1、11. _ n. 质量；品质；性质 _ n. 数量 2. _ adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的3. _ adj. 积极的；活跃的 _ n. 活动；社交活动 _ n. 行动；动作4. _ adj. 慷慨的；大方的 _ adv. 宽大地5. _ n. 自我；自身 _ adj. 自私的 _ adj. 无私的；忘我的 _ adv. 无私地；忘我地6. _ vt. （与 to 连用）献身；专心于 _ adj. 忠实的；深爱的 _ n. 献身；忠心7. _ adj. 和平的；平静的；安宁的 _ n. 和平；安宁 _ adv. 爱好和平地；宁静地；安详地8. _ n. 指导；领导 _ n. 指导者；导向器
2、_ vt. 指导9. _ adj. 法律的；依照法律的 _ adv. 合法地 _ adj. 非法的10. _ vi. quantity 2.mean 3.active; activity; action4.generous; generously 5.self; selfish; selfless; selflessly6.devote; devoted; devotion 7.peaceful; peace; peacefully8.guidance; guider; guide 9.legal; legally; illegal10.vote; voter 11.attack 12.equ
3、al; equally; unequal13.unfair; fair 14.escape 15.educate; education; educated1. _ _ work 失业 2. as a _ of fact 事实上3. blow _ 使充气；爆炸4. _ trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中5. turn _ 求助于；致力于6. lose _ 丧失勇气或信心 7. _ _ power 当权；上台8. set _ 设立；建立 9. be _ to 被判处（徒刑）答案:1.out of 2.matter 3.up 4.in 5.to 6.heart e to 8.up 9
4、.sentenced 1.The time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。2only then _ _ _ to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。3.I felt bad _ _ _ I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。答案:1.when 2.did we decide 3.the first time1.qualit
5、y n.U特性C性质；特性；特点For study, quality often matters more than quantity. 就学习而言，质量往往比数量更重要。Modesty is one of his good qualities. 谦虚是他的美德之一。One quality of wood is that it can burn.木料的一个特点是可燃烧。温馨提示：quality 与 quantity 的区别:quality 质量;quantity 数量。Quantities of food was on the table. 桌上摆了大量的食物。 【即学即练】他仔细地检查家具的
6、质量。He examined _ _ _ _ _ . 他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。He has _ _ _ of a successful businessman. 答案:the quality of the furniture all the qualities2.devote vt.献身；专心于He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science. 他开始研究生态学，并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。Please devote more time to your work. 请
7、把更多的时间用于工作。常用结构：devote ones energy/ones time to (doing) sth.奉献某人的精力/时间于某事sb. be devoted to (doing) sth. 某人献身做某事【即学即练】他的一生都奉献给了中国的航空事业。He _ _ _ to Chinas aviation.他专心于帮助穷困的人。He is devoted to _ _ _ .答案:devoted all his life helping the poor温馨提示：在 devote.to.短语中，to 是介词，后面接名词或动词 ing。常见的类似短语还有：pay attentio
8、n to（注意）; stick to（坚持）; lead to（导致）; prefer. to（相比更喜欢）; look forward to（盼望）等。【即学即练】The idea for the new machine came to Mr Baker _ to his invention. 2A. while he was devoted B. while devotingC. while devoting himself D. while devoted解析:选 A。考查 be devoted to 这一结构。注意不要误选 C 项，因为主句的主语 the idea 与从句的主语 Mr
9、Baker/he 不一致，因此从句中的主语和谓语动词 he was 不能省略。3.equal adj. 平等的；相等的；胜任的 vt. 等于，比得上 n. 同等/相等的人或物All people are born equal. 人人生来平等。Bill is quite equal to running the office.比尔能胜任办公室的管理工作。Three times five is the equal of ten plus five.三乘以五与十加五结果相等。【速记名片】常用结构：be equal to sth./doing sth. 胜任某事/ 做某事be equal with 与
10、平等without equal/have no equal 无与伦比/ 无比【即学即练】你能胜任这项工作吗？Are you _ _ the task? 他们认为，在上帝眼中穷人和富人是平等的。They believe that in the sight of God the poor _ _ _ _ the rich. 在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球队员。Yao Ming is a basketball player _ _ in China.答案:equal to are equal with without equal单项填空 （原创）He doubted whether she woul
11、d be _ to the job. A.equal B.similarC.familiar D.content解析:选 A。be equal to sth. 胜任，符合句意。4.reward n. 报答；酬金（为某些特殊服务提供或给予的金钱）vt.酬谢，奖赏；报应；惩罚（坏人或坏事）Its a reward for virtue.那是对美德的回报。He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作很努力，但是报酬却很少。He will sooner or later be rewarded for bad deeds.他迟早会因他的坏行为而受到报应。温馨提
12、示：reward v.作“报答,报偿; 酬谢;奖励”讲时，常跟介词 with/for 连用；作“报应; 惩罚( 坏人或坏事)”讲时，跟 for 连用。常用结构：as a reward (for) 作为（对某事的）报酬（或奖赏）give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬in reward for 为酬答；作为奖励reward sb.(with.)for sth. 为某事（而以）报答reward sb. for sth. 因某事使某人得到报应或惩罚【即学即练】她的善良没有得到任何回报。She got nothing _ _ _ her kindnes
