1、Lesson 72,A car called Bluebird,race v.竞赛，急速而过 The car just raced by, leaving a trail of dust. 比赛，竞赛，种族 The motorbike race is held in our city every year. You are in a race against time. They have been facing the problem of race relations.,Vocabulary,per prep 每 The meal will cost $20 per person. The
2、 car was travelling at 70 miles per hour.(70 mph).average adj. 平均的,中等的 She is about average weight. The average rainfall in2003 was not much. average n.平均数 Add 20,10 and 30 and find the average.,above /below the average His performance on the test was below average.on average 平均 On average, we recei
3、ve ten presents each day.,burst vi. 爆炸，爆裂 A tyre burst on the course. She burst the little boys balloon. vt.& vi. 突然打开 We burst the door open. While I was reading, the door burst open and John came in.burst into tears/laughter He keeps bursting into tears for no reason. burst out doing sth. I almost
4、 burst out laughing when I saw what she was wearing.,Language points,1、The great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour.在the second，the next/the last以及表示最高级的如the best，the most intelligent等后可以用to引导的不定式短语做定语，这些词语后面可以接名词或one(s)，也可以不接：Shes always the f
5、irst to arrive and the last to leave.Youre the best person to advise me about buying a house. 你是我买房子的最好顾问。the only后必须接一个名词或one(s)：Youre the only person/one to complain.,他热爱聚会，他总是第一个到，最后一个走。 He loves parties; he is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他是第二个被这样杀死的人 He is the second man to b
6、e killed in this way. 她是唯一幸免于这次空难的人。 She was the only one to survive the plane crash.,per表示“每一，每”，通常用于商业及技术用语，日常用语大多用a/an： You can stay at the hotel at $10 per person per night. You must have been driving at seventy miles an/per hour.,2、It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2,500-horsepower engine
7、. Sth is +数字+单位+ in length/height/weight/depth 他有2米高 He is 2 meters in height. 这个洞有7米深 The cave is 7 meters in depth. 这个大象有3吨重 The elephant is 3 tons in weight.,3、Although Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during
8、the first run.have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做有困难 He has grown a beard and I had difficulty (in) recognizing him. the first run 一开始的行程 the next run 下一段赛程,4. After his attempt, Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.learn 得知 be disappointed to hear/find
9、/see/learn attempt n.企图，试图,5、Following in his fathers footsteps many years later, Sir Malcolms son, Donald, also set up a world record.follow in ones footsteps 步某人的后尘，仿效某人，继承某人的事业 他打算踏着父亲的足迹，成为一名牙医。 He intends to follow in his fathers footsteps and to become a dentist.,6. Like his father, he was dri
10、ving a car called Bluebird.就像他妈妈一样，他帮助了很多人。,一、 一般现在时1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2.时间状语： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week(day, year, month), on Sundays, 3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.否定形式：主语+am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont, 如主语为第三人称
11、单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 6.例句：. It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words.,二、 一般过去时1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, m
12、onth), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词 的过去式4.否定形式：主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 6.例句：She often came to help us in those days. I didnt know you were so busy.,三、 现在进行时1.概念：表
13、示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其他4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其他5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。6.例句： How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons.,四、 过去进行时1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词
14、是一般过去时的时间状语等。 3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其他5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写） 6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.,五、 现在完成时1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 2.时间状语：yet,already,just,never,ever,so fa
15、r,by now,since+时间点，for+时间段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构：主语+have/has +p.p（过去分词）+其他 4.否定形式：主语+have/has + not +p.p（过去分词）+其他 5.一般疑问句：have或has。 6.例句：Ive written an article. The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.,六、 过去完成时1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为
16、，即“过去的过去”。 2.时间状语：Before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc. 3.基本结构：主语+had + p.p（过去分词）+其他4.否定形式：主语+had + not +p.p（过去分词）+其他 5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。 6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books基本结构：主语+had+p.p（过去分词）+其他 肯定句：主语+ had+p.p（
17、过去分词）+其他否定句：主语+ had+ not+p.p（过去分词）+其他一般疑问句：Had+主语+p.p（过去分词）+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,七、 一般将来时1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 2.时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本结构：主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主语+will/shall + do+其他 4.否定形式：主语+am/is/a
18、re not going to do ；主语+will/shall not do+其他 5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.,八、 过去将来时1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 2.时间状语：The next day (morning, year),the following month(week),etc. 3.基本结构：主语+was/were +going to + do+其
19、他；主语+would/should + do+其他4.否定形式：主语+was/were/not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。 6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there .,九、将来完成时1.概念：在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态2.时间状语：by the time of; by the end of+时间短语（将来）;by the time+从
20、句（将来）3.基本结构：主语+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p（过去分词）+其他 4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.,十、现在完成进行时1.概念：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍在继续，并可能延续到将来。2.基本结构：主语+have/has +been +doing+其他3.时间状语：since+时间点，for+时间段等。4.例子：I have been sitting here for an h
21、our.The children have been watching TV since six oclock.,十一、 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般
22、过去时”的句型中。请看： A. He joined the League two years ago. B. He has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.,十二、 一般现在时与现在进行时的转换在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看： Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing.,十三、 现在进行时与一般将来时的转换在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看： The train is leaving soonThe train will leave soon,
