1、新课标人教 A 英语必修二第 1 单元教与练【附详解】（Cultural relics）Unit 1 Cultural relics【单元目标】1. 知识目标类别 新课程标准要求掌握的项目话题Cultural relics protection; famous cultural relics in China and abroad词汇cultural survive remain state rare dynasty vase belong gift ton stone heat design fancy style jewel king reception light mirror wond
2、er(n.) remove furniture secretly wooden doubt apart trial consider opinion evidence prove pretend maid castle sailor treasure besides短语look into belong to in search of in return at war take apart think highly of功能1. 征求看法 (Asking for opinions)Are you sure he / she was telling the truth? How do you kn
3、ow that?How can you be sure he / she was telling the truth?Why / Why not?2. 发表看法 (Giving opinions)I dont believe because That cant be true. It is (not) a fact.I (dont) agree with you. I dont agree that It can be proved. The truth is (not) easy to know.I think they have said useful things has no reas
4、on to lie.语法 定语从句 (III)1. 限制性定语从句 (Restrictive attributive clause)A cultural relic is something that has survived for a long time.It is your job to look into any reports of cultural relics that have been found in China.2. 非限制性定语从句 (Non-restrictive attributive clause)This gift was the Amber Room, whi
5、ch was given this name because almost seven thousand tons of amber were used to make it.2. 能力目标（教师用书内容）（1）Enable the students to talk about the story of Amber Room.（2）Enable the students to make judgments and to write a short reply to a letter, then give their own opinions. （3）How to tell the attrib
6、utive clauses with that/which/who/ where/when/ from other clauses3. 情感目标（教师用书内容）（1）Let the students know more about culture in the world and Chinese culture.（2）Let the students know something about Chinese cultural relics and how to protect them.4. 文化意识（教师用书内容）（1）Let students know different cultural
7、 relics and have the sense of protecting cultural relics.（2）Encourage students to think of more ways to protect cultural relics. 【话题探究】文物是人类在历史发展过程中遗留下来的遗物、遗迹。文物是祖先留给我们的无价之宝，是金钱买不到的。文物一旦损坏，就永远不能复原。没有众多的文物史迹，文明古国也就名存实亡，失去其传统的风采和内涵。所以，我们要好好爱护文物。Protection of Cultural RelicsThe 1990s was a period when
8、China made the largest investment and achieved the most remarkable success in the protection of cultural relics. During that period, the special subsidies appropriated by the Central Government for the protection of cultural relics in more than 1,000 projects totaled about RMB 700 million yuan. As a
9、 result, a large number of cultural relics have been saved from destruction. Prominent successes have been achieved in the maintenance and protection of historical sites such as the Potala Palace (Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region), the Kumbum Monastery (Huangzhong County, Qinghai Province), the Kizil
10、Thousand-Buddha Cave (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region), the Longmen Grottoes (Luoyang City, Henan Province), the Yungang Caves (Datong City, Shaanxi Province), the Mountain Summer Resort (Chengde City, Hebei Province), and the Thatched Cottage of Tang Poet Du Fu (Chengdu City, Sichuan Province), ar
11、ousing great attention both at home and abroad.文物保护上个世纪九十年代是中对文物保护进行大规模投资并取得了巨大成就的时期。在那个时期，中央政府为一千个文物保护工程拨专项资金总额大约七亿元。结果，大批濒临破坏的文物得到保护。在维护和保护历史古迹方面也取得了巨大成就，例如布达拉宫（西藏自治区拉萨市） 、白居寺（青海省湟中县） 、克孜尔石窟（新疆维吾尔自治区） 、龙门石窟（河南省洛阳市） 、云冈石窟（山西省大同市） 、避暑山庄（河北省承德市） 、杜甫草堂（四川省成都市） 、这些都引起了国内外的广泛关注。The protection of famous
