1、Lesson 3 The Advertising Game,1consist of 由组成,点拨 consist of 没有被动语态，也不用于进行时。如：,Our committee consists of five retired teachers.我们委员会由五名退休教师组成。拓展 consist in 在于，存在于consist with 与一致,运用 完成句子(1)言行应该一致。 Actions should _ ones words.(2)威尼斯的美丽在于它的古代建筑风格。 The beauty of Venice_ the style of its ancient,building
2、s.,(3)我们队由 15 名国外朋友组成。Our team _ 15 foreign friends.,consist with,consists in,consists of,2apply v申请； 应用,典例 He has applied for a post in England.他已申请在英国任职。,We should apply the new technology to farming.我们应把这项新技术运用到农业上。,拓展 apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请/请求某物apply oneself to sth.致力于/集中精力做某事apply sth.to 把某物
3、施于，把某物运用于apply ones mind to 专心于,application n申请(书)；应用,运用 完成句子(1)我们应当把理论运用到实践中去。We should _. (2)我会向经理申请这份工作。 I will _ the manager _ thejob.(3)你只有真正专心致志学习，考试才能及格。Only by _ your study really can you,pass your exams.,apply theory to practice,apply to,for,applying yourself to,3approach n方法，方式 vt.走进，接近；处理
4、(问题等),典例,The approach to the problem has not been worked out.,这个问题的解决方法还没制定出来。The time is approaching when we must be on board.我们上船的时间快到了。拓展 an approach to doing sth.(做)某事的方法at ones approach 某人一靠近approach sb./sth.靠近某人/物,运用 完成句子,(1)学习外语的最好途径是学口语。,_ learning a foreign language is the,study of the spok
5、en language.,(2)他一靠近小鸟就飞走了。_， the birds flew away.(3)买房的好时机到了。,The time is _ for the good chance of buying,a house.,The best approach to,At his approach,approaching,4contribution n贡献，捐助,典例,They made a great contribution to the development of,the economy.他们对经济的发展做出了重大贡献。I made a contribution of 100 d
6、ollars to my home-town.我向我的家乡捐献了 100 美元。拓展 make contributions/a contribution to (doing) sth.对(做)某事做出贡献contribute v贡献，捐助contribute.to/towards (doing) sth.向(做)某事捐献/贡献,运用 完成句子,(1)他对太空发展计划有着很大的贡献。,He has _ the space development,program.,(2)他捐出他所有的钱为本地贫穷的孩子建了一所小学。,He has _ a primary,school for poor child
7、ren in this area.,made great contributions to,contributed all his money to building,运用 用所给单词的适当形式填空,1Tell us what you want to _， and we are sure to put,your _ in the local newspaper.(advertise),2 To be frank, the food _ me but this wine is not,_ to my taste.(suit),3 He _ all his time and energy to m
8、edical,research, and the research made _ to ourunderstanding of this disease.(contribute),4He has a good sense of _，and he likes telling,some _ stories.(humour),advertise,advertisement,suits,suitable,contributed,contributions,humour,humorous,1It is likely to be just the name of a company, part of wh
9、ich may be a general location.它很可能仅是公司的名称，其中可能含 有公司的大概位置。(P26, L2),点拨,be likely to do sth. 意 为 “ 可 能 做 某 事 ” ； part of,which may be a general location 为“名词ofwhich 引导定语 从句”，可以和“whose名词”互换。如：He is likely to come.他可能要来。Light is the fastest thing in the world, the speed of which is 300,000 kilometers pe
10、r second. Light is the fastest thing in the world, whose speed is300,000 kilometers per second.光的速度是世界上最快的，其速度是每秒三十万公里。,运用 完成句子(1)大厅里有三十把椅子，绝大部分是新的。There are 30 chairs in the hall, _ are new.(2)今晚她很有可能给我打电话。She _ ring me tonight.,most of which,is very likely to,2 Modern advertisements must stand out
11、 in a world full ofcompetition by combining the highest standards of design withideas linked to the products to make them more attractive. 现代广告必须把高水平的设计和产品理念相结合，以增强吸引力，这样才能在激烈的竞争中胜出。(P26, L18),点拨,(1) 本句是一个结构复杂的较长的简单句。full of,competition 是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰 a world，意为“一个充满竞争的世界”；by combining.with. (通过将与相结
12、合)是介词短语作状语；在这个状语中 linked to the products是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 ideas; to make them moreattractive 是不定式短语作状语。如：,He studies hard at school by asking as many questions as,possible to make progress.,他在学校学习很努力，通过尽可能多地提问题以取得进步。Who were the so-called guests invited ( who had been,invited) to your party last night
13、?,昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？(2)make them more attractive 是“make 宾语宾语补足 语”结构，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带 to 的不定式、过去分 词、形容词或名词。如：,The boss made his workers work long hours. 老板迫使工人长时间工作。,His actions made him universally respected. 他的行为使他受到普遍尊敬。,运用 完成句子 (1)靠多做家庭作业，他很快在班上名列前茅。_，he soon got ahead of his classmates.(2)玛丽在读
