1、Unit 4 Earthquake,New words,smelly adj. 发臭的;有臭味的smelly是有smell这个词加上后缀-y而形成的。也就是说n + -y可以变成adj.,如:blood + -y = bloody rain + -y = rainycloud + -y = cloudy wind + -y = windysnow + -y = snowy greed + -y = greedydream+-y = dreamy taste+ -y = tastyice + -y = icy fat + -y = fatty mud+ -y = muddy fog + -y =
2、 foggysun + -y = sunny,流血的,多云的,下雪的,幻想的,冷漠的,冰的,泥泞的,肥胖的,下雨的,多风的,贪婪的,美味的,阳光灿烂的,有雾的,2. burst vi. ( burst, burst) 爆裂,爆发; (堤坝等)决口 短语:突然 burst into + n;burst out + doing eg: 她突然笑起来。She burst out laughing.She burst into .他突然大哭起来。He burst out crying.He burst into .n. 突然爆裂,爆发 短语:a burst of 一阵 eg: 一阵笑声,laughte
3、r,tears,a burst of laughter,勃然大怒,a burst of anger,burst into,burst with,闯入,充满,3. event n. 事件,大事; 赛事, (体育比赛等的)项目辨析event, affair, matter, thing, business,侧重大事,要事,有意义或不寻常之事,或体育赛事,演出或聚会,“复杂的,较多的事情,事务”,常用复数affairs表示商业事务或政府的日常事务,如财政管理,外交事务等。,侧重指须留心的要事或问题,难题,The election was the main event of 1999. 这次选举是19
4、99年的主要大事。,He shows great interest in international affairs. 他对国际事务很感兴趣。,Dont worry. Well look into the matter soon. 别着急,我们将很快调查此事。,3. event n. 事件,大事; 赛事, (体育比赛等的)项目辨析event, affair, matter, thing, business,最普通的用词,意为“事情,事务”,不管大事小事,好事坏事均可称为thing;复数things还可作“形式,情况”解,作“事务”解时一般不能用复数,常指所指派的任务,责任;有时说的是指派的工作
5、或商业性的买卖活动,What is the next thing we have to do. 我们下一步必须做的事是什么?,Students in the course must learn about all aspects of business. 学这门课程的学生主要商业的各方面知识。,4. at an end 结束,终结 eg: 炎热的天气终于结束了。The hot days are at last at an end.The hot days come to an end at last.be at an end = come to an end 结束 短语:put an end
6、to=bringto an end 使结束 eg: 他们应该结束战争。They should put an end to the war.They should bring the war to an end. 辨析:at an end, in the end, at the end of, by the end of,1). at an end: 表示“终结,结束”,与be动词连用。 eg: 战争结束了。The war was at an end.= The war came to an end. 2). in the end: 表示“最终,终于”,单独使用作状语。 eg: 最终他们放弃了那
7、项计划。They gave up the plan in the end. (at last) 3). at the end of: 表示“在的尽头/末尾” eg: 今年年底,我父亲要回家。My father will come home at the end of this year.He is at the end of his patience.他已经忍耐到极限了。,4). by the end of: 到末为止,常与完成时态连用。by the end of last用于过去完成时by the end of next用于将来完成时 eg: 到上个月末为止,他在那条船上已经待了两年。By
8、the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years.到下学期末为止,我将学会3000多个英语单词。I will have learned more than 3000 English wordsby the end of next term.,5. nation n. 民族,国家,国民 单词积累:national adj. 国家的,民族的,国营的nationality n. 国籍 辨析:nation, country, state,侧重指“人民”,即“国民”,The whole nation was in deep sor
9、row. 举国悲痛。,侧重指“疆土”,即“国土”。,He has been to many African countries.他去过许多非洲国家。,侧重指“政权”“政体”,即“国权”,Hes a head of state. 他是一位国家元首。,6. ruin n.【C】倒塌的建筑物,废墟 短语:be/lie in ruins 倒塌,破败不堪fall into ruins 衰落,败落 eg: 现在这座城市已成为一片废墟了。The city now is/lies in ruins.n. 【U】毁坏,毁灭,灭亡vt. (完全地)毁坏,毁掉,使破产 辨析:ruin, destroy, damag
