1、Text A, Unit one,Text Organization(I),I. Bakers feelings about English coursesIII. A topic that attracts Bakers attentionV. Bakers sudden desire to write about that topicVII. Mr. Fleagles announcementIX. What Baker discovered,II. Bakers impression of his new English teacher,IV. Vivid memories the ti
2、tle brought back,VI. Anticipating punishment,VIII. Classmates response to the essay,Text Organization (II),Part I (12): Baker was bored by everything associated with English courses, including essay writing.,Part III (69): The experience of writing the essay helped him discover his talent for writin
3、g and realize what he wished to do in life.,Part II (35): Baker found himself attracted by one particular topic and wrote about it for his own joy.,Language Analysis,In this part, we are going to handle the textual language from the perspective of lexical analysis combined with sentence paraphrasis.
4、,The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Bellvile, but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold.,Come to sb come to ones mind/head occur to strike,The thought of winning a lottery never came to me until recently.,The idea of bec
5、oming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Bellvile, but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold.,Off and on on and off from time to time now and again irregularly Cf. on and on,It has been raining on and off for a week. slept off and on last ni
6、ght. 昨晚时睡时醒 He talked on and on while I dozed on and off until a whole hour went away.,The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Bellvile, but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold.,take hold (become established),The idea of on
7、e child only has taken hold in many Chinese families. Take hold of the chance to quit smoking before the habit takes hold.,Cf. take hold of,The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Bellvile, but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility too
8、k hold.,Its not untilthat notuntil Not until,I didnt come to the conclusion that hard work leads to success until recently. Not until recently did I come to the conclusion that hard word leads to success.,Until then Id been bored by everything associated with English courses.,bore: make sb. feel tir
9、ed and lost interest bore sb. to death bore sb with/by sth,The speaker went on and on, and the audience grew bored by his lengthy speech.,bored/boring boredom Cf. bore & bear & born,Until then Id been bored by everything associated with English courses.,associate (vt.)with (connectwithin mind) assoc
10、iate (vi.) with sb. (keep company with sb.mess around with sb.make friends with sb.),He takes too much for granted that college life is associated with romance and amusement. Jim wished to forget everything associated with his former life Dont associate with dishonest boys.,I hated the assignments t
11、o turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.,turn out 1) to be discovered to be 2) to produce Cf. turn down/in/off/on/to,The beggar turned out to be a prince. 新电脑很快就会过时,因为有更新的电脑在不断出现. New computers are soon outdated since newer models are turned out
12、constantly.,I find it hard to her request. That official to be a corrupted bureaucrat. A consultant is a person whom you can in time of difficulty.,turn down,turned out,turn to,I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.,ago
13、ny n. (The suffering of intense physical or mental pain.) in agony,He was in an agony of remorse. 他处于极端悔恨之中,When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects.,assign assign sth to sb. assign sb to sth.,A lot of bor
14、ing work was assigned to me during the summer holiday.暑假里给我分配了许多无聊的工作. I never expected her to be so kind as to assign me to this highly paid position.我从未想到她会这么好, 让我去做这项高薪职位.,When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious o
15、f subjects.,anticipate+ sth/doing sth. Cf.anticipate, expect: anticipate:怀着喜悦或痛苦之心来预想； expect指怀着确信之心来期待。,We anticipate great pleasure from our visit to London. 我们期待伦敦之行过得非常愉快。 We anticipate hearing from you again. We are expecting to hear from you again.,When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle fo
16、r third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects.,tedious: long and tiring; uninteresting boring, dull, tiresome,A tedious debate/speech/speaker Tom found Mike to be tedious and decided not to see him any more.,Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for
17、 dullness and inability to inspire.,reputation have a reputation for establish/ build up/ make ones reputation (as) ruin/ / lose ones reputation,Jim Kerry has quite a reputation for his comic movies. Premier Zhu has established his reputation as a firm statesman. Rumors ruined his reputation complet
18、ely.,Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire.,inspire 1)鼓舞 2)给以灵感 inspiring & inspired & inspiration,Martin Luther King Jrs speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans. The natural scenery inspired the poet to turn out beautifu
19、l poems.,He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim.,formal cf. formal & former a formal dinner/dress/training,rigid: If he had been less rigid about things, his daughter would not have left home at such a young age.,H
20、e was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim.,syn. out of date & out of fashion & out-dated & old-fashioned cf. out of date & up to date & to date到此为止 & have a date,Only with technology can we maintain a fast development.
