1、Passive voice,复习课：被动语态,各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构: am/is/are + vt 过去分词,2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构: was/ were + vt 过去分词,3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词+be+ vt 过去分词,4.一般将来时的被动语态结构: will/shall +be + vt 过去分词,5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构: am/ is /are+being + vt 过去分词,6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构: was / were + being+ vt 过去分词,7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构: have/has
2、 been + vt 过去分词,知识点再现:被动语态,结构：be +动词的过去分词意义：强调主语是动作的承受者,何时使用,变化方法,注意事项,变化： 示例,The boy broke the glass.,The glass was broken by the boy.,从主动语态变为被动语态,1.主语 介词by 宾语 2.谓语 加be,并变为过去分词 3.宾语 主语,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时： S(主语）+am/is /are +过
3、去分词,变为被动语态,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般将来时;will be+动词的过去分词,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.
4、 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,5. Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时：S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时：S+ was/were+being+过去分词,6We hav
5、e made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时：S+ have/has + been+过去分词,二、常见语态转换 （一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。 引入练习1。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态 1.Lucy bought some fruit.Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy. 2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day.The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day. 3.Did they build the bridg
6、e in 1998?_ the bridge _ in 1998? 4.When did Lu Xun write these books? When _these books _ _ Lu Xun? 5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm. Apples _ _ on the farm. 6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday. The classroom _ _ yesterday. 小结： 1、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定_ 是关键，_永不变。 2、Be的时态由_确定；be的单/复数由
7、_确定。 3、问句提前_; 否定_后加not.,was bought by,are watered by,Was,built,were,written by,arent grown,wasnt cleaned,be 形,过去分词,主动时态,被动主语,be动词,be,(二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。 引入练习2。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。 1.You can do the work all by yourself.The work _ _ _ all by yourself. 2.We must plant more trees.More trees _ _ _. 3.We shoul
8、d dig a large hole.A large hole _ _ _. 4.Can we put our bikes here?_ our bikes _ _ here? 5.You mustnt throw rubbish here.Rubbish _ _ _ here. 6.We cant see many stars.Many stars _ _ _ .小结： 1.含情态动词的被动结构： _. 2.疑问句提前_; 否定句：_+not.,can be done,must be planted,should be dug,Can,be put,mustnt be thrown,cant
9、 be seen,情态动词+be+过去分词,情态动词,情态动词,1.一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词 2.be动词可根据人称、时态、数进行变化. 3.不特别强调动作执行者时，by短语(即by和后面的宾语)一般可以省略,NOTE,注意事项：,This work may_ today.（finish） Can my bike _ here? (mend) The cars cant _ here.（park ）,含有情态动词的被动语态，情态动词后面的be 动词用原形,be finished,be mended,be parked,1.We call Mr. Smith a living Lei
10、Feng.Mr. Smith_ a living Lei Feng (by us). 2.Toms father bought him a book.He _ a book (by his father) A book_him (by his father),带双宾语的句子有两种改法: 一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,for,was bought,is called,pass, show, send,此类动词有：,buy,be bought for,如：give,be given to,此类动词还有：,draw，make, cook, mend,
11、1. Please pass the book to Lily. The book is passed to Lily by you please. Lily is passed the book. 2. He gave me a beautiful present. I was given a beautiful present by him. A beautiful present was given to me .,感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice等)和使役动词(let ,make have等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时
12、, 把to加在动词原形之前.,They made the boys work 12 hours a day. The boys were made to work 12 hours a day. We often see him go for a walk by the river. He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.,1. The teachers often make us read books in the morning. We are often made to read books in the morning by th
13、e teachers. 2. We noticed him talk with my brother just now. He was noticed to talk with my brother just now. 3. We saw her help Tom when we enter the room. She was seen to help Tom when we enter the room. 4. I made him stop while he was doing the work. He was made to stop while he was doing the wor
14、k.,3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态:把人变为主语Mother told me not to be late.I was told not to be late by mother.I saw mother planting flowers in the garden.Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.,必背！,动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。,take care of be taken care of,cut down be cut down,laugh at be laughed at,look after be
15、looked after,Speak to be spoken to,Hand in be handed in,4 短语动词的被动语态I can take good care of the baby.The baby can be taken good care of.We should speak to the old politely. The old should be spoken to politely.,The rain stopped.,The soup tastes delicious.,stop , taste 在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。,
16、不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。,happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆发）,e.g. A traffic accident _(happen) just now.,happened,2. 连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become,e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.,sounds,3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态 。,e
17、.g. The pen _(write) very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _(sell) well.,sells,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that ,Practice: 1 Must I pay fo
18、r it at once? _ it _ _ _ at once? 2 We will build a new lab. A new lab _ _ _. 3 They arent stopping the traffic now. The traffic _ _ _ now. 4 How long have you kept the book? How long _ the book _ _?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,5 If your homework _(do) well,you
19、may go to play. 6 Mr.Green was seen _ (grow) trees. 7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students. 8 The ship model _ be _ (make) in two days.,is done,to grow,looked at,will,made,1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party?-No, I _ (北京2003年中招试题)A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited
20、 D. didnt invited 2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river.A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw (重庆2003年中招试题),中招名题回顾,B,B,考点聚焦,1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。 The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days. A. work B. to work 2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。 Their homewor
21、k half an hour ago. A. was handed in B. was handed,A,B,3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河北2003年中招试题)A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done 4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (辽宁2003年中招试题) not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. no
22、t to spit,A,D,1.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ? - Its surprising. The strongest team _. A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed 2.I wont come to the party unless Sue_. A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited 3.What are on show in the museum?Some photos _ by Afri
23、can children. A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken 4. The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday. A made B was made C was made to D made to,中招模拟,A,D,C,C,4.The trees must _ three times a week. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters 5.Another new building _last month near my
24、 school. A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is built,6. A new bridge _ over the river next year. A is built B will build C will be built D will built 7. TV and radio programes _ the other side of the world with the help of the satellites. A can send to B can send on C can be sent to D can be
25、 sent on,C,A,C,C,3. In summer meat and fruit _for a long time. A cant be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping 4. These films _ by young children. A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should be not seen D should see 5. The piece of music _ great. A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is soun
26、ding,6. It _ in a small village last month. A happened B was happened C happen D had happened,A,B,A,A,2. Our classroom should _ clean and tidy. A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept,3. No letter _ since you left for Shanghai. A have received B have been received C had been received D has been r
27、eceived 4. Im afraid you cant go in. The room_. A is painted B has painted C is being painted D is painting,6. The girl _singing when we passed by. A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard to,B,D,C,B,3. My new pen _ well. A writes B is writing C is written D was writing 4. A lot of money _ spent o
28、n books. A has B have C has been D have been 5.Another bridge_set up over the river in 6 years. A is being B will been C will be D has been 6.My bike _ for 3 days. A is mended B has been mended C hasnt be mended D is being mended.,7. - Why, you are wet all over!- I _just now and I rushed all the way
29、 here. A caught the rain B was caught in the rain C caught a rain D was caught by a rain,3. We are told that these books _ to the library. A can be returned B may return C must be returned D must returned 4. This kind of medicine _ after supper. A should take B should be taken C should be eaten D should eat,5. A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next week. A is given B has been given C will give D will be given 6. He _ go into the room just now. A saw B was seen C was seen to D saw to,
