1、山西省 45 校 2018 届高三第一次联考英语试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B. 9.15.C. 9.18.答案是 B。1. Where is the woman now?A. In t
2、he classroom. B. In the park. C. In the library.2. What is the woman looking for?A. A hank. B. A museum. C. A park.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Money. B. A wallet. C. A credit card.4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a meeting room.B. In a classroom.C. I
3、n the playground.5. What is the womans plan for tonight?A. To go out to eat. B. To see a film. C. To work at home.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. How many pencils
4、does the woman want?A. 12. B. 10. C. 4.7. What rulers does the woman buy in the end?A. Steel ones. B. Wooden ones. C. Plastic ones.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8. Where does Adam live now?A. In New York. B. In Houston. C. In Chicago.9. What do we know about the man?A. He lives in the same city with his childr
5、en.B. He doesnt have any friends in the city.C. He cant have a dog as a pet.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. When did the woman decide to finish her homework?A. By this Friday. B. By this Saturday. C. By next Monday.11. What is the woman going to do this weekend?A. Attend a party. B. Clean her room. C. Vi
6、sit her cousins.12. Where did the woman find her useful materials?A. From some books. B. From the Internet. C. From her brother.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. How long did the man stay in the US?A. Three weeks. B. Four weeks. C. Six weeks.14. How did the man travel around the US?A. By car. B. By bus. C.
7、 By train.15. Which of the following were the mans parents unhappy about?A. The Disneyland prices.B. The small town restaurant.C. The flight over the Grand Canyon.16. What does the man like best about San Francisco?A. The cafes. B. The bridge. C. The zoo.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. When will the spo
8、rts center open?A. On the 5th of May.B. On the 12th of May.C. On the 14th of May.18. Where is the sports center?A. Across the subway station.B. Next to the supermarket.C. Next to a hotel.19. How much is the monthly membership fee?A. 45. B. 40. C. 19.20. What will Sonia Smith do in the sports center?
9、A. Give dance classes.B. Teach tennis classes.C. Offer yoga classes.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOne of the best student cities: BostonBoston, Massachusetts is the unofficial student capital of the United States. The greater Boston area cont
10、ains some of the most famous universities in the world，including Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). With their reputation attracting some of the brightest students from around the globe, the heart of New England is young, energetic and active.Best spotsThe Fenway area home
11、of the Boston Red Sox baseball team attracts students from nearby schools. On game days, the neighborhoods many sports bars are packed with college students.The Harvard Square is also a popular gathering spot for Harvard and MIT students, with several restaurants serving up affordable and tasty food
12、.Student activitiesBostons most popular college events are the universities annual music festivals like Yardfest at Harvard and Spring Fling at Tufts University during which big-name stars perform free concerts before the spring semester ends.The Berklee College of Music, which attracts top internat
13、ional talent and counts the band Passion Pit among its alumni (男校友), often organizes free student performances in such picture-perfect locations as the Boston Harbor National Park. The free-to-watch boating races on the Charles River are also well-attended on fair-weather race days, when students ch
14、eer on their classmates.Student discountsThe Museum of Fine Arts, one of Boston s leading cultural institutions, is free for students carrying ID from one of the many schools in the city and the museums special exhibits and film screenings are discounted for students.The historic Isabella Stewart Ga
15、rdner Museum and the New England Aquarium offer discounts for all university students, while admission to Harvards museum is free for Harvard students and discounted for all other college kids. Even movie theatres like Regal Cinemas Fenway and AMC Loews Boston Common cut students a discount.1. The u
16、nderlined part “the heart of New England” in paragraph one refers to .A. Boston B. MassachusettsC. Harvard D. the MIT2. The Fenway area most probably attracts students who have interest in .A. food B. sportsC. music D. science3. We learn from the text that the Berklee College of Music .A. often give
17、s free performancesB. often invites big stars to performC. organises performances along the Charles RiverD. attracts talented teachers such as the Passion Pit members4. Which of the following is free for students carrying ID from one of the schools in Boston?A. The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum.B.
