1、,UNIT,11,Learning Objectives Enquiring about packing Introducing packing Making packing requirements Negotiating terms of shipment Writing a shipping advice,包装与运输,Packing and Shipping, Speaking Task, Warm-up Practice, Listening Task, Follow-up Practice,CONTENTS, Writing Task, Reading Task,Warming-up
2、 Practice,We need to discuss some questions about what we are going to learn in this unit.,Sure, thatll help us understand better about what we are asked to do.,1) Why should commodities be packed? 2) How are cargoes classified? 3) What are the main types of packing? 4) What should be considered in
3、packing the goods? 5) What are the main modes of shipment? 6) What are the advantages and disadvantages of each mode? 7) Why is the time of delivery so important? 8) How do we state the time of shipment? 9) What should be considered in deciding the time of shipment? 10) When the payment is made by L
4、/C, the time of shipment is usually made in connection with the receipt of L/C. Why?,1. Questions for discussion,Introductory Remark,Packing is one of the important ways to realize the value of commodities. It protects and prettifies commodities and forms an important process in the storage, transpo
5、rtation, and sales of commodities. In international trade, packing is also decisive in identifying commodities. Hence, packing is one of the key terms in business communication and negotiation.Shipment is a very important part of international trade because goods by the seller have to be delivered t
6、o the buyer abroad, and the delivery of the goods is to be made possible by transport service, by road, rail, sea and air. Usually there are three parties involved in most movements of goods: the consignor, the carrier and the consigneeShipment covers rather a wide range of work, such as buyers send
7、ing shipping instructions, sellers sending shipping advice, booking shipping space, chartering ships, appointing shipping agent, arranging shipment, nomination of vessels, etc.,Cargoes Cargoes fall into three groups:,Bulk cargoes or cargoes in bulk : like wheat, mineral ore, coal, etc.Nude cargoes:
8、like plants, vehicles, bronze or steel plates or blocks.Packed cargoes: all the other cargoes1. transportation packing /outer packing/ big packing2. selling packing / small packing / inner packing /immediate packing /marketing packing,Packing,Factors Influencing the Nature of Packing,1. Value of the
9、 goods 2. Nature of the transit 3. Nature of the cargo 4. Compliance with customs or statutory requirements 5. Resale value of packing material 6. General fragility of cargo 7. Variation in temperature during the course of transit 8. Ease of handling and stowage 9. Insurance acceptance conditions 10
10、. Cost of packing,Guidelines for Packing your Products Pack the shipment in a strong container. Fill the containers to capacity. Distribute weight evenly within the container. Use moisture resistant packing material, such as waterproof inner linerswith moisture absorbing agents. Use the special cont
11、ainers provided by carriers and private leasing companies. Use shrink wrapping to help keep moisture out and prevent theft. Dont mark packages with the brand name of goods to prevent theft. Minimise volume and weight. Use cement coated nails. Use straps on packages for extra strength. Avoid over-pac
12、king. Use simple shipping marks if possible. Marketing packing should be beautiful and scientific. Avoid previously-used, old cartons. Use permanent markers to label package. Remove old labels and obliterate old marking on package.,Can you add more?,Time of Shipment/DeliveryWays to state the time of
13、 shipment in the contract1. A definite time is given for shipment Shipment at or before the end of March . Shipment on or before May, 15th. Shipment not later than October 31st. Shipment during January. Shipment within sixty days. Shipment during Jan./Feb.,2、When the payment is made by L/C, the time
14、 of shipment is usually made in connection with the time of receipt of L/C. The Buyer must open the relative L/C to reach the Sellers before 15 Oct. Shipment within 45 days after receipt of the relative L/C. 3 、Recent shipment Immediate shipment Prompt shipment Shipment as soon as possible,Considera
15、tions for deciding the time of shipment,1. The supply of the goods2. Transportation3. The market conditions of the goods4. The conditions of the goods,Listening Task,In this part you are going to listen two passages. Now listen and try to finish the exercises while listening. Are you ready?, 11.1.1
16、Listen to the following passage and answer the following questions.,1）Why is packing considered to be particularly important in international trade?Because goods have to travel long distances before reaching their destination across oceans or continents. Accidents, rough weather, unloading and reloa
17、ding on the way, everything has to be taken into consideration. 2) What are the rights for both the importer and exporter in the sales contract regarding packing?The importer has the right to expect that his goods will reach him in perfect condition and the exporter has to get them into a nice, comp
