1、Unit,1,Gender and Society,Book 3,Think and Discuss,Viewing the World,Exploring the Theme,Analytical Listening,Sharing Your Ideas,Engaging,Further Listening,Content,Unit 1 Gender and Society,Think and Discuss,What are these people doing? What surprises you about this picture?Would you enjoy watching
2、this sports event? Why or why not?,A Sunday sports event in El Alto, Bolivia,Questions,Example Answers A man (maybe disguised by a woman) and a woman are in a wrestling ring in Bolivia. They are wearing costumes, and they appear to be fighting.,What are these people doing?,Questions,What surprises y
3、ou about this picture?,Example AnswersIm surprised to see a woman in this situation.,Questions,3. Would you enjoy watching this sports event? Why or why not?,Example Answer 1 I think I would enjoy watching this sports event because I like boxing and wrestling and martial arts.,Questions,Example Answ
4、er 2 I dont think I would enjoy watching this sports event because I dont like to see fights.,Questions,3. Would you enjoy watching this sports event? Why or why not?,Exploring the Theme,Unit 1 Gender and Society,Look at the photos and read the captions. Then discuss the questions.Do you think any o
5、f the activities shown should be for men or women only? Why or why not?Who do you think should do the activities shown in China, men or women? Why ?3. Do you think gender (being male or female) is something weare born with or learn? Why?,Gender and Society,A woman works at a steel factory in Pennsyl
6、vania, U.S.A.,Gender and Society,A man drives a car on a wall made of wooden planks at a show in Kabul, Afghanistan.,Gender and Society,Fishermen from Kamchatka, Russia pull in their net.,Gender and Society,A woman climbs up rock and ice in British Columbia, Canada.,Gender and Society,A woman at a p
7、ublic school in Damascus, Syria teaches a class of young children.,Gender and Society,A Huli wigman from Papua New Guinea paints his face for a dance festival. In the Huli culture, men are objects of beauty.,Gender and Society,Do you think any of the activities shown should be for men or women only?
8、 Why or why not?,Example Answer 1 I think both men and women could do any of the activities in the pictures.,Gender and Society,Do you think any of the activities shown should be for men or women only? Why or why not?,Example Answer 2I think some of the activities are better for men because they req
9、uire physical strength; for example, fishing and icy rock climbing.,Gender and Society,Do you think any of the activities shown should be for men or women only? Why or why not?,Example Answer 3I think some of the activities are better for women because they require patience and beauty; for example,
10、teaching and wearing makeup.,Gender and Society,2. Who do you think should do the activities shown in China, men or women? Why?,To be continued ,Example AnswersTraditionally, fishermen and factory workers in China were men, and women usually taught young children in schools. In the 20th century, how
11、ever, people began doing jobs outside of their traditional gender rolesespecially women, who began to work more outside of the home. Now its generally true that anyone who is qualified for a job can do the job.,Gender and Society,Example Answers (Continued)On the other hand, men in China dont usuall
12、y wear makeup, like the man in Papua New Guinea, and Im not sure anyone should drive a car on a wall or climb up icy rocks. Those activities just look dangerous to me.,2. Who do you think should do the activities shown in China, men or women? Why?,Gender and Society,Do you think gender (being male o
13、r female) is something we are born with or learn? Why?,Example AnswersWe are born with a certain sexmale or femalebut that is based on physical characteristics. I think we learn our genderhow a boy or a girl should behave in a societywhile were growing up. Girls learn things that will help them as w
14、omen, and boys learn things that will help them as men. You could say that ones sex is physical and ones gender is mental.,To be continued ,Gender and Society,Example Answers (Continued)One argument against this point of view has to do with an unusual psychological condition. Occasionally, people ar
15、e born with a certain sex, but they feel like they are the opposite gender. A person might be born female, for example, but might feel like shes actually a boy or a man. Or someone who was born male might feel like hes really a girl or a woman. Based on this, we could say that were born with our gen
16、der as much as our biological sex.,Do you think gender (being male or female) is something we are born with or learn? Why?,Gender and Society,Unit 1 Gender and Society,Analytical Listening,Listening 1,peer n. 同龄人 compliment n. 赞美；恭维（话）v. 赞美；恭维 feminine a. 女性的；具有女性气质的 masculine a. 男性的，男子气概的 Tutankham
