1、2018 年 12 月 9 日每周一测I. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOn a February afternoon in a Brooklyn classroom, 16-year-old Taylor came face to face with a cow but it was all in her head. A virtual(虚拟的) reality headset had transported her and eight classmates to a New York farm 250 miles away and f
2、or students, the technology means field trips are no longer limited by the length of a bus ride. I was not expecting it to be right in my face! Taylor said after peeling off the purple headset and finding herself back in her classroom.On any given day, students nationwide are deep-sea diving, observ
3、ing medical operations, even swimming through the human circulatory system using gadgets(小装置) that are becoming increasingly accessible in both cost and content. At least its another way to engage the iPhone generation of students and at best, it can enhance their understanding and improve their gra
4、des.It instantly grabs the students, said Colin Jones, who teaches science in the Plainview-Old Bethpage Central School District. He has used a system called zSpace to dissect(解剖) cells and has walked goggled students through the boreal forest with a Google app called Expeditions. Its something that
5、 can be done in a period or two, he said, it could take even a week sometimes when youre doing in a lab.In Brooklyn, Taylor and classmates virtually walked through barns and fields in Watkins Glen, stretching arms toward videotaped pigs and cows. Its different from watching video because you can hav
6、e more than one perspective; you can actually move, Taylor said.Students can not only move, but also feel. In the lab, the physical effects of virtual reality become clear as subjects standing on solid ground teeter(摇晃) on storeys-high virtual scaffolding or experience motion sickness without moving
7、.Some of the research were doing has actually shown that what you experience in virtual reality has very similar, if not the same, physiological responses that you would get if you were doing the actual activity, like your heart rate, cognition, breathing and even everything, said Richard Lamb, who
8、studies how the brain processes information at the University at Buffalo Neurocognition Science Lab. The effect on learning is to improve interest, understanding and recall.Its unknown how many classrooms have or will adopt the technology, but experts say its still relatively rare largely due to the
9、 fact that, while individual headsets that require a users phone can cost as little as $20 or $30, systems and software for classes run into thousands of dollars. Early complaints about a lack of good software are fading as more companies enter the market, but the rules for use havent necessarily ca
10、ught up to the technology. In New York, for example, simulated lab experiments dont count toward the states hands-on lab time requirements. Even so, the science is the area where virtual reality, especially enhanced to let users manipulate their surroundings, holds particular promise for classrooms.
11、The biggest barrier, I think, is going to be the quality of that experience, how closely it mimics the physical world, said David Evans, executive director of the National Science Teachers Association. However, the ability to do dangerous things and to run many, many more common cases in a simulatio
12、n(模拟) space as opposed to the real physical space represents a huge learning opportunity.Lamb, who taught chemistry, agreed. Too often in schools, when we do things with labs, its. you mix this together, mix that together and get this outcome. And if you dont get that outcome, you did something wron
13、g, but we dont have enough resources for you to redo it, he said. In virtual reality, all I do is hitting reset on the computer. I dont have to actually use chemicals.Both Lamb and Evans stressed using the technology to have similar experience to their real world, where any number of subtle factors
14、can affect an outcome. We have to remain anchored in the actual world, Evans cautioned, because thats the one that we really need to explain.1. Whats Colin Jones attitude towards the application of virtual reality to teaching?A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Disapproving.2. What does Richa
15、rd Lamb really want to say in Paragraph 6?A. Students can hardly experience everything in real life.B. Its beneficial for students to experience virtual reality.C. Much exposure to virtual reality makes students focused.D. Actual experiences are more important than virtual reality.3. Virtual reality
16、 is rarely used in classrooms mainly because _.A. students show little interest in itB. rules for it havent been made so farC. users will spend much money applying itD. it isnt good enough to be operated by students4. What does David Evans think of virtual reality?A. It imitates the real world perfe
17、ctly.B. It features many unpractical life skills.C. It shouldnt refer to dangerous things.D. It offers guidance for users on real life.5. What benefit does Lamb stress about virtual reality?A. Saving lots of time. B. Reducing resource waste.C. Minimizing experimental errors. D. Improving experimenta
