1、名词性从句,英语语法复习十一,名词性从句分类,_从句， _从句， _从句， _从句。,主语,表语,同位语,宾语,名词性从句 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。1. 陈述句作名词性从句, 用 that 引导, 在从句里不作成分, 但不能省(除宾语从句)。2. 一般疑问句作名词性从句, 只能用 whether 引导 (除宾语从句用if / whether 均可)。3. 特殊疑问句作名词性从句, 用连接代词 who / whose / whom / what / which / whoever / whomever / whatever / whichever 和连接副词 wh
2、en / where / why / how / whenever / wherever / however 引出。4. 从句中用陈述句的词序。5. 在名词性从句中, “无论谁”、“无论什么”, 只能用whoever / whatever, 但在让步状语从句中, whoever / whatever 和 no matter who / no matter what 均可。,主语从句,1. that, whether _ they are still alive is beyond doubt. _ they are still alive is still unknown.Conclusion
3、: that引导_；whether引导_。不充当从句的成分。,That,Whether,肯定事实,一个疑问,主语从句,2. what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, etc. _ you have done can not save the man who have been buried in ruins for 5 days. _ follows is a lecture on how to save yourself on an emergency occasion. _ will win the first prize is still a myster
4、y. _ wins the first prize will be given the opportunity to travel abroad. _ work will win the first prize remains to be seen.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,Whose,Conclusion,what=_; whatever=_;who=_;whoever=_. 在从句中充当_，_，_。,all that /the thing that,anything that,the person who,anyone who,主语,宾语,表语,主语从句,3.
5、when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however _ he refuses to work with you is still a mystery. _ we must finish our task is an important question. _ he can solve this problem in such a short time seems a mystery to us. _ you go seems none of my business. Conclusion: 在从句中充当_。,Why,When,How,Where
6、,状语,it作形式主语（句型转换）,Whether he comes or not makes no difference._ That he has stolen the wallet is not true._ That the whale is not a fish is common sense._ That he spoke on such a serious occasion is a shame._,It makes no difference whether he comes or not.,It is not true that he has stolen the walle
7、t.,It is common sense that the whale is not a fish.,It is a shame that he spoke on such a serious occasion.,常见句型,It is reported (believed, said, expected, thought, known, estimated) that It is easy (difficult, convenient, possible, likely, certain) that 当adj. 为surprising, strange, natural, necessary
8、, important时，从句谓语要用 (should) do It is a pity (a shame, an honor, a good idea, no wonder) that It seems (appears, turns out, occurs) (to sb) that,Translation,据报道, 强台风将于明天早上登陆上海。It is reported that strong typhoon will land in Shanghai tomorrow morning. 向受灾儿童伸出援手是十分必要的。It is necessary that the children
9、 who suffered from the disaster should be given a helping hand.,Translation,在我看来似乎你没有可能得第一名。It seems to me that you are unlikely to get the first prize. /it is impossible for you to win the first prize. 一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。(06年高考)It depends on many factors whether a book sells well. 众所周知，吸烟会导致许多疾病。(98年高考
10、)It is known to all that smoking will cause many diseases.,表语从句,1. that, whether My idea is _ we should stick to our original plan. The question is _ youd like to go with us.,that,whether,表语从句,2. what, who, whom, whatever, whoever, whomever, etc. That is _ I want to say. He is _ I want to introduce
11、to you. The CD I will recommend is _ I believe to be the greatest rock of all times.,what,who/whom,what,表语从句,3. when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however This school is _ we first met and became friends. My question is _ he can return the book to the school library. That is _ Jack was late
12、for school again.,where,when,why,表示原因的表语从句,The reason why she refused his invitation is _ she has another important activity to take part in. Why you dont accept my invitation? This is _ I have an important meeting to attend at that time.,that,because,当主语表示建议，命令，要求的时候，表语从句谓语要用_。The teachers requirem
