1、细节诠释【单词学习】1.base vt.以为据点(或总部等 )；把(总部等)设在 use.as the main place)；以 为基础； n.根基，基底；底座WWW(the lowest part)；根据，出发点；基础$来&源： 资*源%库 应试指导 过去分词句法功能的考查Actually，teaching is an art based on $来&源： 事实上，教学是一门建立在科学基础上的艺术。base.on/upon.把建立在；以为根据be based on/upon 以为根据或基础basis n.原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础on the basis of 在基础上 basic
2、 adj.基础的；基本的例题，用 base 短语完成句子。The restaurant trust，and it is working all right.这家餐馆建立在信任之上，现在运营正常。【答案】is based on【解析】本题考查 be based on 词组的运用。2. separate v.把 分开；分隔；adj .分开的；单独的；独立的separate A from B 把 A 和 B 分开 divide.into.把分成be separated from 和分离 Its not easy to separate cause from effect.因果关系不是易区分的。【一讲
3、一练】【活学活用】(1)语法填空 (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later. (base) on my own opinion，this one is far better than that one.(2)按要求改写句子 (把上题(2)改为含有分词短语作状语的简单句) (把上题(2)改为含有定语从句的复合句)【答案】(1 ) Basing Based(2 )ased on trust， the restaurant is working all
4、right. The restaurant，which is based on trust，is working all right.【解析】本题重点考查单词 base和其相关词组的各种用法。特别提醒 separate 没有破坏宾语的整体性，只是将宾语分开；divide 则破坏了宾语的完整性。语法填空(1) I can separate cream_milk.(2) The two cities are separated _ a highwayThey led separate lives.他们各自单独生活。3 command v.命令 order；博得；拥有；指挥 be in charge
5、 of；n. 命令；掌握 control；运用能力应试指导 (1) 虚拟语气的考查 (2) 写作高级词汇 have a good command ofcommand sb.to do.命令某人做 command that.should do.命令at ones command 听某人支配have a good command of 掌握；精通take command of 指挥；控制in command of 掌管；掌握The police arrived and took command of the situation.警察到达后就控制了局势。They help the computer
6、react to commands from the brain.他们帮助电脑对来自大脑的指令做出反应。4 request vt.&n.要求；请求 ask；ask for应试指导 虚拟语气的考查request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事request sth.from sb.向某人要求某物request that.should do.要求at ones requestat the request of sb.应某人的要求She had requested that the door to her room be left open.她要求不要关闭通向她房间的门。Vietnam m
7、ade an official request that the meeting be postponed.越南已经正式请求将会议推迟。特别提醒动词 request 后的宾语从句以及名词 request 后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为(should)动词原形。【答案】(1) from (2) by【解析】本题重点考查 separate 各种用法。语法填空 I am here the presidents command. They are in command of the present situation. After hard work，he finally too
8、k command of the language of English. The director commanded that everyone (should) follow(follow) his advice.(2) 他命令我们马上出发。(一句多译 ) (command that.) (command复合宾语)【答案】(1) at in of should follow(2) He commanded that we (should) set off at once.He commanded us to set off at once.【解析】本题重点考查 command 各种用法。
9、同义句改写(1) We requested Mr.Wang not to smoke in the office.We requested that Mr.Wang in the office.(2) It is requested that all the club members attend the annual meeting.All the club members the annual meeting.【答案】(1) (should) not smoke (2) are requested to attend【解析】本题重点考查单词 request 的各种用法。5 expect v
10、.预料；预计；期望；盼望应试指导 be expected to do，be supposed to do作为高级词汇替换 should，had betterexpect sb.to do.预料 期望 某人做as expected 正如所料；不出所料expectation n.预料；希望，盼望in expectation of 预料beyond expectations 出乎意料live up to sb.s expectations 达到期望；符合希望We were expecting him home again some day.我们期盼着他某一天再回家。Dont expect me to
11、 come and visit you there.别指望我会去那儿看你。6. recognize v.认识；辨认出 make out；意识到；承认 admit；赏识，表彰；向打招呼 salute to应试指导 在语境中时态的考查be recognized as.被公认为It is recognized that.人们公认 out of/beyond recognition 认不出来She has changed so much that I can hardly recognize her.她变化那么大，我几乎认不出来了。He recognized that he was not quali