18、 The New England Aquarium.C. The Museum of Fine Arts.D. Regal Cinemas Fenway.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C【解析】文章主要讲述了波士顿是美国最古老、最有文化价值的城市之一：拥有世界上最著名的大学；芬威区-波士顿红袜棒球队主场；伯克利音乐学院；美术博物馆等。1. 词义猜测题。根据“With their reputation attracting some of the brightest students from around the globe” 由于他们的名声吸引了来自世界各地的一些最聪明的学生，
19、their 指代的是波士顿的名牌学校。所以英格兰的心脏指的是波士顿。根据题意，故选 A。2. 细节理解题。根据“The Fenway area home of the Boston Red Sox baseball team attracts students from nearby schools.” 芬威区-波士顿红袜棒球队主场，吸引了附近学校的学生。可知“The Fenway area”吸引学生过来是因为学生对运动感兴趣。根据题意，故选 B。3. 细节理解题。根据“often organizes free student performances in such picture-perf
20、ect locations as the Boston Harbor National Park.” 经常组织这样的免费学生表演在波士顿港国家公园。选项 A 正确，选项 C 错误；选项 B 文章未提及邀请大牌明星表演；根据“which attracts top international talent and counts the band Passion Pit among its alumni (男校友)” 吸引国际顶尖人才和 Passion Pit 乐队。选项 D 错误。根据题意，故选 A。4. 细节理解题。根据“The Museum of Fine Arts, one of Bosto
21、n s leading cultural institutions, is free for students carrying ID” 美术博物馆是波士顿主要的文化机构之一，它是免费为学生提供身份证。根据题意，故选 C。BKnown as “wolf girl” at her West Warwick, R.I., school, Alyssa Grayson has spent much of her young life teaching others to protect and respect animals. After starting a wolf club in second
22、 grade, Alyssa learned all she could about her favorite animals. Today, she gives presentations about protecting wolves at libraries and schools shes even spoken at a university. In fact, shes become such a wolf expert that she was appointed as the first junior advisor to the National Wolfwatcher Co
23、alition.When shes not teaching others about wolves, Alyssa can be found volunteering at her local animal shelter, taking care of dogs and cats. Shes also trained as a citizen scientist for Frog Watch USA. In short, Alyssa Grayson proves that you are never too young to make a difference for animals.W
24、hen asked how she got interested in saving wolves, Alyssa says, “Ive loved wolves since I saw them in a movie when I was 2 or 3 years old. Then one day I saw a commercial about wolf hunting. I asked my mother why people do this, and she told me because people dont like wolves. I decided from then th
25、at I wanted to save wolves.”Today, wolves are hunted, trapped, or poisoned. Hunters chase wolves for miles in an airplane until the wolves are too exhausted to run anymore. Then they shoot them. The animal doesnt have a chance to escape. Animals are also trapped for their fur. They are left to suffe
26、r in a trap with no food, water, or shelter. Alyssa thinks the fur looks better on the animal in the wild, where its meant to be, than on a human.Alyssa believes wolves are important to our worlds. She says, “Wolves are an apex predator, which means they are at the top of the food chain. Removing th
27、em from the ecosystem is a big mistake. The ecosystem is like a chain of dominoes (多米诺骨牌)with the apex predator as the one in front. If you were to knock down that domino, the rest of the chain would go down too.”People usually think of “the Big Bad Wolf” when they hear about wolves. However, Alyssa
28、 says, “If they would base their thoughts on facts, not fairy tales, we wouldnt have people wanting to kill wolves.”5. Alyssa is known as “wolf girl” at her school because .A. she keeps wolves as petsB. she was raised by wolvesC. she does a lot to protect wolvesD. she started a wolf club at her scho
29、ol6. According to the first and second paragraphs, Alyssa .A. gained knowledge about wolves at librariesB. cares about other animals besides wolvesC. started to give presentations since second gradeD. is the first junior citizen scientist for Frog Watch USA7. Paragraph four is mainly about .A. why w
30、olves are killedB. why wolves are trappedC. the tools used to hunt wolvesD. how wolves are treated8. From the last paragraph we can infer that Alyssa .A. doesnt need fairy talesB. doesnt believe in fairy talesC. encourages people to find out the facts about wolvesD. believes that more people will wo
31、rk to save wolves【答案】5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C【解析】文章主要讲述了艾丽莎在二年级开始一个狼俱乐部之后，她开始知道她最喜欢的动物是狼。她呼吁人们客观的去对待这种动物，不要因为童话故事对它存在偏见。5. 细节理解题。根据文章“Known as “wolf girl” at her West Warwick, R.I., school, Alyssa Grayson has spent much of her young life teaching others to protect and respect animals.” Alyssa Grayson，在 W
32、est Warwick, R.I.学校众所周知被称为狼女，因为她用她的青春教会了其他人保护和尊重动物。根据题意，故选 C。6. 推理判断题。根据“After starting a wolf club in second grade, Alyssa learned all she could about her favorite animals. Today, she gives presentations about protecting wolves at libraries and schools shes even spoken at a university.” 在二年级开始一个狼俱乐
33、部之后，艾丽莎知道了她最喜欢的动物。今天，她在图书馆和学校做关于保护狼的演讲她甚至在一所大学里演讲过。可知选项 C 错误；根据“In fact, shes become such a wolf expert that she was appointed as the first junior advisor to the National Wolfwatcher Coalition.” 事实上，她成为了一个狼的专家，她被任命为国家狼观察者联盟第一初级顾问。选项 D 错误；根据文章第二段描述她除了关心狼之外，她还照顾其他的动物：猫、狗，还成为青蛙观察者。根据题意，故选B。 7. 主旨大意题。文章
