1、1. to do 2.-ing 3.done,2015届高考英语非谓语动词语法专项精讲精练课件,1. God helps those who help themselves.,简单句？复合句？,who help themselves,含有从句-复合句,2. She is always ready to help others.,只有一套主谓结构-简单句,使用条件,一个简单句中，已经存在一个主谓结构（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词.,非谓语动词的,Tom returned from the managers office,telling me t
2、hat the boss wanted to see me at once. 2. Everything taken into consideration, they ought to have another chance3. To live is to struggle.,找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）,非谓语,不定式（to do),V-ing,V-ed,as a noun,as adj. or adv.,现在分词,动名词,过去分词,非谓语动词 的分类,下面从二个方面来复习非谓语动词,1.非谓语动词解题四大步骤 2.非谓语动词的七大经典原则,非谓语动词题的做题技巧,一. 非谓语动词解
3、题 四大步骤,谓非谓， 找主语， 定语态 定时态,1. (walk) along the street one day, she saw a little girl (run) up to her. 2.She is reading a book (find) on the way. 3.Most of the artists (invite) to the party were from South Africa.,Walking,running,found,invited,步骤：谓非谓，找主语，定语态，定时态,二.非谓语动词的七大经典原则,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式When a
4、sked why he went there， he said he was sent there to _ (train)for a space flight. 【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以要用不定式，另外，由于“他”与“训练”为被动关系,be trained,2. _ this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.,To make,3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _ （move)， and asked myself w
5、hat I was going to do.,【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当 时持续了一会儿，故用-ing。,原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.,moving,4. He sat _ (listen) to her _ (climb)the stairs.【解析】listen是伴随sat而同时由主语he发出的，所以用-ing作伴随状语；listen to 后跟不带to的不定式/-ing作宾补。,listen to do/doing ,listening,climb,用括号里的词的适当形式填空 1. She wrote to the editor , _that the
6、editor would be able to help her（ hope ） 2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there_ on a big rock( rest ) 3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a long speech. ( prepare ) 4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep ),preparing,to rest,hoping,To keep,ing形式作伴随状语与 to do作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的ing形
7、式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的to do的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生,前面不能用逗号。,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ (let)in the natural light during the day. 【解析 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。如：It rained hea
8、vily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。,letting,6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ (reach) a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.,reaching,8. He hurried to the booking office only _ (tell) that all the tickets had been sold out.,7.He hurried
9、 to the station only _ (find)that the train had left. 【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的结果。,to find,to be told,原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。 但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动 式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式.9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle (hear ) . 【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被 动式，另外，由于“设法被听
10、见”为目的状语，动作当时尚未发生，故用不定式。,to be heard,10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ (open and close) could be heard outside the classroom.,【解析】of 后应接-ing，desks 与open and close 之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因could be heard，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。,of,being opened and closed,11. When she came in, she was surprised t
11、o find a stranger _(seat) at the back of the classroom with his eyes _ (fix) upon her.,a stranger,his eyes,sitting,seat vt.,I seated myself.,=I was seated.,=I sat down,fix ones eyes upon,seated,fixed,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致.,12. _ (face) with a bill for $10,000，John has taken an extra job.,
12、(be) faced with,Faced,13. While _ (watch) television，we heard the doorbell ring.,watching,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式to have done 或ing的完成式 having done）14._(separate)from other continents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in
13、the world.,【解析】因为 Australia 与 separate 是被动关系，且 separate发生在谓语动词 has 之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。,has,Having been separated,for,15. The manager，_ (make) it clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room.,【解析】因为 The manager 与 make 是主动关系，且 make 发生在谓语 left 之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语，having made . 相当于 wh
14、o had made. 的意思。,left,having made,16. Li Ming is said (study) abroad. Do you know what countryYes, In London.,he studied in ? he will study in? he studies in?,is,sb is said to do/to have done/to be doing,to have studied,to study,to be studying,原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式to do ，表示动作尚未发生; 用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过
15、去分词-ed，表示动作被动、完成。 17.There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _ (hold) the day after tomorrow.18. There are hundreds of visitors _ (wait) in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.,to be held,waiting,19. “Things _ （lose) never come again!” I coul
16、dnt help talking to myself. 20. The last one _ (arrive) pays the meal.Agreed!,Things,The last one,lose vt. lose sb/sth,注：受 the first， the second . the last 修饰 的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。,You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二个犯这错误的人。,lost,to arrive,原则一：用作目的状语，,原则二：用作伴随状语，,原则三：用作结果状语，,原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，,原
17、则五：非谓语动词作状语时，,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，,原则七：用于名词后作定语时，,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式.,原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing.,原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/ to do ,原则区别是： -ing 表示一定逻辑的结果，to do 表示非逻辑的结果。,原则四:凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与 主句主语保持一致。,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上 要用完成式（-ing 的完成式或不定式的
18、完成式）,原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。,1：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式(to do),2：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词(v-ing),3：用作结果状语时，可用分词(v-ing)或不定式(to do),4：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词(v-ed)。,5：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句 主语保持一致,6：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式,7：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生; 用-ing，表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表
19、示被动意义,英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则,Thank you!,A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. taken,D,B,Everything,they,1._ everything into consideration,they ought to have another chance.,2.Everything _ into consideration,they ought to have another chance.,（四）分析时态,1. The building _ now will be a restaurant .,2. The build
20、ing _ next year will be a restaurant .,3. The building _ last year is a restaurant.,having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built,_,C,_,B,_,D,二. 找逻辑主语,三、分析语态,四、分析时态,一. 辨别“谓与非谓”,三. 非谓语动词解题步骤,方法总结： 谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态,Practice,Challenge yourself!,1. A railway station is no place for a child _ alo
21、ne at night. A. leave B. leaving C. to be leaving D. to be left,2. We were warned _ the fish which might give us a slight stomach upset. A. not to eat B. not eating C. to eat not D. eating not,3. _ themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. T
22、o have kept,4._ these children _ what you want is a science I can tell you!A. Getting; done B. Get; doneC. To get; to do D. Getting; to do,5. When youre learning to drive，_ a good teacher makes a big difference.A. have B. having C. and have D. and having,6. A few days after the interview， I received
23、 a letter _ me the job.A. offered B. offering C. to be offering D. having offered,7. The plane crashed，_ all 200 people aboard.A. killed B. having killed C. killing D. had killed,8. He was always the first _ and the last _ the office.A. to come， to leave B. coming， leavingC. to come， left D. coming， left 9. Robert is said _ one of my classmates the other day，but I dont know who she is.A. to marry B. to have marriedC. to be marrying D. being married,10.With everything she needed_, she left the shop.A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. to be bought,,Thank you!,
