 过去分词”构成。2过去完成时的用法过去完成时表示在过去某一段时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间为“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by，before等构成的短语，也可以用when，before等引导的从句，或得通过上下文理解。如：By the time I got outside，the bus had left.当我到外面时，公交车已经离开了。When I got to school，I realized that I had left my backpack at home.当我到达学校时，我意识到我把书包落在家了。 ,小试牛
23、刀( B )1.(2017海南中考)Last year our class set up Reading Corner.So far，we _ more than 200 books.Awere reading Bhave read Cwill read( A )2.(2017邵阳中考 )Frank，where is your father?He isnt at home now.He _ New York.Ahas gone to Bhas been toCgoes to( C )3.(2017西宁中考)His grandmother _ for 6 years.He still misse
24、s her very much.A.died Bhas diedChas been dead( C )4.(2017上海中考)Some exchange students _ with their host families this time yesterday.Aare chatting Bwill chatCwere chatting( C )5.(2017安徽中考)I am surprised at the new look of my hometown，for it _ a lot over the years.Achanged Bchanges Chas changed( A )6
25、.(2017北京中考 )How do you usually go to school?I _ to school on foot.A.go Bwent Cwas going ( A )7.(2017北京中考 )My mother _ some washing when the telephone rang.Awas doing Bdid Cis doing ( C )8.(2017北京中考)Lily is my classmate.We _ each other since she came to our school.A.know Bknew Chave known ( C )9.(2017福建中考) Do you know the Color Run，a fivekilometer race?Yes.So far it _ into quite a few cities in our country.A.comes Bcame Chas come( C )10.(2017白银中考)There _a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.Awill Bis going to have Cis going to be 请完成精练本第8页作业必背知识笔记：_