12、historical and cultural cities includes both the act of keeping the ancient buildings and historical sectors in their original state and the maintenance of the styles and features of the ancient cities. The ancient city of Lijiang in Yunan Province and the city of Pingyao in Shaanxi Province are two
13、 successful examples, which have been put on the UNESCOs World Cultural and Natural Heritage List.著名历史文物的保护既包括要按照原来的状况保护古建筑和历史遗迹又要按古城的特点和风格进行维护。云南省的丽江和山西省的平遥就是两个成功的例子。这两个城市已被列入联合国教科文组织历史文化遗产名录。The ancient villages in China are great in number and wide in distribution, which is rare in the world. Exc
14、ept for a few built during the Song and Yuan dynasties, most of the existing old villages date from the Ming and Qing periods. They are distributed in mountainous areas that have developed slowly. The natural environments and relics of folk culture, art and handicrafts are well kept in these village
15、s. Cultural relics authorities are planning an ancient village protection activity of an even larger scale. According to plan, China will make a general survey of ancient villages and traditional houses with great cultural and artisic values, and formulate a state protection plan.中国古代村落数量大、分布广。这在世界罕
16、见。除了少数鉴于宋元时期，大部分现存的村落都是明清时期的。他们分布在发展缓慢的山区。自然环境、民间文物、民间艺术和手工艺在这些村子里都得到了很好的保存。文物部门正计划实施大规模地保护村落活动。根据计划，中国将对古代村落和具有文化和艺术价值的传统民居进行一次大的普查，然后指定国家保护方案。So far, 28 cultural and natural herital sites in China have been put on the UNESCOs World Cultural and Natural Heritage List, ranking China third in the wor
17、ld in this respect.到目前为止。中国有 28 个自然文化遗址列入联合国教科文组织自然文化遗产名录，在这方面中国位居世界第三位。【背景激趣】Zhou Dynasty relics unearthed in ShaanxiRelics found in ancient burial pits last month have been hailed as among the greatest archaeological finds of 2005. Articles unearthed from the site in Hancheng city in Northwest Chi
18、nas Shaanxi Province date back to the Zhou Dynasty of about 3,000 years ago. They include more than 600 items of bronze ware, as well as rare gold items and lacquer(漆) ware, according to Shaanxi archaeological sources. Excavation(发掘) leaders said they will resume the search in February after the Spr
19、ing Festival and hope to make further discoveries. “The findings so far may help rewrite historical records,“ said Jiao Nanfeng, director of Shaanxi Archaeology Research Institute. He told China Daily the finds were the most important archaeological event in Shaanxi and one of the most significant t
20、hroughout the whole country in 2005. “The ancient Zhous tombs we found were well protected,“ Jiao said. “The hosts of the tombs are believed to be high-ranking officials in ancient times. The relics unearthed from the tombs provide precious materials for research on the period of Zhou Dynasty as it
21、is the first time treasures like this have been unearthed.“ In October, 2004, Hancheng Municipal Tourism Bureau, with help from local residents, located the large-scale ancient tomb group in Liangdai Village, about 7 kilometres northeast from the city. With approval by Shaanxi Provincial Cultural He
22、ritage Bureau and the State Heritage Administration, excavation on the sites started in April, 2005, said Sun Bingjun, head of the excavation team. After an eight-month effort, archaeologists found that the total area of the tombs group was about 33.3 hectares, which consisted of 103 tombs and 17 pi
23、ts buried with bronze horses and chariots(战车), Sun said. “From the four major large tombs themselves and rare treasures unearthed from them, we believe that the tombs belong to the dukes in late Western Zhou (11th century-771 BC) and early Eastern Zhou (770-256 BC). Since 1974, we have not found suc
