1、1Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero grammar 课时作业一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。Those who claim bananas are fattening argue that bananas cause the body to make lots of insulin(胰岛素)，and insulin causes fat growth.How much insulin we produce is related to how fast food becomes sugar in our
2、bloodstream.How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数)，or GI rating tells us.Foods with GI scores above 75 are considered highGI foods，leading to faster sugar development.Bananas have a GI of 62，which is considered low.Weight loss can be a struggle for anyone，but
3、 it is especially hard for diabetics(糖尿病患者)A study looked at how the starch from unripe bananas affected the weight of a group of obese diabetics.After four weeks of a diet high in bananas，diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet.They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivi
4、ty from the banana diet.Whats more，bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes，diabetes and cancers(Bananas are the most powerful fruit for lowering the risk of kidney cancer.)Bananas are also a rich source of fiber，which has been shown to help weight loss.Bananas that still have some green on t
5、he skin are even higher in fiber.Skins from green bananas can be taken and，after removing the stem and dark tip，cut into small pieces 23 inches long and 1/2 inch wide.These pieces can be made into a tea or added to a dish.When you eat the skins， be sure you are eating organic bananas.The flesh of re
6、gular bananas is low in pesticides，but the skins are not.1What conclusion can we draw from Paragraphs 1&2?ABananas are likely to make people fat.BInsulin determines the amount of sugar.CLowGI foods can turn into sugar more slowly.DThe faster the food becomes sugar，the less insulin.2What does the aut
7、hor say about bananas?AIncluding bananas in diets is good for health.BBananas can cure people suffering kidney cancer.CEating organic bananas protect people from strokes.DBananas abundant fiber improves insulin sensitivity.3What is discussed in the last paragraph?AThe use of banana skins.BThe benefi
8、ts of banana skins.2CThe importance of banana skins.DThe ways of choosing organic bananas.4In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage?AEducation. BHealth.CCulture. DScience.【解题导语】本文反驳了“吃香蕉会使人发胖”这一错误观点，告诉大家香蕉不会使身体分泌很多胰岛素而导致脂肪增加，相反，香蕉对身体健康有着诸多好处。1C 考查推理判断。根据第二段中 “How can you know if food
9、 makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数 )faster sugar development”可知，血糖指数高的食物往往能更快地转化成糖分，反之，血糖指数低的食物转化成糖分的速度较慢。故选 C。2A 考查推理判断。根据文章第三段中的 “diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet.They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet”及第四段的“bananas
10、 have been shown to cut risks of strokes，diabetes and cancers.weight loss”可知，香蕉可以帮助人们减肥，也能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，由此可得出这样的结论：将香蕉列入日常饮食对人们的健康有益，故选 A。3A 考查主旨要义。根据最后一段的内容尤其是 “.can be made into a tea or added to a dish”可知，本段主要讲的是香蕉皮的用途。故选 A。4B 考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，香蕉不仅有助于减肥，还能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，而且香蕉皮也有用处。由此可知，本文最有可能出
11、现在报纸的健康专栏。故选 B。二、单句语法填空1(2017北京高考)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.答案：can 此处表示能力，要用 can。2I think you should apologize to your brother _your rudeness.答案：for apologize to sb. for sth. “因为某事向某人道歉”。3It is surprising that there are still many people in the w
12、orld _(starve) to death each year.答案：starving starve to death “饿死”，people 和 starve 在逻辑上存在主谓关系，故要用 starve 的现在分词形式，作后置定语。4No official _(permit) has been given for the event to take place.答案：permission official permission “官方许可”，在句中是名词短语作主语。5Forgive others, and you _(forgive)3答案：will be forgiven 本句是“祈使
13、句，and sb. will do .”句式，本句中 forgive 和 you存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。6The story reminds me _an unforgettable experience I once had.答案：of remind sb. of sth. “使某人想到某事”。7Contrary to the popular belief _classical music is too complex, it achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create.答案：that 句中 belief 为一抽象名词，