14、那位年轻作家的书。 Mary is reading the book _ the young author. (3)昨晚什么使他们如此害怕？ What _ last night? (4)在交通的嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人,听到。,He couldnt _ above the noise of the traffic. (5)我认识一个适合这个角色的人。 I know a man _.,By doing extra homework,written by,made them so frightened,make himself heard,suitable for the role,
15、3 However, not all advertising is about selling products andservices for a profit.然而，并非所有的广告都是为了营利而推销产品和进行服务的。(P26, L36),点拨 本句是一个部分否定的句子。not all.意为“并非所有的都”，有时也用 all.not 来表达。有类似用法的还有 both, every, always, everywhere 等；其完全否定分别用 neither,no one, never, nowhere 等来表达。如：,John is not always the first to be h
16、ere.约翰并非总是第一个到这里。,I dont know both of them.,他们两个人我并不是都认识。,Everyone is not here.Not everyone is here.并非每个人都在这儿。运用 完成句子,(1)并非所有的学生愿意做这件事。,_ willing to do it.,(2)所有在场的人都不赞成你。,_ present agreed with you.,Not all the students are/All the students are not,None of the people,动名词作主语、宾语、表语和定语,动名词是英语中动词的非谓语形式之
17、一，起名词的作用，但是仍然保留动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。,一、作主语,1.动名词可直接放在句首作主语。如：Seeing is believing.眼见为实。,2.在“It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time动名词”结,构中，it 为形式主语，动名词为真正的主语。如：It is no use sending him to a hospital.送他去医院没用。,3.有时可以在动名词前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构，此时，该所有格作动名词的逻辑主语。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。如：,T
18、heir coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们过来援助对我们是极大的鼓舞。二、作宾语,1. 有些动词和动词短语只能接动名词作宾语，如 admit,avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, mind, keep, imagine, practice,suggest, cant help, give up, put off, feel like 等。如：,We must practice speaking English every morning. 我们每天早晨都要练习说英语。,He is try
19、ing to give up smoking.他正在尝试戒烟。,2.动名词常跟在介词后面作宾语。如：,We are thinking of making a new plan.我们正考虑制定新的计划。,3. 在“have difficulty/trouble/problem/a hard time/fun/a goodtime ( in) 动 名 词 ” ， “be busy ( in) 动 名 词 ” ，“waste/lose time (in)动名词”， “There is no point (in)动名词”等结构中，动名词作介词宾语，其中 in 常常可以省略。如：,The childre
20、n are busy (in) doing their homework.孩子们忙着做作业。,注意：,(1)表示“需要”的动词 need, want, require 后接动名词时，习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义(若用不定式，则用不定式的被动形式)。如：,The outside of the house needs painting/to be painted.房子外墙需要粉刷。,(2)be worth 后接动名词时也要用主动形式表示被动意义。,如：,This might be worth thinking about.这或许值得考虑。,三、作表语,动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为或笼统的
21、概念，其主语常是表示无生命事物的名词或 what 引导的名词性从句。动名词和主语通常是对等关系，可以互换位置。如：Your task is cleaning the window. Cleaning the window is,your task.你的任务就是擦窗户。,注意：一般情况下，不定式与动名词作主语时可以互换，也都可以用 it 充当形式主语，而把不定式或动名词放在句子的后半部分。但二者也有区别，不定式常常指某次具体的、将要发生的行为；而动名词则表示一般的、抽象的行为。,四、作定语,动名词作定语修饰名词时，说明被修饰名词的用途，在意,义上相当于“名词fordoing”。如：,a swim
22、ming poola pool for swimming 一个游泳池,注意：如果动词的-ing 形式在句中作定语，那么它可能是,现在分词，也可能是动名词。区别在于：,动名词作定语时，用于说明被修饰的名词的用途，它和所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系；现在分词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词的行为，和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。 如：,a sleeping cara car used for sleeping 一节卧车车厢a sleeping childa child who is sleeping 一个睡着的孩子,一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1She didnt mind
23、_ (work) overtime. 2We are looking forward to Marys _ (come)3She was praised for _ (save) the life of the child.4_ (say) is easier than doing.,5His hobby is _ (collect) stamps.,6 His father bought a new _ (wash) machine,yesterday.,working,coming,saving,Saying,collecting,washing,7 It is no use _ (rea
24、d) without _(understand) thoroughly (彻底地) 8 Take these _ (sleep) pills once a day and youll,have a good sleep.,9_ (live) in a quiet town can make you feel peaceful.10 It is very cold outside.I feel like _ (drink),something hot.,reading,understanding,sleeping,Living,drinking,二、完成句子1他的工作是照看孩子。 His job
25、 is _ the children.2我认为这个博物馆值得参观。 I think the museum is _.3他正考虑致力于教育这些山村孩子。He is considering _ these children of the village. 4你的衬衫需要清洗。最好今天拿去洗了。Your shirt needs _.Youd better have,it done today.,5我太累了，今早起床很艰难。 I was too tired, and I had a hard time _ this morning.,looking after,worth visiting,devoting himself to educating,washing/to be washed,getting up,
