1、Unit 3 Computers Period 3 Learning about Language 语法专题课 现在完成时的被动语态,【课前热身】 体会下列教材中的句子并说出各句中谓语的共同特点。 Over time I have been changed quite a lot.,First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. Since the 1970s many new applications have been
2、 found for me.,I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. 结论: 以上句中黑体部分的时态为_时, 黑体部 分谓语动词与主语之间为_关系。,现在完成,被动,【课堂诠解】 1. 现在完成时的被动语态的基本用法。 (1)基本构成,按要求完成下列题目。 The children have already been told the good news. 将上面的句子变为否定句。 _ 将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。 _,The
3、 children havent been told the good news yet.,Have the children been told the good news yet?,将上面的句子对the children进行提问。 _,Who has been told the good news yet?,(2)基本用法: a. 表示动作发生在说话之前, 强调对现在 造成的影响和结果; b. 表示动作或状态开始于过去, 持 续到现在或将来, 常与介词for或since引导的时间状语 连用。 Im sorry, but the letters _ _ _ yet. 很抱歉, 这些信件还没有
4、被打印出来。,havent,been,typed,(2015天津高考)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _ _ _ so far by the two sides. 尽管先前进行了几轮会谈, 但双方至今还没有达成 协议。,has,been,reached,【名师指津】与现在完成时连用的时间状语知多少常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有: already(已经), yet(已经), recently/lately(最近), since then(从那以来), so far(到目前为止), in the past/last years(
5、在过去的几年里)等。 Many freeways have been built across China in the past few years. 过去几年已建起了横跨中国的很多条高速公路。,2. 现在完成时的被动语态的注意点。 (1)带有双宾语的动词, 如give, send, make, show, bring, teach, write, take, sell, buy, tell, lend, pass, promise等, 变为被动语态时, 可将其中一个宾语变为 主语, 另一个保留不动。 I have given him a book. (变为被动语态) _ _,A book
6、has been given to him. /He has been given a,book.,【巧学助记】趣记含双宾语的主动句变被动如遇双宾语, 最好变间宾; 如若变直宾, be done后加to。 (2)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾语补足语改为主语补足语, 原来省略to的作宾语补足语的不定式, 被动语态中要加to。,I have asked her to help you. (变为被动语态) _ He has been made work hard. (单句改错) _,She has been asked to help you.,在work前加t
7、o,3. 一般过去时的被动语态与现在完成时的被动语态的区别。 一般过去时的被动语态只强调一个被动的动作发生在过去, 不强调现在; 现在完成时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态尽管发生在过去, 但强调该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。,翻译下列句子。 This novel was finished last year. _ This novel has been finished. _,这部小说是去年完成的。,这部小说已经被完成了。,4. 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体, 在被动结构中要保 持其完整性, 不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。 The flight to Shanghai _ _ _ _ u
8、ntil tomorrow due to the heavy snow. 由于大雪, 飞往上海的航班已被推迟到明天。,has,been,put,off,5. 不及物动词或动词短语没有被动语态。 A war between the two countries has been broken out. (单句改错) ( ),去掉been,【课堂小结】 现在完成时的被动语态 1. 基本结构: have/has+ been+ done 2. 基本用法: 表示动作发生在说话之前, 强调对现在造成的影响和结果。,表示发生在过去, 一直延续到现在并可能持续下去的被动动作或状态, 常与介词for或since引导的时间状语从句连用。,