14、其后接由 that 连接的同位语从句进一步解释说明 belief。8Id like to express my _(admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.答案：admiration 由空前的人称代词 my 可知，此处应用名词 admiration “敬佩”。9_was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.答案：It It is obvious that . “很明显”。10The judge _(award) him
15、 $1,000 in damages.答案：awarded award 在句中是谓语动词，意为“裁定；判给”。三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。(2018乌鲁木齐第三次诊断)It was 3 am，a cold and wet night，on August 21,2010.I had just left a local club to travel ten kilometers home when I lost _1_ of my car on Grand Junction Road in Hope Valley.I
16、_2_ into a still car that was _3_ in front of a house，and then hit a tree.I was badly injured！ _4_ still，I had no idea that a fire had started _5_ the bonnet (引擎盖)of my car._6_ in the car behind me was a young man，who I later found out was called Jared.He saw the accident occur and _7_ to help me ou
17、t of the car.He put his own life in _8_ when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt.With my seat belt _9_ ，Jared then broke the drivers window to drag me out.He _10_ did this while my car was burning._11_ by the crash，the homeowners came out to investigate(调查)Jared told them to ring e
18、mergency services _12_ he continued to help me out of the car.I _13_ my life to Jared and I consider him a good friend due to the _14_ bond created on the night he dragged me to safety.I was rushed to the Royal Adelaide Hospital in a _15_ condition，five bones broken.I spent a few weeks in hospital，d
19、uring which time Jared visited me to see how I was 4_16_.He also continued to contact me after I returned home.He says he doesnt believe that he did anything special.On that，I _17_ disagree with him and am very glad that he didnt get hurt in the _18_.Today， nearly seven years later，Jared and I still
20、 _19_ and often talk about the events of that night.Jared is my _20_ and my friend.1A.balance BsightCinterest Dcontrol2A.got BsteppedCcrashed Dhid3A.kept BparkedCfound Dstood4A.Worse BLuckilyCClearly DBadly5A.off B underCnear Dbeyond6A.Sitting BSleepingCDriving DWaiting7A.stopped BfailedChappened Dh
21、esitated8A.practice BhandCsafety Ddanger9A.renewed BundoneCrepaired Dfastened10A.hardly BgraduallyCbravely Dnaturally11A.Annoyed B DraggedCWarned DWoken12A.while BalthoughCuntil Dsince13A.devote BoweCtake Dsave14A.bloody B socialCspecial Dloose15A.nervous B pleasant5Cnormal Dserious16A.recovering B
22、operatingCstruggling Drelaxing17A.eventually BexactlyCtotally Dprobably18A.spot B processCway Dchallenge19A.take care Bfit inCdrop in on Dkeep in touch20A.angel BownerCdoctor Ddriver【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。七年前的一个夜晚， “我”的车失控撞到前面的车辆和树木，然后起火， “我” 受了重伤， “我”后边的车里的年轻人勇敢将“ 我”从车里救出来并把“我”送到医院。 “我”康复后和那个年轻人成了好朋友。1D 考查
23、名词辨析。根据下文中的 “hit a tree”可推知， “我”的车失控了。lose control of.为固定短语，意为“对失去控制”，符合语境。故选 D。2C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的 “hit a tree.I was badly injured！”可推知， “我”撞上了一辆车。 “crash into”为固定短语，意为 “撞上”。故选 C。3B 考查动词辨析。根据本句中的 “a still car”和空格后的“in front of a house”可推知，“我”撞上了一辆停在房子前面的车。B 项意为“停放(汽车等 )”，符合语境。故选 B。4A 考查副词辨析。根据本句中的 “I
24、had no idea that a fire had started.”可推知，撞车本来就是一件很糟糕的事，而着火则令事情更加糟糕。worse still 意为“更糟糕的是”，符合语境。故选 A。5B 考查介词辨析。根据本句中的 “the bonnet(引擎盖)of my car”可推知，车的引擎盖下面着火了，而作者并不知情。B 项意为“ 在下面”，符合语境。故选 B。6C 考查动词辨析。根据下文 “He saw the accident occur.”及语境可知，这个年轻人目击了这起事故；由此可推知，他当时应该是在我后面开车。故选 C。7A 考查动词辨析。根据下文所描述的这个年轻人救 “我
25、”的过程可推知，此处是指他停下自己的车然后把“我” 从车里救出来。stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事” ，符合语境。故选 A。8D 考查名词辨析。根据上文可知， “我”的车撞到了一辆车并起火；由此可推知，这个年轻人是冒着生命危险将“我”从车里拽出来的。put.in danger 为固定搭配，意为“将置于危险之中” 。故选 D。9B 考查动词辨析。根据上一段中的 “when he got into the back seat trying to undo my 6seat belt”可推知，他先解开了我的安全带。B 项意为“解开，松开”，符合语境。故选 B。10C 考查副词辨析。
26、根据本句中的 “while my car was burning”可推知，当时车还在着火，所以将“ 我” 从车里拽出来很危险，他的这个行为很勇敢。C 项意为“勇敢地”，符合语境。故选 C。11D 考查动词辨析。根据文章第一句中的 “It was 3 am, a cold and wet night”可知，此处指这家人被这场事故吵醒。D 项意为“弄醒，醒来”，符合语境。故选 D。12A 考查连词辨析。句意为： Jared 告诉他们打急救电话，同时继续把“我”从车中拽出来。while 意为“ 与同时 ”，强调两件事同时发生。故选 A。13B 考查动词辨析。此处指 “我”能活下来是因为 Jared。