24、h old and high-ranking ancient tombs that had not suffered from robbing.“ 1. When did people first find the Zhou Dynasty relics? A. Before Oct, 2004. B. In Oct, 2004. C. In April, 2005. D. In Oct, 2005. 【解析】选 A 。 倒数第四段中 Hancheng Municipal Tourism Bureau located the large-scale ancient tomb group in
25、Liangdai Village, about 7 kilometres northeast from the city.因此推断出周朝遗址的发现在这个时间之前。2. What are included in the findings of Zhou Dynasty relics? A. Things for ancient living and farming B. 103 tombs and 17 pits. C. Some gold and bronze ware D. Things for ancient living and warring. 【解析】选 D 。 A 项中的 farm
26、ing 不对；B 项中的对象不是 in the findings of Zhou Dynasty relics 中的；C 项的内容太片面。综合这篇文章的内容可以知道，周朝遗址的遗物主要在生活和战争两个方面。3. All the statements are about Zhou Dynasty relics EXCEPT _. A. Zhou Dynasty relics are the most important archaeological finds so far. B. The relics are tombs about high-ranking officials in anci
27、ent China. C. With the bronze horses and chariots, we know the relics were mainly about ancient wars. D. The excavation on Zhou Dynasty relics may take a long period of time. 【解析】选 C 。本项是 Zhou Dynasty relics 的内容，不是对它的陈述，并且 mainly about ancient wars 没有充分的理由。4. According to this passage, we can infer
28、_. A. Thieves have dug and stolen all the ancient tombs in Shaanxi, but some bronze ware was left. B. The process of excavating Zhou Dynasty will be finished after the Spring Festival C. The local government is responsible for ancient sites. D. The unearthed ware all belonged to the dukes of last We
29、stern Zhou and early Eastern Zhou. 【解析】选 C 。从倒数第三段的内容可以知道，对周朝遗址的发掘是在 With approval by Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Heritage Bureau and the State Heritage Administration 的允许下进行的，因此选择本项。Warming Up【课时目标】1. 词汇短语（1）_ rare _ adj. . 稀少的；罕有的；稀薄的（2）_valuable adj. 有价值的2. 重点句型（1）It is +adj. /n. +to do 来源:学科网 ZX
30、XK（2）whetheror not【任务导学】What are cultural relics?A cultural relic is something that has survived for a long time, often a part of something old that has remained when the rest has been destroyed; it tells people about the past.凯旋门是 1806 年拿破仑为纪念法国大军战胜奥俄联军而建的。随后的 1830 年革命，路易-菲利浦国王将其作为革命军和帝国的纪念馆。坐落于印度古
31、都阿格的 泰姬陵，是世界七大奇迹之一，世纪莫卧儿帝国皇帝 沙杰汉为纪念其爱妃慕塔芝玛，动用了数万名工人，以宝石 镶饰修建陵寝，图案之细致令人叫绝。比萨斜塔位于意大利中部比萨古城内的教堂广场上，于年动工兴建，年完工，全塔建成后，塔顶中心点还是偏离塔体中心垂直线米左右。特别是近一个世纪以来，塔已向南倾斜了大约厘米，斜度达到度，塔身超过垂直平面米。这种“斜而不倾”的现象，堪称世界建筑史上的奇迹，使比萨斜塔闻名遐迩。长城位于中国的北部，它东起河北省渤海湾的山海关，西至内陆地区甘肃省的嘉峪关。横贯河北、北京、内蒙古、山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃等七个省、市、自治区，全长约 6700 公里，约 13300 仝里
32、，在世上有“万里长城”之誉。长城，作为一顶伟大的工程，成为中华民族的一份宝贵遗产。【语汇导学】语汇研习1. Does a cultural relics always have to be rare and valuable? 文物总得是稀有和价值连城吗？（1）rare adj. . 稀少的；罕有的；稀薄的With rare exceptions, he does not appear in public now. 除了极其个别的情况外，他现在不公开露面。It is rare to find such an interesting group of people. 很少找到这么有趣的一群人了。
33、I only saw Helen on the rare occasions when I went into her shop. 当我到 Helen 的店里时，很少时候能见到她。联想发散rarely adv. 不常；很少；难得 rarity n. 稀罕；罕见注意：rarely 用于句首时，和 seldom, never 等一样，后面的句子要用倒装句式。Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset. 我很少见到这样美丽的落日。（2）valuable adj. valuable，意为 “有很大价值的”、 “很有用”、 “贵重的”。如：You will fi
34、nd this little tool valuable for cutting out small shapes. 你会发现这件小工具对雕琢小件物品十分有用。This old Chinese square table is a very valuable piece of furniture. 这张旧的中国八仙桌是一件很珍贵的家具。联想发散 value n. 价值 vt. 评估；珍惜 valuables n. 贵重物品invaluable 无价的，非常珍贵的 valueless 没有任何价值的2. Is it enough to have survived for a long time?
