1、1高中连词和感叹词简单连词关联连词连词的构成 分词连词短语连词表示并列关系表示转折关系 知识清单 对等连词（并列连词） 表示选择关系表示因果推理关系引导名词性从句 从属连词 引导状语从句 连词和感叹词 感叹词句子关系判断法方法清单 句意翻译法连词：连词是连接单词，短语或者句子的一种虚词，在句中和冠词介词一样，不能单独作成分，虚词不重读。感叹词：表示情感或情绪的词，在句中不做任何成分。连词的构成：1 简单连词And，or，but，if，because ，so，for，nor，neither，however，although，though，since 既然，lest 唯恐，unless，until
2、，before ，when ， while，suppose，except ， immediately，directly，insanity 一就， 2 关联连词Bothand， not onlybut also（as well） ， notbut，eitheror， neithernor， whetheror/or not，3 分词连词Supposing（that）万一，provded/providing（that ）如果，given (that)如果，excepting，除非，considering（that）考虑到，granted/granting (that) 尽管4 短语连词As if
3、仿佛，as though 仿佛， even if，即使，even though 即使，as /so long as 只要，in case（that）万一，以防，now that，既然，so that 以便，以至于，in order that 以便，on condition that 条件是，but that 要不是，in that 因为， for fear （ that）唯恐，the moment 一就，the minute 一就，the insant 一就，next time，下次， each /every time，每次，any time 任何时候，so that如此以致，suchthat
4、 如此以致，in the eventthat，如果，as/so far as 就而言对等连词（并列连词）21 表示并列关系：主要有和，补充增加等意思。常用的有 and，bothand，not onlybutalso。2 表示转折关系：常用的有 but，yet ，still，while 然而，whereas 然而。3 表示选择关系：常用的有 or，eitheror ，neithernor，orelse 否则，notbut，otherwise ，4 表示因果推理关系：常用的 so，for，then，therefore从属连词1 引导名词性从句引导名词性从句主要有，that，if，whether 等
5、。2.引导状语从句 引导时间状从：when，while，as，after，before ，until，till，since，as soon as ，once 等。引导地点状从：where，everywhere，anywhere，somewhere 等。引导原因状从：because，since，as，now that，in that 等。引导条件状从:if，unless，once ，supposing ，providing 等。引导目的状从：in order that，so that ，so 等。引导让步状从：although ，though，even if，even though，while
6、等。引导结果状从：so， sothat，suchthat，sothat 等。引导比较状从：than，as （so）as 等。引导方式状从：as，as if ，as though ，like 等。感叹词：感叹词指说话者为了表达各种情绪或者情绪突然发出的词，通常位于句首，也可以位于句中或者句尾，没有实际意义，在句中不作任何成分，独立于句子之外，因此又称独立词。常用的感叹词有：oh，aha，gosh，heavens，hurrah ，haha，so，why ，wow，uh-huh，damn，bullshit，well 等。连词练习题1. Id get it for you _ I could reme
7、mber who last borrowed the book. a. on condition that b. now that c. except that d. considering that 2. The robber told him that he had better keep silent _ he wanted to get into trouble a. if b. unless c. otherwise d. whether 3. Strange _ his behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it. a.
8、although b. even if c. that d. as 4. We are worried about our son because no one is aware _ he has gone. a. the place b. of where c. about the place d. where 5. The professor spoke in a loud voice _ every one of us could hear him. a. such that b. so c. so that d. such 6. When he just got off the pla
9、ne, he gave us a good description of _ in Spain. a. what he had seen b. that he had seen c. which he hadseen d. he had seen what 7. It is fitted with a small transformer, by means of _ the voltage of the currency can be adjusted. a. whom b. which c. what d. that 8. I dont know why shes looking at me
10、 _ she knew me. Ive never seen her before in my life. a. as b. although c. even if d. as if 9. No sooner had he finished his speech _ stormy applause broke out. a. when b. then c. than d. as 10. It is hard toavoid mistakes. _ you correct them conscientiously, it will be all right. a. In the case b.
11、As long as c. Although d. Despite 11. Geometry, _ I know nothing, seems a very dull subject. a. that b. about that c. which d. about which 12. The highest temperature _ in any furnace on earth is about 10,000 centigrade. a. we can get b. that we can get it c. which we can get it d. what we can get 1
12、3. We sent the horses to a considerable distance, _ they should disturb the children. a. less b. lest c. last d. least 14. Sound is conducted through steel in the same mann3er _. a. as in air b. as through air c. as air does d. like air 15. _ he was putting on his uniform, the officer found that one
13、 of the sleeves was torn. a. Since b. Unless c. As d. Before 16. The police finally caught up with the man _ was the escaped prisoner. a. who they thought b. whom they thought c. they thought him d. that they thought him 17. _ knows the name of this song will receive a prize from the radio station.