21、 Environmental pollution has yet to be resolved .,up-to-date,to date,He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim.,excessively cf. excessively 过分地& exceedingly非常地，极度地,They were excessively hospitable.他们过于殷勤。 They were ex
22、ceedingly hospitable.他们极为好客。 The children were well behaved. To spend can lead to bankruptcy.,exceedingly,excessively,He wore primly severe eyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed.,severe 1)completely plain朴素的 2)stern, strict严厉的，苛刻的 3)causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, et
23、c.严重的，剧烈的,Earnest Hemingway is known for his severe writing style. A severe teacher brings out outstanding students. The severe chest pain suffered by the old man turned out to be a heart attack.,I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed.,Paraphrase:
24、 I expected that things wouldnt improve with Mr. Fleagle as our English teacher, and for a long time I was right in my expectations.,Late in the year we tackled the informal essay.,tackle(deal with) tackle a difficulty / task / problem,老师提的问题是那样难，以致于学生们不知道怎么解决。The question set by the teacher was so
25、difficult that the pupils did not know how to tackle it. The classroom was quiet as students were busy tackling the final exam.,distribute (line 18),to divide and dispense in portions分发，分配 to spread over an area; scatter: 散布， distribute sth to/among sb/sth,The teacher_ exam papers to the class. The
26、job was _to an able employee. The estate will beamong the heirs继承人.,distributed,assigned,divided,Cf. assign & distribute & divide,To distribute books to/among students,due (line 21),1)expected or scheduled到期的 2)appropriate合适的 3)sufficient足够的,The paper is due next week. due esteem; all due respect. W
27、e have due cause to honor them.我们有充分的理由给予他们荣誉 This note will fall become due.这张票据要到期了,face up to (line 27),Pull yourself together and face up to life. Now that you have come to college, you have to face up to more fierce competition and manage to stay high. Cf. face up to & be faced with He his trou
28、bles manfully男子汉气概地。 He an exceptionally difficult situation.,faced up to,was faced with,sequence (line 24),sequence: connected line of events, ideas, etc.adj. sequentialin/out of sequencein sequence of date:按日期a sequence of,e.g. 1.A sequence of bad harvests forced some African countries to ask for
29、foreign aid. 2. The fall of the Roman Empire was written in historical sequence. 3. Please keep the numbered cards in sequence. Dont mix them up. 4. New employees had to attend a sequence of meetings.,image (line 24),image: a picture formed in the mind,e.g. 1. Many pop stars try to improve their pub
30、lic image by participating in charity events.(形象，声誉）2. Through months of letter writing John formed an image of his pen pal.（印象）3.Shes appreciating her image in the mirror.(影象）4.The drama is the image of life.(写照，象征）,Vivid memoriesspaghetti for supper.,vivid: able to produce sharp clear pictures in
31、the mind; lifelikevividly, vividness 搭配: a vivid memory/imagination/ description/dream/ performance,e.g. 1. The incident left a vivid impression on me.(生动的，深刻的）2.The vivid green of leaves in spring is my favorite color.(鲜艳的）,flood,1) v. tr. To fill with an abundance or an excess: 充斥 e.g. flood the m
32、arket with cheap foreign goods. 市场上充斥着廉价的外国货 2)v. intr. to pour forth; overflow流入e.g. 1. Letters of congratulations flooded in.2.The bright morning sun flooded into the bedroom.(泻入） 3)n. An abundant flow or outpouring e.g. a flood of applications/tears/words泪如泉涌/口若悬河 The sunlight began to as I opene
33、d the window. The penthouse books and toys.The company received complaints about its product quality.,flood in,was flooded with,a flood of,experience v.recollect(usu.followd by noun/gerund,or that-clause) e.g. 1.I recognize the face but cant recall her name.,argument,argument: 论据，论点；争论argument with
34、sb about/over sth; for/against sth; win/lose an argument,e.g. 1.There are strong arguments for and against euthanasia安乐死.2. Mary found that compromise was always the best policy when she had an argument with her husband.,respectable,respectable可敬的，有名望的respectful尊敬人的，有礼貌的respective: of or for each on