35、存了很久就行吗？（1）此句是一个 it 用作形式主语的句子，动词不定式 to have survived for a long time 是真正的主语。该句型结构是：It + be + adj. + 动词不定式。例如：It is necessary to learn English well. 有必要学好英语。It is impossible to finish such hard work in such a short time. 在这么短的时间内完成这么难的工作是不可能的。思维拓展（1）It + be + 形容词 + for sb.）+ 动词不定式这类句型常用形容词 easy, diff
36、icult, hard, important, possible，wise 等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加 for sb.。如：Its necessary for the young to master two foreign language. 年轻人有必要掌握两门外语。It is unwise to give the children whatever they want. 孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。这类形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise （2）It + be + 形容词 + of sb
37、. + 动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate 等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如：Its very kind of you to help me with the work. =You are kind to help me. 你帮助我工作真是太好了。It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others. =He seemed
38、 selfish not to share his dictionary with others. 他不给别人用字典似乎是自私的。（2）survive 意思是“幸存” ，可以做及物动词和不及物动词，主要有以下用法。1）vt. 从中逃生； 比活得长Only two passengers survived the air-crash. 这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于死。She survived her husband by twenty years. 她丈夫去世后她又活了二十年。He survived his wife for many years. 他比妻子多活好多年。2）vi. 幸存Few s
39、urvived after the flood. 洪水后极少有人生还。The man was very ill, but he survived. 这个人病得很厉害，可是他活下来了。3. Look at the pictures below and discuss what they are and whether they are cultural relics or not? 看看下面的图片，讨论他们是什么、他们是否是文物。whether . or not 是连接词，可以引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。意思是“不论还是不” ，连接词性相同的单词、词组或子句。当 whether . or .中
40、的 or 之后对等的单词或词组相同时，该单词或词组可省略，而以 not 代替；or not 也可省略；也可写成 whether or not。She does not care whether you like her or not. 她不在乎你是否喜欢她。It doesnt mater whether he comes or not.他来不来都没有关系。Theres always weather, weather, whether we like it or not. 老是有各种各样的天气，不论我们喜欢不喜欢。Whether he will come (or not), we will go
41、 on with our plan. 不管他来不来，我们仍按原计划进行。Whether or not he will stay, I really dont care. 他要留下来还是要走，我真的不在意。活学活用Everything depends on _ we have enough time. A. that B. how C. if D. whether 2007 年湖南卷解析：D。depend on 中 on 是介词，介词之后以之后的宾语从句一般用 whether，而不用 if来引导。语汇辨析whether 和 if (1) 在下列几种情况下只能用 whether，不可用 if:1)
42、 在带 to 的不定式前。We havent decided whether to walk there or not. 我们还没有决定是否步行去那儿。They dont know whether to take part in the meeting or not. 他们不知道是否要参加这个会议。2)在介词后面。Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film. 我正在考虑是否该去看电影。Im not worried about whether he will pass the exam or not. 他能否通过考试，我并不担心。3)
43、直接与 or not 连用时。I cant say whether or not they can come on time. 我说不准 他们能否按时赶到。Im not sure whether or not his answer is correct. 我不确定他的答案是否正确。4) 在动词 discuss 后面的宾语从句中。We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week. 我们讨论下周是否举行运动会。5) 宾语从句提前时只能用 whether。Whether the news is true or not, I d
44、ont care. 这则消息真实与否，我并不关心。6) 在句首引导主语从句或表语从句时。Whether hell come to see us is not important. 他是否来见我们并不重要。The problem is whether he can get them to the top of the hill. 问题是他能否把他们带到山顶。（2）在下面三种情况下用 if 不用 whether:1）引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”时。The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny tomorrow. 如果明天天气晴朗，学生们将去野餐。
45、2）引导否定概念的宾语从句时一般用 if。He asked if I didnt come to school yesterday. 他问我是否昨天没来上课。3）引导状语从句 even if （即使）和 as if （好像）中的 if，不能用 whether 来替代。Ill send for you even if you dont come. 即使你不来我也会让人去请你。He talks as if he has known all about it. 他说话的口气好像他已经全部都知道了。活学活用 whether 和 if 填空。1. _ you stay here or not, it d
46、oesnt matter.2. _ it rains tomorrow, they wont go to the park.3. He asked me _ to go to the cinema this evening.4. I want to know _ you went to bed late yesterday.答案：1. Whether 2. If 3. whether 4. if/ whether【课时评价】一、语法填空。The vase that belongs _1_ my family is _2_, and few people can see it nowadays.
47、 When it was made still 3 a mystery to us all. I only know that it is related to the Ming _4_, which has s 5 from the earliest times. Some days ago, a man who said he worked for the _6_office of _7_relics came to my house. He wanted to have a look at the vase, but my grandfather _8_that it was from
48、our ancestors and that it was not possible for us to _9_it from a _10_ in the small town. Maybe it is the same as the one stolen from there. Finally the man believed my grandfather and left. Key: 1. to 2. rare 3. remains 4. Dynasty 5. survived 6. state 7. cultural 8. insisted 9. steal 10. palace二、阅读
49、理解AThe worlds largest cultural relics salvation(救助)efforts are under way at the Yangtze Rivers Three Gorges, where the worlds largest power project is being built.In order to save the most important cultural relics before water storage of the power project in 2003, hundreds of archaeologists from 64 research institutes and universities across China ga