14、a. Whoever b. Those c. Whichever people d. Any people 18. _ do you believe is not about to support our plan? a. Whom b. Who c. Whomever d. Which 19. He didnt know French, _ made it difficult for him to study at a university in France. a. that b. as c. this d. which 20. She is a fine singer, _ her mo
15、ther used to be a. like b. that c. as d. which 20. She is a fine singer, _ her mother used to be a. like b. that c. as d. which 21. _, I realize that I owe a debt to my early country life. a. Lover of towns I am b. As lover of towns c. Lover of towns as am I d. Though am I the lover of towns 22. The
16、 rise of Davy was all the more brilliant in _ he had not had much schooling. a. which b. that c. what d. the way 23. She always takes careful notes in class _ she may review them from time to time. a. so that b. in order to c. because of d. rather than 24. The reason he was late is _ his clock didnt
17、give the alarm. a. because b. due to c. since d. that 25. _ he was in error will scarcely be disputed by his warmest friends. a. What b. That c. Which d. Though 26. I shall do the exercises _ I have been taught. a. such b. as c. what d. for 27. _ is worth doing at all is worth doing well. a. That b.
18、 Whatever c. Whichever d. However 28. She was so stubborn that she never listens to the advice _. a. that I give it to her b. which I give to her c. what I give to her d. I give it to her 29. I was supposed to be a mathematics major, but I actually took _ courses in physics, if not more. a. so many
19、b. as many c. a good many d. such many 30. Heat does not travel by convection in a solid, because the solid does not move, _. a. so does a liquid b. so a liquid does c. so is a liquid d.as does a liquid 31. He explained everything over again _ anyone should misunderstand her. a. since b. when c. les
20、t d. as if 32. _ convincing an argument is, it needs support of evidence. a. Whatever b. However c. Although d. Even if 33. Earthworms occur _ adequate moisture and food and the necessary soil conditions are found. a. and b. however c. but d. wherever 34. _ we gave him anything to eat, he would save
21、 it up for his little brother. a. When b. That c. Whenever d. What 35. The reason I plan to go is _ if I dont. a. because she will be disappointed b. because she willhave a disappointment c. that she will be disappointed d. for which she will be disappointed 36.The great use of a school education is
22、 not so much to teach you things _ to teach you the art of learning. a. than b. rather than c. nor d. as 37. If the design was wrong, the project is bound to fail, _ good all the other ideas might be. a. whatever b. however c. whatsoever d. even 38. He gave _ came to the store a pamphlet in which hi
23、s products were described. a. who b. those c. whom d. whoever 39. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication _ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered. a. in that b. in order that c. in which d. that 40. Fox was advised to give the assignment to _ he believed had a st
24、rong sense of responsibility. a. whom b. whomever c. whoever d. that 41. The chairman of the union made it clear at the mee4ting _ he would not step down form his position as chairman. a. in which b. where c. because d. that 42. _ Ms. Wang reached the post-office, she discovered she had left the let
25、ter at home. a. Just as b. Because c. As long as d. When as 43. The first step in preparing such a program is to draw a flow chart, _ are shown opposite. a. two examples of it b. two examples of which c. whose two example d. which two examples 44. _ the world began, nations have had difficulty in ke
26、eping peace with their neighbors. a. Although b. When c. Until d. Ever since 45. _ difficulties we may come across, we will help one another to get over them. a. Whatever b. Whichever c. However d. What 46. He went to work so late _ the manager had to send for him again before he arrived. a. as b. t
27、hat c. for d. when 47. _ you return those books to the library immediately you will have to pay a fine. a. Until b. If c. Unless d. Provided 48. The rose may grow as a low bush or as a tree, depending on _. a. what it is trimmed b. how it trimmed c. that is trimmed d. how it is trimmed 49. Group wor
28、k is a method of teaching _ tasks and activities are carried out by small groups of pupils.a. which b. that c. for which d. in that 50. Einsteins theory of relativity seemed hard to believe at the time _. a. when he first introduced b. that he first introduced itc. he first introduced d. which he fi
29、rst introduced it 51. Now we may be able to say _ between musicand noise or just sound. a. what is the difference b. the difference is what c. what the difference is c. that what the difference 52. Contrary to _ I had expected, he lost for a second time. a. that b. what c. which d. who 53. Professor
30、 Smith was so punctual _, he always arrived to class just as the bell rang. a. that the day he died b. until the day he died c. that until the day he died d. until the day when he died 54. _ he came to England to study, he didnt know how to cook. a. When b. since c. Until d. Unless 55. Although Mr s
31、mith is one of those teachers who appear to be friendly, _ he is very hard to deal with. a. but b. so c. so that d. yet 56. _ a baby kangaroo is four months old does it begin to live outside its mothers pouch. a. Until b. Not until c. After d. Only until 57.The earliest kind of desk was a box that h
32、ad a sloping lid _ there was storage space for writing materials. a. under that b. under which c. which d. that 58. I wont lend any money to Joe because I am afraid _ he will forget to pay it back. a. if b. whether c. that d. of 59. _ human beings depend to a great extent on forests, every effort mu
33、st be made to preserve trees andwildlife. a. If b. Unless c. Until d. Since 60. _ he was caught cheating on the exam, Oliver had been considered to be an honest boy.a. When b. After c. Although d. Before 61. Not long after Galileos time, Newton invented another kind of telescope _ mirrors instead of
34、 lenses.a. which used b. in which he used c. that he used d. in that he used 62. _ him as a writer I dont like him as a man. a. Much I admire b. Much as I admire c. As much I admire d. As I admire much 63. I punish the child _ he should make the samemistake again. a. as be because c. lest d. unless
35、64. Hardly had the speaker begun to talk _ were laughs. a. when there b. than there c. than d. that 65. A joint is _ permits the forward and backward movement of a door. a. that b. whose c. those d. what 66. I am pleased with what you have told me and _ you have given me. a. all what b. all that c.