18、l success rate.6. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. Virtual reality shouldnt be divorced from reality.B. Therere still many unsolved mysteries in real life.C. People gain much inspiration from the actual world.D. Everyone should have a chance to try virtual reality.BPro
19、tecting wildlife has become a tough problem in todays world. As one of the efforts, many countries formulate (公布) relative laws to protect wildlife. The need for such protection was realized centuries ago in India.About 300 BC an Indian writer described forests that were somewhat like national parks
20、 today. The game of killing animals was carefully controlled. Some animals were fully protected. Animals that became dangerous to human visitors were trapped (捕捉) or killed outside the park.The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before. About a thousand sorts of animals are in dan
21、ger of extinction(存在), and the speed at which they are being destroyed has been increasing. With mammals (哺乳动物), for example, the speed of extinction is now about one sort every year. From AD 1 to 1800, the speed was about one sort every fifty years. Everywhere, men are trying to solve the problem o
22、f saving wildlife while caring for the worlds growing population.7. This report says that the need for protecting wildlife_.A. was understood in India centuries agoB. was described by an Indian writer about 3,300 years agoC. is not met in many countries todayD. is not carried out in forests as well
23、as in national parks8. The report says that, in Indian forests of long ages, _.A. hunters were given permits to hunt gameB. all animals were to be killedC. the game of killing animals was controlledD. no killing of animals was allowed9. According to the report, men trying to save wildlife are thinki
24、ng about _ as well.A. the animals in national parksB. stricter laws against huntingC. the trees in the forestsD. the growth of the population10. From the report we can learn that_.A. the growth of the worlds population has meant greater danger to the wildlifeB. about a thousand sorts of mammals are
25、in danger of extinctionC. the mammals extinction speed is lower now than that of AD 1 to 1800D. hunters who kill endangered sorts of animals will not be punished by lawII. 完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It was about the third week in June last year. My 15-year-old son had already settled i
26、nto his summer routine: Go to 1 at 2 a. m. and wake up at 1 p. m. only to get back on his computer to play computer games 2 dinner. It was the middle of the 3 when the sound of his computer games woke me up again. I couldnt 4 that anymore and decided it was time for him to get a summer job. I got on
27、 the computer and found a lifeguard certification class that 5 the next day, and a company that 6 teenagers to guard their pools. From that day I woke him up at 8 a. m. every day for him to 7 the class. At first, he continued to complain that I was 8 his summer. But by the end of the week, he was ac
28、tually 9 going. He learned something about first aid, figured he really could 10 someone from drowning, and got some ideas on how to 11 work for a living. Two weeks later, he had a 12 as a lifeguard. He took his responsibility very 13 and never went to work late. This summer, he will be working full
29、time at a pool. He says a lot of his 14 dont have jobs. And I say that is because their mothers didnt try 15 enough! Even if your kid is super 16 with finals and afterschool activities and doesnt have time, you can 17 job information for him. Whether it is an ice cream store, a movie 18 , or a summe
30、r camp, you can ask if they are hiring 19 for the summer. After your kid gets a job, pay attention to the 20 to make sure he is never late. 1. A. school B. study C. bed D. work2. A. around B. until C. after D. during3. A. night B. noon C. morning D. afternoon4. A. watch B. appreciate C. notice D. st
31、and5. A. lasted B. rested C. started D. developed6. A. hired B. forced C. persuaded D. force7. A. give B. attend C. observe D. help8. A. designed B. ruining C. enjoying D. joining9. A. looking into B. looking out of C. looking down upon D. looking forward to10. A. recognize B. conduct C. save D. buy
32、11. A. roughly B. luckily C. actually D. suddenly12. A. job B. problem C. goal D. reward13. A. slowly B. seriously C. calmly D. quickly14. A. teachers B. colleagues C. students D. friends15. A. hard B. fast C. early D. directly16. A. clear B. excited C. busy D. disappointed17. A. write down B. think
33、 about C. wait for D. search for18. A. theatre B. square C. park D. factory19. A. experts B. foreigners C. teenagers D. villagers20. A. habit B. schedule C. tradition D. determinationIII. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出修改后的词