34、第四段主要讲述了狼被猎杀、被困或中毒。人们甚至为了它的皮毛不断地去猎杀，不给它逃生的机会，可知该段讲述了狼是如何被对待的。根据题意，故选 D。8. 推理判断题。根据“People usually think of “the Big Bad Wolf” when they hear about wolves. However, Alyssa says, “If they would base their thoughts on facts, not fairy tales, we wouldnt have people wanting to kill wolves.”当人们提到狼的时候往往说“大
35、坏狼” 。如果人们把想法建立在事实的基础上，而不是童话上，我们人类就没有人想要杀死他们。可推知艾丽莎鼓励人们要客观的去对待，看到狼真实的一面。根据题意，故选 C。CThe value of the U.S. penny has been dropping for years. Many countries have stopped using pennies. Is it time for the U.S. to do the same?Those who think we should keep the U.S. penny offer the following arguments to
36、support their positions:Prices will increase. If we get rid of the penny, everything will have to be rounded to the nickel (五分硬币), costing us more for everything we buy.Charities need pennies. There are thousands of small charities that depend on pennies to bring in donations. People think nothing o
37、f pouring out their old penny jars to support charity, but they wont part with nickels so easily.Nickels cost even more to make. If we get rid of the penny, we will need more nickels in circulation. Nickels cost 7.7 cents to make, 2.7 cents over face value, as opposed to 0.26 cents over face value t
38、o make a penny. Since the penny costs 0.26 more than face value to make, the Mint (铸币厂) can make 5 pennies and still lose less money than making 1 nickel.People who want to retire the penny also have some persuasive arguments, including these:Pennies waste time. The average American wastes 2.4 hours
39、 a year handling pennies, or waiting for people who handle them. This statistics is the result of collecting a number of penny-handling related events, including the 30-second period we sometimes spend waiting for someone who just has to dig through their pockets or purse to find that last cent so t
40、hey can pay for something with exact change (probably so they dont get stuck with any more pennies).Making pennies wastes taxpayers money. It costs the U.S. Mint 1.26 cents to make each 1 cent coin, meaning that taxpayers are losing 0.26 of a cent for each one of the 7.4 billion pennies the Mint pro
41、duces each year.History will repeat itself. In 1857, the Mint stopped making the half-cent coin, partly because the cost of making it was considered to be no longer needed. Yet, commerce continued without any catastrophic effects. History has shown us that updating the monetary supply in countries w
42、here the currency (货币) is very stable has had little, if any, negative effect on the economy, or on peoples acceptance of the coinage.9. According to people who want to keep the penny, getting rid of the penny .A. is good for ordinary consumersB. is especially bad for rich peopleC. will be convenien
43、t for themD. may lead to fewer donations to small charities10. Why do pennies waste time?A. Because consumers dont always have enough change.B. Because it takes time for people to get them from their pockets or purse.C. Because pennies are not easy to take.D. Because pennies are difficult to collect
44、.11. The underlined word “catastrophic” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “ ”.A. direct B. positiveC. important D. disastrous12. The text is mainly developed by .A. giving examplesB. setting down general rulesC. comparing different opinionsD. following the natural time order【答案】9. D 10. B 11.
45、 D 12. C【解析】本文是议论文，文章就美国是否应该淘汰一分硬币列出了正反双方的观点。.10. 推理判断题。根据“The average American wastes 2.4 hours a year handling pennies, or waiting for people who handle them.”美国人平均每年要花 2.4 个小时来处理零钱，或者等待人们递给他。可知人们需要花费时间从口袋里或钱包里拿出来。根据题意，故选 B。11. 词义猜测题。根据“History has shown us that updating the monetary supply in cou
46、ntries where the currency (货币) is very stable has had little, if any, negative effect on the economy”历史表明在一个货币稳定的国家调整货币供给对经济的负面影响即便有也是很小的。据此，可推测取消硬币后，商业持续发展，没有受到灾难性的影响。根据题意，故选 D。12. 推理判断题。文章主要是比较了反对取消一分硬币和提倡一分硬币的人的不同观点。根据题意，故选 C。DToday we think of Abraham Lincoln as a great leader. What most of us d
47、ont know is that he was a well-known humorist and storyteller in his day.Lincoln learned to tell jokes and stories from his father. When Lincoln became a lawyer, he used his jokes and stories to gain the good will of the jury (陪审团), and more than once his opposing lawyer would complain to the judge
48、that Lincolns stories were irrelevant and distracting (转移、分心) to the jury. The trouble for them was that Judge David Davis loved Lincolns jokes more than anyone else in the court room.As a politician, Lincoln made excellent use of his humorous stories. His long time political opponent Stephen A. Douglas complained that “Nothing else not any of his arguments or any of his replies to my questions disturbs me. But when he begins to tell a story, I feel that I am to be overmatched.” More than once Doug