36、which d. all whatever 67. _ has recently been done to improve the conditions of elementary schools a great number of children are unable to go to school. 5a. That b. What c. In spite of what d. Though what 68. Nuclear weapon is considered the most terrible weapon of war _ man has invented. a. which
37、b. that c. as d. since 69. _ he performed the task with success. a. It was expected b. Which was expected c. As was expected d. That was expected 70. The size of the audience, _ I had expected, was well over ten thousand. a. which b. that c. as d. whom 71. Not everybody could be expected to know all
38、 the answers, _ some questions called for educated guesses rather than general knowledge. a. as b. so c. such d. once 72. _ you try, youll never lose your English accent. a. No matter what b. How hard c. No matter how hard d. Whatever hard 73. _ the bridge were packed with cars and buses, it could s
39、till carry twice the load. a. Despite b. Provided c. Unless d. Even if 74. The airplane crashed and over a hundred passengers were killed, _. a. and that shocked the world b. and which shocked the world c. this fact shocked the world d. which shocked the world 75. The time will surely come _ ordinar
40、y people could operate computers as well. a. while b. when c. as d. on which 76. This machine is new. _, it is in excellent condition. a. Furthermore b. However c. Otherwise d. but 77. This room had but a single window, _ were kept closed when it was not in use. a. which its shutters b. its shutters
41、 of which c. the shutters of which d. which shutters 78. The old man is no coward; _ he is a man of high spirits. a. rather than b. on the contraryc. on the other hand d. at the same time 79. Satellite photographs can provide information on _ rain are falling. a. which where and how much b. where an
42、d how c. where and how d. where and how much 80. Skiing is a sport _ goes back 4,000 years. a. and its b. whose history c. its history d. and which 81. They will be praised or blamed _ their work is good or bad. a. according as b. as for c. in as much as d. as regards 82. The story of his upbringing
43、 is shocking _. a. to all that read it b. to all who reads it c. to all whichread it d. to all who read it 83. You should get the license in two weeks; _, youll have to pay a fine. a. yet b. still c. or d. consequently 84. I had hardly reached the airport _ he started for his destination. a. then b.
44、 when c. the moment d. than 85. He had a large collection of books, _ are written in foreign languages. a. many b. many ones of which c. many of which d. many in which 86. The book is for the students _ native language is not Chinese to study in a Chinese college or university. a. their b. that c. w
45、hose d. of whom 87. Geologists cannot accurately predict _ the live volcano will erupt again. a. when b. which c. is that d. and when 88. _ said under oath was disputed by several other witness. a. It is the man b. What the man c. That the man d. Theman has 89. _ I was going to college, I was also w
46、orking as a waitress on weekends. a. During the time that b. At the moment that c. In spite of the fact that d. On the ground that 90. it is a good idea to take a first-aid kit _ there is an accident. a. in case b. in the event of c. in condition d. but that 91. The strength of the new material is _
47、 it can stand heavy loads at high temperature. a. that b. such that c. what d. so that 92. Thats the doctor _ on the seriously wounded man. a. who he operated b. that he operated c. who operated d. that operated him 93. _ , the problem can be solved in only 2 hours with an electronic computer. a. Co
48、mplicated though it is b. Though is it complicated6c. As it is complicated d. Complicated as it is 94. He burned all the important documents _ that they should fall into the enemys hands. a. unless b. so b. lest d. for fear 95. His office on the fortieth floor of a skyscraper in the center of New York City is the world _. a. that he works b. which he works c. he wor