17、en 图坦卡蒙（古埃及法老） pharaoh n. 法老（古埃及统治者的称号） Thutmose 图特摩斯三世（被视为古埃及最伟大的法老） headdress n.头饰 reverse n. 正相反,Listening 1,Hatshepsut: an ancient Egyptian pharaoh. She is believed by some to have been the first female pharaoh, and the earliest ruling queen in history. She ruled as the fifth pharaoh of the 18th
18、 Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. 哈特谢普苏特（古埃及女法老）,Listening 1,A | Cross out the unimportant words in the sentences using theadvice from the box above.1. In some cultures men and women are expected to follow very strict rules about gender roles.2. Children learn about gender roles when they watch the behavio
19、r of the people around them.,Listening 1,Example Answers,Listening 1,B | Think of the symbols or abbreviations to replace these words and phrases.1. year _2. without _3. less than _4. more than _,yr.,w / o,Prior Knowledge. Discuss the questions with a partner.,Before Listening,1. Look at the picture
20、. Who do you think this person is?2. Do you think its common or uncommon for a country to have a female president (prime minister, king,etc.)? Which countries can you think of whose leaders are women?,Listening 1,Example Answers The person looks like someone from ancient Egypt. He or she was probabl
21、y an important person.,Listening 1,1. Look at the picture. Who do you think this person is?,Example Answers Its still fairly uncommon for a country to have a female leader. Countries with female leaders (in 2013) include South Korea, Brazil, Germany, Iceland and Thailand.,Listening 1,2. Do you think
22、 its common or uncommon for a country to have a female president (prime minister, king, etc.)? Which countries can you think of whose leaders are women?,A Lecture A | Listening for Main Ideas. Listen to the first part of a lecture and complete the notes below. Use symbols and abbreviations if possib
23、le.,Listening 1,The topic of the lecture is _.Children learn the their gender roles from their parents,_, _, _.,gender socialization of children,peers,schools,culture,Listening,A | Listening for Main Ideas.,Listening 1,1. Parents compliment girls on _, and theycompliment boys on _.2. Peers make fun
24、of children who _.3. Schools have _.4. Culture also teaches us _.,appearance,behavior,arent following “rules”,separate classes (boys/girls),about gender roles,B | Self-Reflection. Listen again and decide whether your notes in exercise A are brief, yet informative enough to help you remember the lect
25、ure.,Listening 1,C | Listening for Details. Listen to the next part of the lecture and complete the notes.,Listening 1,We ask: baby boy or girl? b / c later role in world depends on_But:1. Gender roles today _2. Some people dont _ In ancient Egypt, Hatshepsut became _ (ca.150 yrs. Bef. Tut) While H
26、ruled ( _ yrs.) constructed / repaired _+ _ (wanted to be remembered) Early art: H w / _ characteristics. Later art: _ ( reason? maybe easier to keep power),gender,are changing,follow usual gender patterns,female king,15,buildings,monuments,female,male characteristics,After Listening,Critical Thinki
27、ng. From a group with another pair of students. Discuss the questions.,Listening 1,1. Which of the four ways children learn gender roles do you think is the most powerful? Why? 2. What do you remember about learning gender roles when you were a child? 3. Besides the reason given in the lecture, what
28、 are some other possible reasons why Hatshepsuts appearance in artwork changed over time? 4. What are the traditional Chinese gender-role patterns (e.g. boys vs. girls, husbands vs. wives)? Have the patterns changed over time? If yes, how?,1. Which of the four ways children learn gender roles do you
29、 think is the most powerful? Why?,Example Answers Our parents are our earliest teachers of gender roles. We learn female characteristics from our mothers and male characteristics from our fathers. Schools and teachers have a powerful influence on children during the years when gender roles develop.,
30、Listening 1,To be continued ,Example Answers (Continued) Peers are another powerful way we learn our gender roles. We imitate the behavior of our same-sex peers, and try to behave differently than our opposite-sex peers. Our culture is a powerful teacher of gender roles. The “rules” we learn about t
31、he proper ways for men and women to behave are a part of our culture.,Listening 1,1. Which of the four ways children learn gender roles do you think is the most powerful? Why?,2. What do you remember about learning gender roles when you were a child?,Example Answer 1As a girl, I always liked to play
32、 with my mothers things, especially her jewelry and makeup. At school, I remember talking with other girls about our clothes, our hair, and other aspects of our appearance.,Listening 1,2. What do you remember about learning gender roles when you were a child?,Example Answer 2 As a boy, I remember pl