13、s.他用一个奖励来报答我。He _ _ _ a prize. 他们给了他奖赏，作为他服务的报酬。They _ _ _ his great services.=They rewarded his great services.答案:in reward for rewarded me with rewarded him for【易混辨析】reward/award/prizereward 表示“奖赏，酬谢” ，动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。award 作名词指正式或官方“给予、颁发、授予” （奖章，奖金等） ，也可以指法庭裁决；作动词可以跟双宾语，award s
14、b. sth. 把某物授予/判给某人。prize 只能作名词,表示“奖赏,奖金,奖品”,尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。 【即学即练】The girl got nothing in _ for her kindness, which made her very sad.A.prize B.award C.medals D.reward解析:选 D。考查名词辨析和搭配。根据句意知，应该是做好事的报答。in reward for 为而报答。 Martin Luther King, great Black leader in the movement against racial discriminatio
15、n, was _ the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace. A.rewarded B.given C.awarded D.offered解析:选 C。句意为：反对种族歧视运动的杰出黑人领袖马丁 路德金，因其对世界和平的突出贡献而被授予诺贝尔和平奖。award 授予，颁发。5.as a matter of fact 实际上用法点拨： as a matter of fact 在意义上等同 in fact/in actual fact/actually/ in reality/to tell
16、the truth。As a matter of fact, Ive never been there before. 3事实上我从未到过那里。【联想拓展】in the matter of sth.关于;就而论make matters worse 将困难或情况弄得更糟(as) a matter of course（作为）理所当然的事; （按照）常规【即学即练】我想跟她谈谈我的薪水问题。I want to speak to her _ _ _ _ my salary. 她设法使他们平静下来, 不想却适得其反。Her attempts to calm them down only _ _ _ .
17、我照例每天早晨查看公文格。I check my in-tray every morning as _ _ _ _ . 答案:in the matter of made matters worse a matter of course温馨提示：matter 作不及物动词时常用于否定句和疑问句中,意为“关系,要紧” 。All these things do not matter now. 所有这一切现在都无关紧要了。【即学即练】It rained that day. _, our car broke down on the way. A.In fact B.Actually C.To make m
18、atters worse D.To tell the truth解析:选 C。句意为：那天是雨天，使情况更糟糕的是：我们的车在路上坏了。 make matters worse 使事情更糟糕的是。6.blow up 爆炸；突然严峻；大发雷霆 My father blew up when I didnt come home last night.我昨晚没回家，父亲大发雷霆。Stop at the gas station and well blow up the tyres.在加油站停一下，我们要给轮胎打气。【联想拓展】blow sb. up 训斥某人blow sth. up 炸坏某物；给某物充气；
19、放大某物（尤指照片） ；夸大某事物blow down 吹倒；炸毁 blow off 吹掉；将（热水、蒸汽等）放出blow out 吹熄；（电线）烧断blow over 被淡忘；消散；停止；（坏天气）大风平息【即学即练】我的帽子被风刮掉了。My hat _ _. 我几乎被风刮倒了。I was almost _ _ by the wind. 有人打开了门, 蜡烛随之被吹灭了。Somebody opened the door and the candle _ _ . 风暴在夜里停止了。The storm _ _ in the night. 答案:blew off blown down blew ou
20、t blew overA short circuit will _ the fuse(保险丝). （原创）A.blow up B.blow off C.blow out D.blow over解析:选 C。考查动词短语辨析。句意表示断路会烧断保险丝。 blow out（电线）烧断。7.in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中Please telephone us when you are in trouble.遇到困难时就给我们打电话。If we cant keep to the schedule, well be in (a lot of) trouble. 我们不按时完成计
21、划就要有麻烦了。【联想拓展】get into trouble 惹上麻烦have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难（其中的介词 in 在口语中通常可省略）take （the ） trouble to do sth. 不怕费事或困难而尽力去做某事go to (the) trouble to do （of doing） sth. 不辞辛劳做某事/费心做某事give sb. trouble/put sb. to trouble 麻烦某人；打扰某人have trouble with 有病痛；同闹纠纷【即学即练】完成句子他惹事落到了警方手里。He _ _ _ with the
22、police.我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。We _ _ _(in) finding his office. 他不嫌麻烦地为我去火车站指路。He _ _ _ to show me the way to the railway station. 他费心为我们打听到了我们乘坐的火车开车的时间。He went to _ _ _ finding out when our train was leaving. 我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦。I dont like _ _ _ people I dont know.这个男人经常与他的妻子闹矛盾。The man often _ _ _ his wife
23、. 答案:got into trouble had no troubletook the trouble the trouble of giving trouble to has trouble with 温馨提示：在 take (the) trouble to do sth.结构中，用不用冠词均可，但含义稍有不同：用冠词，表示不怕费事或不怕麻烦而去做某事；不用冠词，表示尽心尽力或费尽心血而去做某事。4【即学即练】Even an experienced climber can _ to reach the summit. A.get into trouble B.make trouble C.