10、e 1). ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏,但往往是非暴力的,也不是一次打击的结果,常指对美好的活希望中的事物的破坏。,2). destroy表示在肉体上,精神上或道义上彻底摧毁,使之无法复原,也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁灭。 3). damage一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤,使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值,无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果,也可以指非暴力的或长期损害的结果,可修复。 7. injure vt. 损害,伤害 单词积累:injured adj. 受伤的injury n. 伤害,损害 辨析:injure, hurt, wound, harm,指损害健康,成
11、就,容貌等,强调功能的丧失,常指事故中的伤害,普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上,感情上的伤害,指枪伤,刀伤,刺伤等皮肉之伤,尤指战场上所受的伤,一般指伤害有生命的东西,常指伤及人的健康,权利,事业等,A bullet injured his left eye. 一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。,I dont want to hurt you. 我不想伤害你。,The soldier was wounded badly. 这位士兵严重受伤。,Smoking seriously harmed his health. 吸烟严重地损害了他的健康。,8. shock vi.&vt. (使)震惊,震动n.
12、 休克,打击,震惊 单词积累:shocking 令人震惊的,令人吃惊的shocked 震惊的,吃惊的 短语:be shocked by/at 对感到吃惊 eg: 对这个消息他并未感到吃惊。He wasnt shocked by/at this news. 辨析:shock, surprise,表示来得突然,而且常指不好的事情,Chucks death came as a complete shock to all of us. 查克的去世让我们大家都感到十分的震惊。,表示意外的事情,但不一定是不好的事情,It was quite a surprise to know I was actuall
13、y good at drawing. 我发现自己原来对画画很在行,真叫人大感意外。,9. rescue n.&vt. 援救;营救 短语:rescue from 从中救出come to sbs rescue=go to sbs rescue营救某人,eg: 他们救了一个溺水的男孩。They rescued a boy from drowning(淹死,溺死). 辨析:rescue, save 1). rescue救助,援救,营救。重在强调迅速行动,从直接的,迫在眉睫的危险中解救。 eg: A team was sent away to rescue the people trapped in t
14、he fire. 一个小队被派去营救困在火中的人。 2). save救,救助,拯救。为普通用词,使用广泛,常指把处于危险或危急状态的人或事物解救出来,使之得以保全。 eg: They could think of no way to save the situation.他们想不出什么办法来挽救局势。,9. bury vt. 埋葬,掩埋,隐藏 eg: 她被安葬在她丈夫的坟边。She was buried beside her husbands grave.她双手捂着脸哭了起来。She buried her face in her hands and cried. 短语:bury oneself
15、 in=be buried in.专心于, 埋首于bend ones mind/efforts/thoughts todevote oneself to=be devoted to专心于,献身于be lost in 陷入中,10. shelter n. 掩蔽,躲避处,避难,保护 短语:take shelter from 躲避vt.&vi. 庇护,掩护 (常与from搭配使用)意为“保护不受的伤害/侵害” eg: 人们在百货商场躲避阵雨。People took shelter from the shower in the department store.那些树木庇护田地不受冷风侵袭。The t
16、rees shelter the field from the cold wind.,11. damage n.&vt. 损失,损害 eg: Smoking can damage your health.抽烟会损害你的健康。 短语:do damage to 对造成损害 12. frighten vt. 使惊吓,吓唬frightened adj. 受惊的,受恐吓的frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 短语:be frightened at 受惊吓,见大吃一惊be frightened of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物 同义词:shock 近义词:surprise,13. express vt. 表示,表达 短语:express oneself 表达自己的意见或感情express sth to sb 向某人表达某事 eg: 他向我们致谢。He expressed his thanks to us. 单词积累:expression n. 表达,表情,