1、单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)语法精讲可数名词与不可数名词名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可以计算事物数目的名词,叫可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,单数名词变复数名词时,有一定的规律可循(见下表) ,但也有一些不规则变化,需要逐一记忆。凡是不能直接用数计算,而需要用量计算的名词,多为不可数名词,不可数名词没有复数形式。类别 构成方法 例词一般情况词尾加-s cup cups, friend friends, banana bananas以 s, x, ch, sh 等结尾的词词尾加-es class classes, box boxes, wat
2、ch watches, wish wishes 以辅音字母加 y结尾的词变 y 为 i,再加-esdictionary dictionaries, family families把 f/fe 变为v,再加-esknife knives以 f 或 fe 结尾的词词尾加-s roof roofs词尾加-es tomato tomatoes, potato potatoes以 o 结尾的词词尾加-s radio radiosphoto photos, 【用法点拨】1. 可数名词(1)单数可数名词前常用冠词 a/an 或 my, your, his 等物主代词或指示代词 this, that 来修饰。
3、(2)若表示一类事物可用 a/an 加单数名词表示,也可用复数名词表示。2. 不可数名词(1)一般没有复数形式。(2)不能用不定冠词 a/an 或指示代词 this, that, these, those 或数词 one, two, three 等修饰,但可用定冠词 the或 some 或 lots of/a lot of(许多 )来修饰。(3) 不可数名词的数量要借助“ 基数词 + 表示量的名词 + of”短语表达,如 three pieces of bread (三块面包),two glasses of milk (两杯牛奶) 等。(4)作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。(5)用代词指代不可
4、数名词时,用单数 it,不用复数they 或 them。语法精炼. 写出下列名词的复数形式。1. banana _ 2. carrot _3. tomato _ 4. card _5. radio _ 6. question _7. desk _ 8. library _9. map _ 10. school _11. room _ 12. basketball _13. tape player _14. pencil box _15 model plane _.单项选择。( )16.Do you like_?Yes.I like them very much.Achicken BriceCa
5、pples Dicecream( )17._is on the desk.Is it yours?AA pen B PensCBooks DSome pencils( )18.I like to have three_and two_.Aorange;apples Boranges ;appleCoranges ;apples Dorange;apple( )19.Lets get some_.OK.Abread BcarrotCegg Dtomato( )20.Can I have_orange?Sorry,there isnt_.Aany;some B an;someCsome;any D
6、a;some. 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。1. 你喜欢水果和蔬菜吗?Do you like _ and _?2. 艾丽斯不喜欢鸡肉,凯特不喜欢鸡蛋。Alice doesnt like _ and Kate doesnt like _.3. 我妈妈早餐吃面包喝牛奶。My mother has _ and _ for breakfast.4. 一些面包在桌子上。Some _ _ on the table. 5. 她想吃米饭和冰激凌。She wants to eat _ and _.单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus).1.bananas 2.carrots 3.tomatoes 4.cards 5.radios 6.questions7desks 8.libraries 9.maps 10.schools 11.rooms 12.basketballs 13.tape players 14.pencil boxes 15.model planes.1620 CACAC.21.fruit;vegetables 22.chicken ;eggs 23.bread;milk 24.bread is25rice ;ice cream