24、ask for trouble D.take trouble over解析:选 A。句意为：即使是一个很有经验的登山者，为了到达顶峰也有可能遇到困难。句中的 can 表示“有可能” 。get into trouble 陷入困境，因做某事而招致惩罚，危险等； ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃；make trouble 引起麻烦；take trouble over sth. 在某事上费心思。8.set up 建立;创立A new government was set up after the war. 新政府于战后成立。【联想拓展】set about 开始做 set apart
25、使与众不同；留出；拨出（专用）set aside 把放在一边；省出，留出set down 写下，记下 set forth 陈述；阐明set off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起；激发set out 出发；动身；摆放，陈列；开始，着手【即学即练】我得开始收拾行李了。I must set _ my packing for relaxation. 她把书放在一旁, 点了一支香烟。She set _ her book and lit a cigarette. 首相在电视上公布了他的政府工作目标。The Prime Minister set _ the aims of his government in a
26、 television broadcast. 答案:about aside forth温馨提示：set about doing sth.=set out to do sth. 开始做某事。set off 和 set out 都有“动身，出发”之意，但要注意其细微的差别:set off 开始（旅行、赛跑等） ； set out 从某地出发上路。 【即学即练】The President _ _ his views in television broadcast.A.set down B.set forth C.set back D.set off 解析:选 B。句意为：总统在电视上发表了他的观点。
27、set forth 陈述，阐明。9only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(P34)只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only 修饰时间、条件、方式状语等放在句首时，主句构成部分倒装。Only then did she realize she had made mistakes. 直到那时她才意识到她所犯的错误。Only when he came back did I go to bed. 当他回来的时候，我才上床睡觉。温馨提示:only 放在句首,修饰状语时才倒装,修饰主语,宾语则不倒装。Only you un
28、derstand me.只有你了解我。【即学即练】I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize解析:选 D。 only 放句首，修饰 then 时间状语，故用部分倒装,then 是过去时间，故选过去时。 10.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should
29、 have been asleep. （P38）他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。should have done 本应该做某事（但实际上并没有做）Thats really what I should have done. 那的确是我应该做的。温馨提示：在这种用法中 ought to= should，但在语气上没有 should 强。否定形式表示“不该做某事而结果做了” 。He ought not to have taken the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服带走。 （事实上已带走了。 ）【联想拓展】情态动词+have done 用法小结：would
30、+have done 用于虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反。must+have done 表示对过去情况的推测，只用于肯定句，意为“一定” ，其否定的意义用 cant+have done表示。could+have done 本来有能力做而实际上没有做。neednt+have done 本来不必做的事，实际上却做了。may (might)+have done 表示对过去的推测，多用于陈述句，意为“可能” 。用 might 比用 may 语气更加委婉。 【即学即练】完成句子真不知道没有你的帮助我该怎么办。I really dont know what I _ _ _ without your he
31、lp.路面是湿的，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。The street is wet. It _ _ _ last night. 如果我能够停下来，事故就不会发生了。If I _ _ _ , there wouldnt have been an accident. 昨天我没必要去办公室。I _ _ _ to the office yesterday.请不要那样做。你们俩很有可能被抓住然后杀掉！Please dont do that. You _ _ _ _ caught and killed! 答案:would have done must have rained5could have stopped n
32、eednt have gonemight both have been.单词拼写 1. The young heiress was so _ (大方的) that she gave all her money away in a couple of years.2. Everybody knows that our director is very _(忠诚的) to his wife.3. The goods of this company are of good _ (质量). It is no wonder they sell so well.4. All the _(领导) of ou
33、r city pay much attention to education.5. As we all know, fighting is an act of _(暴力).6. The beautiful girl is very gentle, which shows she is an _(有教养的) girl.7. His efforts were _(奖赏)with success.8. To keep fit, he is a _ in all kinds of sports.9. As we all know, the Peoples R _ of Korea is our nei
34、ghbour.10. It is said that he holds an important p _ in the government office. 答案:1.generous 2.devoted 3.quality 4.leaders 5.violence 6.educated 7.rewarded 8.active 9.Republic 10.position.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空1. We must _ the enemy.2. Do you _ Chinas traditional herbal medicine?3. This answer must be a cr