35、e分别的，各自的,e.g. 1.The teacher is respectable to his students. 2.The students are respectful to their teacher. 3.It was apparent that they had disgraced themselves and their respective parents.,It was a momentfor myself.,recapture &capture,e.g. 1.The prisoner escaped so the guards set out to recapture
36、him.(重新抓住）2.In this film, we try to recapture the atmosphere of Victorian London.(回想起，重新体会）3. We capture butterflies with a net.,violate,violate:vt. e.g. 1.These findings appear to violate the laws of physics(违反）2. The scream violates the peace of the campus.(扰乱，妨碍）violation:n(c)e.g. The driver was
37、fined for a speeding violation.violent adj.=violent death :Many political leaders have met violent death.(遭事故杀害致死）,compose,compose: e.g. 1.He is composing a poem rather than simply writing words on paper.(创作）2. The book is composed of 29 chapters.(组成，构成）,be composed of (usu.passive)consist of (usu.a
38、ctive)composition:写作，作曲（指动作，un）；作文，曲子（指作品，cn）；构成，组成（cn）component：1.A component has to be replaced in the stereo system.(组成部分，零件, cn）2.Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.(a.),command,e.g. 1.Her command were quickly obeyed.(n.命令) 2.He has a good command of English.(运用能力） 3. The office
39、r commanded his men to fire.(v.命令) 4.She commands a large vocabulary.(v.掌握）,command sb to do sthcommand that-clause(虚拟）He commanded me to go at once.=He commanded that I (should) go at once.,discipline,discipline1. The teacher cannot keep discipline in her classroom.(纪律） 2. All children need discipl
40、ine.（训导） 3.Teachers should consider discipline for students carefully.（处分） 4. We have scientists of many disciplines in our research center.（学科） 5. Parents have to discipline their children.（v.管教）,6. He was disciplined for arriving late.（v.受罚）,contempt: 轻视，轻蔑have/hold sb. in contemptHe made such a s
41、tupid mistake that I hold him in contempt.contempt for sb/sth They used to have(feel) a contempt for American southerners.,Hold back,1) keep back 2)suppress 3)hesitate tears/smile/information,Most of us were either crying or doing our best to hold back tears. I can see you are holding certain things
42、 back, things you havent said. She couldnt quite say what it was that held her back.,avoid,avoid: 1.You should avoid being late for your class.(避免） 2. I wonder why he always avoids my eyes.(避开）avoidable: Such shortcomings are hardly avoidable.,avoid sth/ doing sthI drove fast to avoid being overtake
43、n.,delight n. & v.,delight: pleasure take/find (a) delight in喜爱 to ones delight with delight delight in sth/doing sth be delighted to do sth,delights in taking long walks.喜爱远距离散步 I was delighted to be invited to her party.我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会。,demonstrate:vt.(用实验或实例)说明论证.to demonstrate a theory/experiment/
44、proposition命题/law定律 vi. demonstrate for/against示威（赞成或反对） They demonstrated against rent increases.Career： build/begin/choose ones career prepare oneself for acareerat the eleventh hour: the last moment before sth important happens在最后时刻 The presidents visit was called off at the eleventh hour.,as it
45、were: so to speak可以说是, as it was/is: in fact事实上; 象现在这样 e.g. He is, as it were, a walking dictionary. 他可以说是一个活字典. As it was, he had no sense of humor. 他其实没有幽默感.seal: n.封条,图章;vt.密封set a seal on确定下来；正式结束,essence:the most important ingredient要素in essence: essentially本质上；实质的The two arguments are in essen
46、ce the same. essential to/for sth Food is essential to life.食物是维持生命不可或缺的。congratulation: congratulations on sth I congratulated my friend on her birthday. She congratulated him on/upon his promotion.,not(no)but,There was no choice next morning but to turn in my tale of the Belleville supper. Then so
47、mebody laughed, then the entire class was laughing, and not in contempt and ridicule, but with open-hearted enjoyment.,Homework：翻译,Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didnt know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to )walk again. One day, while scan
48、ning (through) books, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan made up her mind to read as much as she could, and whats more, she wanted to write stories about her own childhood. Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life.,