27、 owe.to.为固定用法，意为“将归功于 ”。故选 B。14C 考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的 “created on the night he dragged me to safety”可知，此处是指在 Jared 救“ 我”的那晚我们就建立了特殊的联系。C 项意为“特别的”，符合语境。故选 C。15D 考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的 “five bones broken”可知， “我”被送往医院时断了五根骨头；由此可推知， “我”的伤势很严重。D 项意为“ 严重的”，符合语境。故选 D。16A 考查动词辨析。根据语境及常识可知， Jared 来医院是看“我”恢复得怎么样了。A 项意为“康复，
28、恢复”，符合语境。故选 A。17C 考查副词辨析。根据前一句 “He says he doesnt believe that he did anything special.”可知，他认为自己并没有做什么特别的事情。而 “我”在这一点上完全不同意他的看法，因为他救了“ 我” 的命。C 项意为“完全地，全部地”，符合语境。故选 C。18B 考查名词辨析。此处是指 “我”很庆幸他在营救“我”的过程中没有受伤。B 项意为“过程”，符合语境。故选 B。19D 考查动词短语辨析。根据本句中的 “often talk about the events of that night”可知，多年后我们仍然保持着
29、联系。D 项意为“保持联系”，符合语境。故选 D。20A 考查名词辨析。根据上文可知， Jared 救过“我”的命，因此“我”觉得他是“ 我”的天使、 “我”的朋友。A 项意为“天使”，符合语境。故选 A。四、单句改错1The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in the memory of the dead._答案：去掉 memory 前的 the in memory of “为了纪念”。2Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will turn out sooner or late
30、r._答案：outup turn up “出现；露面”。turn out “证明是；结果是”。73Its possible to hold your breathe for two minutes in practice._答案：breathebreath breathe 是动词，意为“呼吸”，breath 是名词，hold ones breath意为“屏住呼吸 ”。4The Internet gives people the chance to have the information they look forward to delivering to them quickly and c
31、heaply._答案：deliveringdelivered 句中“they look forward to”是定语从句，先行词是information。have the information delivered “传递/发送信息 ”。5Word came the president would be shown around our school._答案：came 后加 that Word came that . “消息传来说”。that 引导的是同位语从句，虽无意义但是不能省略。五、七选五Coming facetoface with your inadequacies(缺点)can be
32、 painful，to say the least._1_ It even makes you question yourself.Your kneejerk reaction may be to get defensive or even dismiss the critique entirely.But handling negative feedback with grace will not only make you look gracious，but it could ultimately help you grow as a person.Heres how to do it.1
33、Be objective about the criticismBefore you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other persons opinion，take a step back and look at it objectively.Next time you get a bad review，dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the cr
34、iticism is at all accurate._2_2Avoid unnecessary conflictIf you decide that the point is valid，it may be hard to take.In your discomfort，you may feel the urge to criticize the other person angrily and defend yourself._3_3Be open to the idea of change_4_ And it may be because of a concept called “cog
35、nitive dissonance” that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most.4Ask questionsIf youre open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement，you will likely need more information._5_ Your emotions will be running high，and you may not be particularly receptive to extra in
36、formation.However，when you feel ready，it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you.Even if you dont agree with their advice，thank them and promise to consider it.8AMost of us are pretty stubborn.BThere is no doubt that change is necessary.CBut its best to avoid getting
37、 into an argument.DBeing sensitive to criticism leads you nowhere.EIt challenges the way you believe people see you.FGive yourself a chance to really take in the information and evaluate it.GThe initial moment you hear it may not be the best time to ask for more details.【解题导语】听到别人对你的批评也许会很痛苦，但是如果优雅地
38、处理这些问题，自己将变得更好。1E 根据空后一句话可知，空处与下一句是递进关系，E 项“这会挑战你认为别人看待你的方式”，所以 E 项符合语境。2F 根据空前的“dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather， take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate”可知，空处应讲给自己一个机会真正吸收这些信息并对其进行评估。故 F 项符合语境。3C 根据该段小标题“Avoid unnecessary conflict”
39、可知，C 项“但是最好避免陷入争吵”符合语境。4A 根据空后的“And it may be because of a concept calledcognitive dissonance that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most”及本段小标题可知，A 项“我们大部分人都很倔强” 符合语境。5G 根据空后的“Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information”并结合上文可知，空处应讲最开始听到批评时不适合问更多的细节，故 G 项符合语境。