13、ent is that all the students present _ (donate) money. The proposal of the library is that your reading cards _ (not lend) to others.,(should) do,(should) donate,(should) not be lent,Translation,那是因为他工作马虎。 That is because he is careless in his work. 问题是我们是否应该接受他的邀请。 The question is whether we should
14、 accept his invitation.,Translation,他没有出席会议的原因是因为他病了。 The reason why he didnt attend the meeting was that he was ill. 最使我苦恼的是我做这种工作没多少经验。What annoyed me most was that I hadnt much experience to do this kind of work.,同位语从句,1. 名词+ that引导的从句 The fact that his health _ (fail) is not true. The proposal t
15、hat all the orphans _ (adopt) by a good family is widely accepted.,is failing,(should) be adopted,同位语从句,2. 名词+ wh-引导的从句 I have no idea _ happened to him. The question _ we could get the loan from the bank made us upset.,what,whether,同位语从句,3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 I believed the fact that he was honest. _从句
16、I believed the fact that he thought to be true. _从句,同位语,定语,Translation,毫无疑问这个人是愚蠢的。There is no doubt that this man is stupid. 你相信“有志者事竟成”这句谚语吗？Do you believe the proverb that “Where there is a will, there is a way”? 听到2008年在北京举办奥运会的消息时，人们欣喜若狂。（02年高考）Hearing the news that the 2008 Olympics will be he
17、ld in Beijing, the people are wild with joy.,宾语从句,1. that, whether, if 1) 动词+宾语从句 I doubt _ there is someone still trapped in ruins. I dont doubt _ there is someone still trapped in ruins. Jim suggested (that) we _ (go) to the Rocky Mountains during the summer. 注意：doubt, wonder的否定句和疑问句中用引导的从句_, 肯定句中
18、用_。表示建议，命令，要求后跟从句要用_。,whether,that,(should) go,that,whether,(should) do,The government promised the people _(医疗队将到达所有村庄) The manager reminded me _(这个计划必须在明早交给他),2) 动词+sb+宾语从句,that the medical team would reach all the villages.,that the plan should be handed in to him the next morning.,3) 动词+it+形容词/惯
19、用搭配+宾语从句,I _ that we should cooperate with each other.（认为是必要的） He _ that he does physical exercises for two hours every day.（定下规矩） Many children _ that they neednt do any housework.（认为理所当然） I _ if you gave me timely help.（不胜感激） I _ that I arrive at the airport on time to meet you.（设法做到）,think/consid
20、er/find it necessary,has made it a rule,take it for granted,would appreciate it very much,will see to it,wh- 引导的从句,He has informed me _ they are to discuss my proposal. I dont know _ he can swim across the river without any aid.,when,how,介词+宾语从句,He was not conscious of _ an important discovery he ha
21、d made. Whether he can succeed depends on _ well we cooperate. In spite of _ has been distributed to people, food, medicine, pure water are still badly needed. He drove at _ we consider dangerous speed. You can not write a good composition without any idea on _ it will develop or end.,what,how,what,
22、what,how,不能用if代替whether的情况,if不能和_连用if不能用在_后面if不能和_连用,or not,介词,to do,Translation,我希望尽快收到你的照片。（05年高考） I hope that I will receive your photos as soon as possible. 我们相信农民的生活会越来越好。（06年高考）We believe that peasants life will be better and better.,Translation,这个事故使我们意识到安全问题不容忽视。（02年春考）The accident made us r
23、ealize that safety problem couldnt be ignored. 物理课上，他没听懂王教授所讲的内容。（06年春考） In physics lesson, he didnt catch what Professor Wang said.,Wh-ever 引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别,A. Whatever B. Wherever C. No matter what D. No matter where _ you do wont please her. _从句 _ you do, you wont please her. _从句 _ you go is none of my business. _从句 _ you go, please tell me. _从句,A,A/C,B,B/D,主语,主语,状语,状语,