18、act shape that will stay that way during the roughest journey. 3) Why do large export firms establish a special department for export packing?Nothing is more infuriating to an importer than to find his goods damaged or part missing on arrival; and nothing is more likely to an exporter than to lose a
19、 customer. 4) What are being done to ensure the safe transport of goods?New packing materials are being developed which are light and strong, and new methods being found to ensure the safe transport of goods. 5) What is the general plan in all packing?The general plan in all packing is not only to m
20、ake the goods secure for the journey, but also pack the goods as lightly and compactly as possible in order to minimize the freight charges., 11.1.2 Listen to the following passage and fill in the missing parts.,The cargo carried by a ship is listed in the manifest, which is a list of the bills of l
21、ading covering all the consignments on that vessel for that voyage. It is just one of the documents that are involved in the shipping of goods; the insurance policy and commercial invoice are among the others. The Customs and Excise authorities will examine all these.Clearing and forwarding agents a
22、re often used to handle the transportation of goods. They will arrange for the loading and unloading of the goods and arrange all the dock services that are needed. The shipping marks, which are stenciled on the cases, provide an easy way of identifying the items in a consignment when they are unloa
23、ded. The marks are described in the manifest, which is again inspected when the goods are cleared through Customs on reaching their destination.,Speaking Task,In this part you are going to read two dialogues in pairs and then you will be asked to answer some questions about what you have read.,Pleas
24、e read louder!,1 ) What is the way of inner packing for blouses？As to the packing of blouses, a polythene wrapper is used for each article, all ready for window display. 2) What about the outer packing for the blouses?The blouses are packed 10 dozen to one carton, gross weight around 25 kilos a cart
25、on. 3) Why are cartons used for packing blouses？The cartons are comparatively light and therefore easy to handle. Blouses are not fragile goods. They can stand a lot of jolting. 4) Why is Mr White worried about cartons for packing his goods?He is afraid that cartons are not strong enough for such a
26、heavy load. Besides, the goods are to be transshipped at London. If the boxes are moved about on an open wharf, the dampness or rain may get into them. This would make the blouses spotted or ruined. 5) What was Mr Huangs explanation then?The cartons lined with plastic sheets were waterproof, and as
27、the boxes were made of cardboard, they would be handled with care. 6) Did Mr White accept Mr Huangs way of packing the blouses in the end?He couldnt decide himself. So he would phone his boss for instructions on the matter.,11.2.1 Read the dialogue and then answer the following questions.,11.2.2 Rea
28、d the dialogue and then answer the following questions,1) How was the time of delivery stated in Mr Wans quotation? The time of delivery will be in November. 2) What time did Mr Tyler want his goods shipped? He wanted shipment effected before late September. 3) Why couldnt Mr Wan advance the shipmen
29、t as Mr Tyler required? Because it took much time to prepare the goods, send the goods by train to the loading port, and book the space of a steamer. Besides, liner space for Europe up to the end of next month had been booked up. 4) What terms of shipment did they agree upon after negotiation? Shipm
30、ent will be made by first available steamer in October with port of delivery being any European Main Port and transshipment not allowed. 5) If Mr Tyler wants the goods shipped in time, what should he do? He should open the L/C in time and have it reach the seller 60 days before shipment. 6) Why did
31、Tyler ask Mr Wan to send him the shipping advice as soon as the goods were on board?(Open),Reading Task,PRE-READING QUESTIONS FOR PAIR WORK,1. What are the commonly used modes you know in international cargo transportation? 2. In the transportation of goods, what factors do you have to consider?,Que
32、stions,1. What are the major means of transportation mentioned in the passage? The major means of transportation mentioned in the passage are railroad, airplanes, ships, trucks, and pipelines. 2. What transportation mode would be profitable to ship fancy fruits to the Pacific Northwest to Scandinavi
33、a? Jet-cargo aircraft.3. What products can be transported by railroad? Why?Bulk products that are low in value in relation to their weight and that must travel great distances. Because trains can go only where there are tracks, railroads can directly serve only points on railroad lines.4. What has i
