1、Section Word power & Grammar and usage语 言 知 识 初 探根据提示写出下列单词1_ n 询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究2_ n. 少量的人或物；一把(的量)3_ vi.&vt. 分割，(使)分开；撕开，割破4_ adj. 每年的，一年一次的5_ n. 接待员【答案】 1.enquiry 2.handful 3.split 4.annual 5receptionist看单词 学构词某些名词后加后缀ful 变为量词。如： spoonful 一勺，mouthful 一口，houseful一屋。根据提示补全下列短语1come _ with 提出2break _ 爆
2、发3make _ 辨认出；明白，弄懂4_ through 给某人接通(电话)；使经历5decide _ 决定，选定6put _ 推迟，推延；使反感7turn _ 出现，到来；调高(音量等)8fill _ 填写(表格)；消磨(时间) 9a handful _ 少数的，少量的 10split _ 分组，分解；分离 【答案】 1.up 2.out 3.out 4.put 5.on/upon 6.off 7.up 8.in 9.of 10.up根据提示补全下列教材原句1Roads where cars can go very fast are called motorways，freeways or
3、expressways _ which country you live in.那些汽车能在上面飞驰的路被称作 motorways，freeways 或 expressways，具体的称呼则取决于你生活在哪个国家。2I can _ you back，or maybe I can deal with your enquiry?我可以让她给你回电话，或者也许我可以处理你询问的事？3Oh，Im a high school student and Im calling to see if _ a trip for my class to look around the transport contro
4、l centre.我是一名中学生，我打电话是想了解是否能安排我班的学生参观交通控制中心。4Hmm，well，we _ students to visit this centre，but you will have to fill in a form and then we will decide on the best way to organize the visit.嗯，哦，我们的确欢迎学生们来参观这个中心，但是你得填写一张表格，然后我们将决定组织这次参观的最佳方式。5I _ your visit off until then as the annual Traffic Conferenc
5、e is coming up next week.我想把你们的参观推迟到那时，因为下周即将召开一年一次的交通会议。【答案】 1.depending on 2.get her to call 3.its possible to arrange 4.do welcome 5.would like to put全 析 重 点 词 汇turn up 出现，到来；调高(音量等)(教材 P56)They did not turn up until 10 oclock.他们直到十点才露面。turn off 关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转变方向turn out 生产；结果是；关掉；出动；驱逐turn over 移交给
6、；翻阅；把 翻过来；反复考虑turn in 交上；归还turn down 把声音调低；拒绝If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house.当你离开的时候如果你忘了关掉它，你可能会把房子烧掉。They offered her the job but she turned it down.他们提供给她那份工作，但她拒绝了。He said he was a doctor， but later he turned out to be a cheat.他自称是医生，但结果他是个骗子。 【导学号：
7、95702022】(教材 P57)Hmm, well, we do welcome students to visit this centre, but you will have to fill_in a form and then we will decide_on the best way to organize the visit.嗯，哦，我们的确欢迎学生们来参观这个中心，但是你得填写一张表格，然后我们将决定组织这次参观的最佳方式。(1)fill in 填写(表格) ；消磨 (时间)fill out 填写(表格)fill up (with sth.) (用)装满fill.with. 用
8、填充be filled withbe full of 装满He filled up the tank with oil and set off at once.他把油箱装满油，接着就出发了。The room was filled with smoke because so many people were smoking here.屋子里满是烟，因为如此多的人在这里吸烟。(2)decide on/upon 决定，选定(1)decide on/ upon (doing) sth. 决定(做) 某事decide against. 决定不要decide to do sth. 下决心做某事decide
9、 sb.to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事It is decided that. 决定(从句谓语动词常用(should)do)(2)decision n. 决定；抉择make a decision 做出决定It was eventually decided that four local restaurants (should) be closed because of waste oil event.因地沟油事件，最后决定关闭四家当地的饭店。In the end we decided against the house because it was too small.最后我们决定不要
10、这栋房子，因为它太小了。split vi.& vt.分割，使( 分开)；撕开，割破(教材 P57)We could split up into groups, and come at different times.我们可以分成小组，在不同的时间来参观。split up 分组，分解；分离，分开split (up)into. (把)分成split sth.between (among) 在之间分配，分摊split away/ off (使)脱离，分裂出去Profits will be split among three major charities.盈利将被三大慈善机构分配。Our teach
11、ers usually split us into groups to discuss questions.老师通常把我们分成小组来讨论问题。A minority which disagreed split off.一个持不同意见的少数派分裂出去了。put through 给某人接通( 电话)；使经历；完成(教材 P57)OK, I will put you through to the receptionist and she can take down your details.好的，我帮你接通接待员的电话，她会记下你的详细情况。put sb.through(to.) 给某人接通(电话)p
12、ut sb.through sth. 使某人经受(磨炼、痛苦)put sth.through 完成；达成；使成功put aside 攒钱；积蓄；把放在一边put up 举起；建造put off 推迟，推延；使反感put up with 忍受；容忍The soldiers were put through eight weeks of basic training.士兵们经受了八个星期的基本训练。Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事今日毕。词汇集训.语境填词1Yesterday I received a present.I d
13、ont know who sent the present，but Ill make careful _.Im writing to my friends to _ about it.(enquire)2The teacher asked the students to raise their _ if they knew the answer，but only a _ of them did so.(hand)3This is an _ exhibition，that is to say，the exhibition is held _.(annual)4In the _ desk， a _
14、 is dealing with a group of guests.(reception)5Goods were _ by water because boats were the only means of _ at that time.(transport)【答案】 1.enquiries；enquire 2.hands；handful3annual；annually 4.reception；receptionist5transported ；transportation.选词填空put through；decide on；turn up；break out；make out；put o