33、aying with my friends. We all wanted to be the strongest or the fastest in our group, and we all preferred to give the commands during sports and games.,Listening 1,3. Besides the reason given in the lecture, what are some other possible reasons why Hatshepsuts appearance in artwork changed over tim
34、e?,Example AnswersIts possible that Hatshepsut wanted to appear as a strong leader. She ordered the artists to show her as a man because pharaohs in Egypt had always been men. Its also possible that Hatshepsut identified more with the male gender or felt that she should have been born a male.,Listen
35、ing 1,4. What are the traditional Chinese gender-role patterns (e.g. boys vs. girls, husbands vs. wives)? Have the patterns changed over time? If yes, how?,Example AnswersTraditionally, gender roles in China were affected by Confucianism, with men being the strong leaders of the family, and women ha
36、ving less power. This pattern has changed over time, and now some women have high positions in business, science, and other fields. On the other hand, it may still be difficult for women to rise to these positions due to a lack of opportunities in school or at work.,Listening 1,A | & B | OK, so toda
37、y were going to continue on the topic of how children are socialized. Well be looking at gender socializationin other words, how, how children learn their gender roles. Gender is something that we learn first from our parents, then from our peers, from school, and from the culture we live in. OK, le
38、ts start with our parents. Generally, our gender roles are pretty clear to us by the time were around three years old. So how do we, how do we learn these roles so quickly? Well, one way is simply by what our parents say to us. Parents give female children a lot of compliments on how they lookon the
39、ir appearance, right? We say things like, “What a pretty girl!” or,To be continued ,Listening 1,“Thats a nice dress youre wearing.” Girls might get compliments on other things, too, but they, they soon learn that being feminine has something to do with being attractive or pretty, right? Boys, in con
40、trast, are complimented on what they do. We say things like, “Look how fast little Timmy can run! Good for you, Timmy!” So over time, boys learn that being, being masculine has something to do with their behaviour and with being active.Our peers, when were childrengirls and boys around the same age
41、as we arealso teach us about gender roles, and sometimes theyre not very nice about this either. They make fun of children who arent following the rules. Can you remember kids from your childhood who didnt follow the gender rules? Schools continue, schools,To be continued ,Listening 1,continue the p
42、rocess of gender socialization. Some schools have separate classes for girls and boys, and, um, of course school uniforms are different pants for boys, and skirts or dresses for girls. Finally, the culture we live in has a lot to teach us about gender roles.,Listening 1,C | As you know, one of the f
43、irst questions when a baby is born is, “Is it a boy or a girl?” We think its important to know this because when children grow up, their role in the world depends on their genderat least to some degree. But nowadays, gender roles are changing, and besides, there have always been a few people who are
44、 not average, who do not follow the usual gender pattern. One person from history who did not follow her usual gender role was Hatshepsut. Around 150 years before Tutankhamen ruled ancient Egypt as pharaoh, or king, Hatshepsut ruled for 21 years as the female king of Egypt. Thats rightfemale king, b
45、ecause there was no such thing as a queen as leader. A few women had filled the role,To be continued ,Listening 1,of leader when their sons were too young to rule, but Hatshepsut stayed in power even after her stepson, Tutmose III, was old enough to rule. And she accomplished a lot while she was kin
46、g! Up and down the Nile River we can still see the monuments and buildings that were constructed or repaired while Hatshepsut was king. It seems that she did not want to be forgotten. Besides the buildings and monuments, we have a lot of art from the time of Hatshepsut. And whats interesting is that
47、 at first, Hatshepsut is shown with female characteristicsshe was clearly a woman, but with the clothing and symbols of a king. For example, in one statue, she is seated and has the body of a woman but is wearing the headdress of a king. In later years, we see the reverse. All of the later artwork s
48、hows her as a man, with male characteristics. Were not,To be continued ,Listening 1,sure why Hatshepsut had her artists do this, but it may have helped her to keep power. It might have been easier for Egyptians to accept a man as kingor at least someone who looked like a man.,Listening 1,sociology n. 社会学 knowledgeable a. 金枪鱼有知识的; 博学的 attendant n. 服务员 stewardess n. （飞机、轮船上的）女乘务员，女服务员,Listening 2,Listening 2,Discussion. Look at the photos below. Then discuss the questions as a class.,