34、ncreased greatly over the past two decades? Why?The use of air freight. Because air freight now uses high-speed, supercargo planes to move bulk goods. Containerization permits more efficient use of aspect in planes, and the speed of air transport allows great efficiency. 5. Why have waterways long s
35、erved for transportation?Because cargo ships and barges move bulky goods at low cost and low speed. The loading of truck trailers directly onto ships and barges brings some flexibility to water transportation. Barges moved by tugboats have long been used to move railroad cars. 6. Why are offshore po
36、rts being constructed for unloading?With the development of container ships, large quantities of goods can be stored in their holds and also in standardized and easy-to-handle containers on the decks. New super-ships are too big for many harbors, so offshore ports are being constructed for unloading
37、. 7. What goods can be moved in pipeline? How can coal be moved in pipeline?Such goods as gasoline, crude oil, natural gas and even solids like coal can be moved in pipelines. The coal is ground into a powder that is mixed with water to form slush and moved through pipelines.,In this part you are go
38、ing to learn how to write a shipping advice.,Writing Task,Shipping Advice,The shipping advice is a notice to the importer on summary of the shipment. If a transaction is concluded on a CIF or CFR basis, the exporter should, before or after effecting shipment, notify their dispatch to the importer. I
39、n case of CFR transaction, a shipping advice is also necessary for the importer to cover insurance of their goods based on the shipping advice. Moreover, the importer may know when to receive the goods and arrange with a customs broker for the cargo clearance.Sometimes, Xeroxed copies of the relevan
40、t copies of shipping documents are also sent together with the advice to ensure that in case the original is belated, theimporter can take delivery with them.,What does a shipping advice usually include?,A shipping advice usually includes the following information: 1) The name of the ship used to di
41、spatch the goods; 2) The name of the goods, the quantity and value； 3) The date and number of Bill of Lading; 4) The date and number of the Contract; 5) The name of the shipping port/loading port; 6) The estimated time of departure (ETD); 7) The estimated time of arrival; 8) The packing conditions;
42、9) Whether the draft drawn under the relevant L/C has been negotiated 10)Together with relevant shipping documents (Xeroxed copies); 11) Other information as delay of shipment, transshipment or change of L/C; 12) Thanks for patronage.,Sample Shipping Advice,Date: Our Ref. No.: Dear Sir or Madam, We
43、are pleased to advise that your Order No. _covering _ dated _under L/C No _has been shipped via _, which is estimated to depart from _on _and estimated to arrive at _on _. Enclosed please find following copies of shipping documents:_Commercial Invoice _Packing List _Bill of Lading, Non-Negotiable Co
44、py _Insurance Policy/Certificate _Inspection Certificate (Report) _GSP Form A _Certificate of Origin _Customs Invoice _Beneficiarys Certificate Thank you for your patronage. We look forward to the pleasure of receiving your valuable repeat orders. Yours faithfully,Sample Shipping Advice,Dear Sirs,RE
45、: L/C No. M05125, S/C No. MED 05188We are pleased to inform you that we have shipped the covering goods according to your instruction by M.S. “Dongfeng”, which sailed from Shanghai yesterday and is due to arrive at Hamburg on 8th June. The details are given below: Name of Commodity: PROCAINE HCL BP9
46、3/USP23 Quantity: 400 DRUMS 10000.00 KGS GW 10800.00KGS NET WT 10000.00 KGSTotal Amount: USD65500.00Enclosed please find copies of the following relevant shipping documents:Commercial Invoice No. ARD8199 in duplicatePacking list No.24566 in duplicateNon-negotiable Bill of Lading No.AD458 in duplicat
47、eInsurance Policy No. SHO2/PYCK20048998Inspection Certificate NO. CH200566289As desired, we have drawn a draft at sight for USD65500.00 to cover the shipment and negotiated it through Bank of China Hangzhou sub-branch under your L/C No. M05125. We trust the above shipment will reach you in perfect c
48、ondition and expect to receive your further orders before long. We appreciate the business you have been able to secure for us and assure you that all your future correspondence, enquiries and orders will continue to receive our careful attention.Yours faithfully,Writing Practice,You have just compl
49、eted the arrangements for shipping the goods to a British company, Kimpton Brothers Limited. Now write a letter to notify their dispatch based on the following details.Buyer: Kimpton Brothers Limited10-14 Hewett Street London EC2A 3HA UK L/C No. KB04280 S/C No. HZF200482 Commodity: Dehydrated White Onion Slices 1st Grade Quantity: 20M/T Total amount: US$ 40000.00 Carrying vessel: M.S. DONGFENG ETD: August 8 Names of the shipping port and loading port: from Shanghai to Antwerp,