35、ibbing; its exactly _ Joness.4. They _ without a fight.5. Please _ of things I must buy.6. He _ to the study of science. 7. He suggested that the murderer referred to _ death at once.8. Some men _ a small stage.9. When did Napoleon _?10. _, real knowledge comes from practice and direct experience.答案
36、:1.fight against 2.believe in 3.the same as 4.gave up5.make a list 6.devoted his whole life 7.be sentenced to8.set up e to power 10.As a matter of fact.完成句子1. Do you easily _ _ (丧失信心)when you are in trouble?2. The doctor _ _ _ (建议我) sleep and to get up early.3. I am worried about whether I will be _
37、 _ _ (失业).4. His efforts _ _ _ (得到回报)high salary. 5. _ _ _ (只有到了这个时候 )they decide to answer violence with violence.6. He is a man who is easy to _ _ _ (相处). 7. Although he turned to many officials, he finally _ _ _ _ _ (可能会判死刑).8. The football team _ _ _ (投票选我) their new captain.9. Whether in the pa
38、st, now or in the future, _ _ _ _ (我们都是平等的).10. I _ _ _ (请你原谅) for my behaviour this morning.答案:1.lose heart 2.advised me to 3.out of work4.were rewarded with 5.Only then did 6.get along with 7.could be sentenced to death 8.have voted me9.we are all equal 10.beg your pardon. 单项填空1.Men and women didn
39、t have _ rights by law in ancient time.A.same B.ordinary C.equal D.confident解析:选 C。 考查形容词辨析。same 同样的；ordinary 平常的； equal 平等的；confident 相信的；确信的。根据句意可知，选 C。2.He is such a kind man that he is ready to help people _ .A.in trouble B.at last C.of course D.as well解析:选 A。in trouble 陷入困境，符合语境。3.Anyone who is
40、 _ to play this role in the play please put up your hand. I dont want to force (强迫) anybody.I think I _ .A.fit; will be B.interested; do C.ready; can be D.willing; am解析:选 D。be willing to do sth.愿意做某事；前面的主语用了动词 be，因此回答是“I am ”。4.Im sure that this boy will be a great person in the future if he is well
41、 _.A.looked after B.educated C.concerned about D.practiced解析:选 B。look after 照看；照顾;be educated 得到教育;concerned about 关心; practice 不与 the boy 构成被动关系。5.He was caught and sentenced for _ a dam on the river last year.A.blowing up B.breaking down C.moving away D.dropping off解析:选 A。句意为：他被抓了，因为去年炸毁一座桥而被判刑。bl
42、ow up 爆炸。6.People _ a monument to honor those people who devoted their lives to their country.A.set out B.set down C.set up D.set on解析:选 C。考查短语辨析。set out 开始；出发;set down 着手;set up 建立;set on 攻击；前进。根据句意可知，选C。7.In order to compete with others, a factory should aim at _ rather than _ .A.quantity; quality
43、 B.quality; quantityC.quantities; qualities D.quality ;qualities解析:选 B。句意为：为了与其他工厂竞争，一个工厂的目标应该重在质量而不是数量。第一空表示 “质量” ；第fight against believe in the same as give up make a list devote ones whole life set up be sentenced to come to power as a matter of fact6二空表示“数量” 。8.He passed the test but _ , he didn
44、t really understand the subject.A.in a fact B.after all C.at the same time D.as a matter of fact 解析:选 D。as a matter of fact 相当于 in fact，意为“事实上” 。9.People in the city _ the lawyer to be the leader of the committee, for they thought he could give a correct order of the city.A.voted against B.voted on C.voted for D.voted with解析:选 C。考查 vote 的用法。vote for 投票赞成；vote against 投票反对；vote on sth.投票表决某事；没有 vote with 这一结构。结合句意，C 项符合句意。10.During wartime, the religious leader was _ in Monahan for twenty years.A.put in a prison B.put in the prisonC.put in prison D.put in pr
