1、 Text 21 All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession- with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America。客户 客户抱怨2 During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on l
2、egal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money.Tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a
3、 costly nightmare。 / 诉讼滋扰挫工，档案管理员 民事侵权行为 律师没起作用QAQ 好像前两段和后面没啥关系啊3 There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states; a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at
4、 one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves todays average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard。 学律师很贵 原因一 红色4 Reforming
5、the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement 实施 them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let stude
6、nts sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third。改革无法实施以上两点也是 为什么这么贵的原因5 The other reas
7、on why costs are so high is the restrictive 限制的 guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation 创新 slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, 改革的阻力来自于专业人士 but
8、opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders圈外人 out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically。6 In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encourag
9、ing law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firmsefficiency . After all,other countries, such as Australia and Britain,have stared liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow。 解放 就是 can own share 可以持有股份26. A lot of students take up law as
10、 their profession due to DA the growing demand from clients 回到文中去定位B the increasing pressure of inflationC the prospect of working in big firmsD the attraction of financial rewards27. which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states? C D 原文大意：还要学其他科目 不是直接考过试就行了A Hi
11、gher tuition fees for undergraduate studiesB Receiving training by professional associationsC Admissions approval from the bar associationD Pursuing a bachelors degree in another major 不严谨啊 无关的科目另外的专业啊 只能用排除法 其他更不对28. Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from 起源于 C A 障碍物 这个单词很重要！ h
12、ide 是躲藏 hind-表示那块石头，就是障碍物A the rigid bodies governing the professionB lawyers and clients strong resistance 阻力C the stern exam for would-be lawyers。D non-professionals sharp criticism29. The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive”partly because A B原文定位以后就反复看，反复分析长难句的句子结构，找出主干，然后一个
13、一个词地看！A prevents lawyers from gaining due profits。B bans outsiders involvement in the profession。C aggravates the ethical situation in the trade。D keeps lawyers form lidding law-firm shares。30. In the text ,the author mainly discusses。抱怨 BA the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America。B a problem in Americas legal profession ard solutions to it。C the role undergraduate studies in Americas legal education。D flawed ownership of Americas law firms and its causes。