12、fied for the work.他认识到自己做这项工作是不够格的。7. 7come up 走近( come over)；上来；发生(happen) ；出现(appear) ；被提及/讨论(be mentioned)；长出地面，发芽；(太阳、月亮)升起；被提出应试指导 “come 副词” 类语境词义辨析(1)语法填空Writing out all the invitations by hand was more timeconsuming than we (expect)The show lived up to all our (expect)it was wonderful.(2)He f
13、ailed in the exam，and all of us had expected it. ，he failed in the exam.(用 as 的省略句改写句子) ，he failed in the exam.(用 as 引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子)He failed in the exam，which was expected.(用which 引导的非限制性定语从句改写句子)【答案】 （1） had expected expectations(2) As expected As was expected【解析】本题重点考查 expect 各种用法。(1)语法填空in publ
14、ic has brought her much trouble，so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid .(recognize)(2) It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.(用 sth.be recognized to.改写句子)【答案】(1) Being recognized；recognition(2) Environmental pollution is re
15、cognized to have become one of the most serious problems that people face.【解析】本题重点考查 recognize 的各种用法。选择方框内的短语填空come up with，come out，come across，come up(1) The sky was dark blue when the moon .(2) I an old school friend in Oxford Street this come up with 提出，想出 主意、计划、回答等come about 发生come across 偶然碰到；
16、被理解come along 跟着；前来；参加come out 出版；开花；发芽A question came up at the meeting.在会上提出了一个问题。8. at present at the present time 现在；目前应试指导 at present 作为高级词汇替换 nowpresent adj.存在的；目前的；在场的；v.授予；提出；提交；n.礼物；目前be present at 出席in the presence of sb.in ones presence当某人的面，在某人面前present sth.to sb.present sb.withsth.向某人赠某
17、物make a present of sth.to sb.make sb.a present of sth.把某物赠送给某人for the present for the time being 目前；暂时Wang Hua，our monitor， presented her with the prepared flowers. 班长王华向她献上了准备好的鲜花。Besides，there are some presents I bought for my family members and friends；it will be a great disappointment to me if I
18、 cant find the suitcase.而且，箱子里面有我为家人和朋友买的礼物，如果找不到它，我会很失望。特别提醒 present 作前置定语时意为“ 目前的”；作后置定语时，意为“出席的，在场的”。morning.(3) Your most recent book last week.(4) Someone had better a solution fast.【答案】(1) came up (2) came across(3) came out (4) come up with【解析】本题重点考查 come 搭配的各种词组或短语。语法填空(1) The boy was punish
19、ed the presence of all his classmates.(2) We were present the concert while Tom was absent it.(3) The mayor presented him a gold medal at an official city reception.(4) All of them try to use the power of the workstation (present) information in a more effective way.【答案】(1) in (2) at； from (3) with
20、(4) to present【解析】本题重点考查和 present 搭配的介词用法。9make use of 利用(use，especially to get an advantage)make the best/most of 充分利用make full/good use of 充分 好好 利用make no/little use of 没有利用come into use 开始使用bring/put.to use 加以使用Its/Theres no use doing.做 没用。Last but not least，its everyones responsibility to make g
21、ood use of water.最后同样重要的是，充分利用水资源是我们每个人的责任。I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible.我通常每天记 20 个生词，然后尽可能地使用它们。(1)语法填空The boss insisted that every minute (make) full use of (do) the work well.(2)用定语从句合并下列两个句子He can make good use of every chance to improve himself
22、.His success lies in this.(3) 将下面的句子变成被动语态We must make full use of waste materials. (use 作主语) (materials 作主语)【答案】(1) be made；to do (2)His success lies in the fact that he can make good use of every chance to improve himself.(3) Full use must be made of waste materials. Waste materials must be made full use of.【解析】本题重点考查动词 make 及其常见词组或短语用法。