15、ff；fill in；split up1Dont worry about the letterIm sure itll _.2Were still trying to _ a venue.3We managed to _ the deal _.4Shes _ with her boyfriend.5The hole has been _.【答案】 1.turn up 2.decide on 3.put；through 4.split up 5.filled in突 破 重 点 句 式(教材 P57)I can get_her_to_call_you_back,_or maybe I can d
16、eal with your enquiry?我可以让她给你回电话，或者也许我可以处理你询问的事？【句式分析】 句中 get her to call you back 属于“get宾语宾语补足语”结构，不定式短语 to call you back 充当宾语补足语。(1)get sb.to do sth. “让某人做某事” ，不定式与 sb.之间为主谓关系(2)get sb./ sth.doing sth. “使某人/某物开始做某事 ”，现在分词表示动作的开始，与 sb.或 sth.之间为主谓关系(3)get sth.done “使某事被” ，过去分词表示动作已经完成，与 sth.之间为被动关系I
17、 need to get the washing machine fixed(fix)我需要叫人来修洗衣机。Can you really get that old car going(go) again?你真能让那旧车再跑起来吗？名师点津 get 与 have 均为使役动词，两者都可接非谓语动词作宾语补足语，不过 get sb./sth.doing sth.中，现在分词表示动作的开始，而 have sb./sth.doing sth.中，现在分词表示动作的持续；动词 have 后用省略 to 不定式作宾语补足语，即 have sb./sth.do sth.，而动词 get 却用带 to 不定式
18、作宾语补足语。句式集训完成句子1他让我按时完成任务。He got me _ on time.2丽丽让人修了自行车。Lily _.【答案】 1.to finish the task 2.got her bike repaired语 法 专 项 突 破短语动词语境领悟阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1This traffic problem led to the development of the underground system.2Sixteen years later，in 1884，the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolita
19、n District Railway linked up.3When London was bombed，many underground stations functioned as bomb shelters.4.but you will have to fill in a form and then we will decide on the best way to organize the visit.5We could split up into groups，and come at different times.6I can call you back later.要点精析一、短
20、语动词常见的构成方式及特点1动词副词该类动词短语分及物的和不及物的两类。Please turn off every light in the house.请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。(及物)Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。(不及物)2动词介词(及物)He has found out the reason why the sport meeting was put off.他已经弄明白运动会被推迟的原因了。3动词副词介词I look forward to seeing you soon
21、.我期望不久就能见到你。名师点津 (1)及物动词短语后的宾语为名词时，副词放在宾语前后皆可。但如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。(2)如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。He gave the secret away.He gave away the secret.他泄露了秘密。The basket is very light.I can easily pick it up.篮子很轻，我可以容易地提起来。二、常见重点短语动词1以 break 为中心的短语动词break away from 脱离，逃离，甩掉break down 破坏，粉碎，瓦解；出故障，抛锚break into 闯
22、入；强行进入break out 爆发，发生break through 突破break up 解散；结束2以 bring 为中心的短语动词bring about 导致，引起，促使bring back 带回；使回忆；使恢复bring down 使下降，降低；打倒bring out 使显出；使显现；出版；生产bring up 抚养，养育，培养bring in 赚得，挣；引入；收获(农作物等)3以 call 为中心的短语动词call for 需要，要求call in 召集call off 取消，停止进行call on 拜访(某人) ，号召call out 大声喊，唤起call up 打电话给；使想起4
23、以 come 为中心的短语动词come about 发生come across 偶然发现，遇到come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒come to 苏醒；复原；共计；达到come up 走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽；上来；(问题)被提出come up with 提出；想出come out 出版；产生5以 get 为中心的短语动词get across 度过，通过，横过；说服；使被理解get along(with) (与)相处；进展get around 走动；传播；影响；说服get down to 认真对待，静下心来get off 送走；脱下(衣服 )；下车；动身get over 恢复，痊愈；克
24、服；完成get rid of 除去，去掉；免除；摆脱get hold of 抓住；把握；得到；联系get through 拨通；到达；完成；通过6以 give 为中心的短语动词give away 赠送；放弃；泄露；颁发give back 归还；反射give in 屈服，让步，投降give off 发出(烟，气味等 )give out 分发，公布，发出；(使) 筋疲力尽；用完give up 放弃；停止give way to 让步，退却；屈服于7以 go 为中心的短语动词go about 走来走去；( 谣言等) 流传go against 反对；不利于go ahead 前进，进展，继续go by 经
25、过，过去go in for 喜欢；参加；赞成；从事go over 温习，检查go through 审查；履行；通过；经历；忍受go up 上升，上涨go without 无须，没有也行8以 look 为中心的短语动词look about 四下环顾；查看look around 东张西望，环视look back on/upon. 回顾look down on/upon 俯视；轻视look forward to 盼望；期待look into 窥视；调查；浏览look on/upon 旁观；对待look on/upon.as. 把看作look out 向外看；注意；当心，提防look over 从上面
26、看过去；检查，忽略look through 透过看去；看穿；浏览，彻底调查look up 查阅；抬头看；好转look up to 仰望；尊敬语法过关.单句语法填空1They have decided _ the place and date of the outing.2The old and the young are easily taken _ by false advertisements.3Just a little patience and we will look into the problem you put _ soon.4Go _ your lessons again b
27、efore the exam.5The government calls _ everyone to protect our environment.【答案】 1.on 2.in 3.forward 4.over 5.on.单句改错1If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside._2My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird._3We appreciate your apol
28、ogies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter._4When the teacher asks us very difficult questions，Ill think quickly and stand to answer._5Every one of us can make a great effort to cut off the use of energy in our country._【答案】 1.wait 后加 for 2.onat 3.figure 后加 out 4.stand 后加 up 5.offdown