34、。删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者( 从第 11 处起)不计分。Mr. Smith, our English teacher, works hard. Every day, he spends too much time with his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill.
35、 He has ruined his healthy. We are worried about him. That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Smith. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the pict
36、ure we had taken together. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.IV. 语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Silence means no sound. But in fact, there is no 1 thing as true silence for a living being, because silence _2_(it) is an exposure of the mind and the heart.Some people
37、use silence as a disguise (伪装) of the 3 (empty) of the head. Some use it as 4 means to describe their puzzlement and sadness. And some use it as a way of 5 (express) their anger.What do silent people say? They say that silence is gold, but 6 is the nature of this gold?It can include 7 (honest) and k
38、indness; it can stand for separation from fame and fortune; and it can also act as an excuse 8 untruthfulness and cunning.Is it true that permanent silence 9 (represent) by death?Perhaps even death cannot represent true silence, for the carrier of the soul can turn into dust, so that the sincere and
39、 wise voices that are from the bottom of the heart will cause 10 (longlast) echoes in the seas of human hearts.I. 阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在课堂中的运用。2. B 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第六段的内容，尤其是 The effect on learning is to improve interest, understanding and recall可知，Richard Lamb 认为学生体验虚拟现实(技术)有益于提高他们的兴趣、理解力和记忆
40、力，即他认为让学生体验虚拟现实(技术) 对他们是有益的。故选 B。4. D 【 解析】考查推理判断。根据第八段中的However, the ability to do dangerous things and to run many, many more common cases in a simulation(模拟) space as opposed to the real physical space represents a huge learning opportunity可知，在与真实的物理空间相反的模拟空间中学习做危险的事情和掌控许许多多其他更常见的情况的能力提供了一个很好的学习机
41、会，由此可推断出，David Evans 认为虚拟现实(技术)为用户提供了关于现实生活的指导。故选 D。5. B 【解析 】考查细节理解。 根据倒数第二段中 Lamb 所说的话，尤其是And if you dont get that outcome, you did something wrong, but we dont have enough resources for you to redo itall I do is hitting reset on the computer. I dont have to actually use chemicals可知， Lamb 认为跟在实验室做
42、实验相比，虚拟现实(技术)更能节省资源，即减少资源浪费。故选 B。6. A 【解析】考查句意理解。根据画线句上文的Both Lamb and Evans stressed using the technology to have similar experience to their real world, where any number of subtle factors can affect an outcome可知，Lamb 和 Evans 都强调了要利用虚拟现实(技术)来达到与现实生活一样的体验；再结合画线句下文的because thats the one that we reall
43、y need to explain(因为现实世界才是我们真正需要解释的) 可知，画线句旨在阐明虚拟现实(技术)应基于现实生活，不应脱离现实生活。故选 A。B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。保护野生动物是一个艰难的问题，人们一边关注世界人口的增长一边尝试着解决保护野生动物的问题。7. A 【解析】 细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知，在几个世纪以前印度就已经意识到了需要保护野生动物。8. C 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知，古印度对于森林狩猎行为有严格控制。9. D 【解析】细节理解题。由文章最后一句可知，人们一边关注世界人口的增长，一边尝试着解决保护野生动物的问题。10. A 【解析】 推理判断
44、题。由第三段可推知，人口增长同动物保护之间存在密切的关系，人口增长得越快，对动物的威胁就越大。II. 完形填空【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。孩子的暑假怎么过呢？让他们自己尽情玩电脑游戏？作者从自己的实践出发，认为家长应该给孩子一定的指导和帮助，让他们过一个愉快而有意义的假期。3. A 【解析】考查名词在语境中的运用。根据上文Go to _1_ at 2 a. m. 可知，此处指我在半夜(the middle of the night)被他电脑的游戏声音弄醒了。4. D 【 解析】 考查动词辨析。我再也不能忍受(stand)了，觉得该给他找份暑期工作。stand 忍受，符合语境。5. C 【 解析】
45、考查动词辨析。由第三段第一句From that day I woke him up at.可知，此处指救生员认证课程班第二天开课。last 持续；rest 休息； start 开始；develop 发展。6. A 【 解 析 】 考 查 动 词 辨 析 。 一 家 公 司 雇 用 (hire)年 轻 人 来 照 看 游 泳 池 。 hire 雇 用 ； force强 迫 ； persuade 说 服 。7. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。由第三段第四句中的He learned something about first aid.可知，每天早上八点我叫醒儿子去参加(attend) 这个班的学习。gi
46、ve 给；attend 参加；observe 观察； help 帮助。8. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。起初他老抱怨我破坏(ruin)了他的暑假。根据上文可知，ruin 符合语境， design 设计；ruin 破坏；enjoy 享受；join 参加。9. D 【 解析】 考查动词短语辨析。根据上文At first, he. complain. But.可知，刚开始他总是抱怨，后来他真的盼望着(look forward to)去上课了。look into 深入调查；look out of 朝外看；look down upon 轻视；look forward to 期盼。根据语意和上文But可知，
47、D 项正确。10. C 【 解析】考查动词辨析。他真的能挽救(save)溺水者。recognize 认出；conduct 引导，管理；save 挽救；buy 买。11. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。根据上文actually可知，他也学到了一些关于如何真正地(actually)为了生存而工作的知识。roughly 粗糙地；luckily 幸运地；actually 事实上；suddenly 突然。12. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。他得到了一份作为救生员的工作(job)。job 工作；problem 问题；goal 目标；reward 报酬。此处与下文never went to work late相照
48、应。13. B 【解析】考查副词辨析。根据下文never went to work late可知，他工作认真，从不迟到。slowly 缓慢地；seriously 认真地；calmly 平静地；quickly 迅速地。take sth. seriously 为固定搭配，意为认真对待某事。14. D 【解析】考查名词在语境中的运用。根据下文because their mothers didnt try.可知，儿子的许多朋友都没有工作。A 项老师；B 项同事；C 项学生均不符合语境。18. A 【 解析】考查名词在语境中的运用。根据语境可知，此处指冰激凌店、电影院(movie theatre)或夏令
49、营。19. C 【解析】考查名词在语境中的运用。此处指可以问问他们是不是雇用青少年(teenagers)。此处与下文中的your kid相照应。20. B 【解析】 考查名词辨析。此处指留意时间表确保他永远不迟到。habit 习惯；schedule时间表；tradition 传统；determination 决心。根据to make sure he is never late可知，B 项正确。III. 短文改错Mr. Smith, our English teacher, works hard. Every day, he spends too much time his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, he works from morning till night. Hard work made him very
