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七年级英语下册 知识导学 Revision module B词句精讲精练 (新版)外研版.doc

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1、1Revision module B词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. strictstrict 是形容词,意为“严格的,严厉的”,可作表语也可作定语。be strict with sb.,意为“对某人严格要求” ;be strict in (doing) sth., 意为“对(做)某事严格要求” 。例如:Our teacher is very strict with us and is strict in his work. 我们老师对我们很严格,对他的工作也要求很严。2. boring & boredboring 是形容词,意为“令人厌烦的” ,一般用来说明事物的特征。bored 也是形容词,意为“

2、感到厌烦的” ,一般用来说明人的感受。英语中,带-ing 的形容词,用来形容事物,指某事物的性质、特征,意为“令人的, 让人的” ,常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed 的是用来形容人的,意为“感到的,使人的” ,其主语常是人。例如:Im bored with the movie. 我对这部电影厌烦了。The movie is boring. 这个电影令人厌烦。3. pick pick 意为“采,摘” ,常用于词组“pick up” ,意为“拾起,捡起”, 当宾语为代词时,宾语应放在 pick 和 up 中间;当宾语为名词时,宾语可放中间,也可放在后面。例如:There is a book

3、 on the playground, please pick it up. 地上有一本书,请捡起它。Bob stopped to pick up a pen. = Bob stopped to pick a pen up. Bob 停下来,捡起来地上的一支钢笔。【拓展】pick up 还可以意为“搭载,开车去接,偶然学会,获得”等。例如:The school bus stopped and picked up some students.校车停下来,搭载了一些乘客。I picked up English when I played with the American children.我和美

4、国小孩儿玩的时候不经意间学会了英语。 4. either, alsotoo 三者都有也的意思,但用法各有不同,具体用法如下:(1)either 用于否定句且置于句末,意为“也(不) ”,其前用逗号隔开。例如:He cant dance. I cant swim, either. 他不会跳舞,我也不会。 (2)also 也,用在肯定句中间,位于 be 动词、助动词或情态动词后,行为动词前。例如:We also like listening to music. 我们也喜欢听音乐。(3)too 也,用在陈述句末,常用逗号隔开。例如:He has a lot of pen pals, too. 他也有

5、很多笔友。5. point at / point topoint at 意为“(用手指等)指” 。point at 可以分开用, point sth. at sb. 意为“把某物指向某人,用某物瞄准某人” 。point at 中的 at 也可以替换为 to,但是意思有所不同。point at 多用于指具体的东西,point to 则用于指远处的东西。at/to 后既2可以接表示“人”的名词,也可以接表示“物”的名词。例如:The guide pointed to the mountain in distance. 导游指着远处的一座山。Dont point at me! 不要指着我!6. as

6、 well asas well as 意为“也,还有,而且”,用来连接两个并列的相同成分,如名词、形容词、动词或介词,通常不位于句首。as well as 连接的虽然是两个并列成分,但强调重点在前面,不在后面,因此它在连接主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上与前一项保持一致。例如:Living things need air and sunlight as well as water. 生物不仅需要水,还需要空气和阳光。The apples,as well as the milk,are in the fridge. 苹果,还有牛奶,都在冰箱里。7. such asfor examplesuch as

7、 意为“例如” ,用来罗列同类人或物中的几个例子,可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,但 such as 后边不能用逗号。 for example 也意为“例如” ,但是强调“举例”说明,而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语,且用逗号隔开。for example 可置于句首、句中或句末。例如:English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.许多国家说英语,如澳大利亚、加拿大等。Many students like playing computer games,for example,Mike.

8、许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏,比如迈克。8. laughsmile (1)laugh 是一个动词,意为“大笑” ,指哈哈大笑或者出声的笑,常伴有动作,表示高兴、快乐、嘲笑等。例如:At that moment, everyone began laugh and sing. 那时大家开始又唱又笑。(2)smile 意为“微笑” ,指无声的笑,重在笑容,表示愉快、亲切、友好等。例如:The man smiled and immediately went out. 那人微微一笑便出去了。9. lively,alive,liveliving这四个词都可用作形容词,异同点如下:(1)lively 常用作定语或

9、表语, “充满活力的,活泼的,有生气的” 。例如:What a lively girl she is! 多么活泼的一个女孩儿啊!(2)alive 常作表语或后置定语, “有生命的,活的” 。例如:The bird is still alive. 那只鸟还活着。(3)live 作定语, “活的,有生命的(主要用来指鸟或其他动物) ;现场的,直播的” 。例如:Look! These is a live fish in the pool.看!池子里有一条活鱼。(4)living 意为“活的,健在的” 。例如:Is the old man still living? 那老人还健在吗?10. hear

10、sb. do sth.hear sb. do sth.表示“听到某人经常做某事或做某事的全过程(已完成) ”,hear sb. doing sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事(正在进行) ”。例如:I usually hear someone sing in her room. 我经常听到有人在房间里唱歌。【拓展】(1)hear of 意为“听说” ,后面接名词,代词或动名词。例如:I have never heard of him. 我从来没有听说过他。(2)hear from sb.意为“收到某人的来信” ,与 receive a letter from sb.意思相3同。例如:I hear

11、d from my mother yesterday.= I received a letter from my mother yesterday. 昨天我收到了妈妈的来信。11. sound, noise voice(1)sound 这个词的使用范围很大,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用 sound 来表示。例如:At midnight he heard a strange sound. 半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。(2)voice 一般指人的声音,说话、唱歌等人发出的声响都可以用 voice 表示。例如:My mother has beautiful voice. 我妈妈有很美的嗓音。(3)n

12、oise 意为“噪音” ,专指人们不喜欢或者不愿意听到的声音。它的形容词是noisy,意为“吵闹的” 。例如:Dont make so much noise! 别这么吵闹!12. make sb. + adj.make 作使役动词,意为“使;让”讲时,常构成 make + 宾语(sb./sth.) + 形容词/名词(作宾补) ,即 make sb. / sth. + adj./n.。例如:The news made us exciting. 这个消息让我们兴奋。 【拓展】make 作使役动词,还可后接省略 to 的动词不定式,即:make sb. do sth. 意为“使/让某人做某事” ,类

13、似的动词还有 let,have 等。例如:The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。They made us forget the time. 他们使我们忘记了时间。词汇精练I. 汉译英。1. 在一个小村庄_ 2. 对某人很友好_ 3. 迷路_ 4. 向四周看_ 5. 在末尾_ 6. 的首都_II. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. We are s_ with ourselves.2. I dont like the movie because its very b_.3. My mother is cooking in the k

14、_ now.4. Xu Li with his friends p_ waste paper in the park every Sunday. 5. The teacher p_ at the map and told us where the USA is.6. I dont like the music and my brother doesnt like it, e_.7. She had a warm s_ on her face.8. My mother likes to listen to Beijing O_.9. Do you like r_ music?10. There

15、are many m_ machines in the big factory.III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. The little girl looks forward to _ (play) with snow.2. One day man may _ (live) on the moon.3. We have three _ (dictionary) in the case.4. These are _ (photo) of our teacher.5. He gives me money as _(good) as food.6. I often hear him _ (si

16、ng ) in the next room.7. Its too _ (noise) here. Lets find a quiet place to talk about 4it.8. My mother often makes me _ (do) much homework.9. Sally is a _ (live) girl.10. Do you like traditional _ (west) music or pop music?参考答案I汉译英。1. in a small village 2. be friendly to sb. 3. be lost 4. look arou

17、nd5. at the end of 6. the capital ofII. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. strict 2. boring 3. kitchen 4. picks 5. pointed 6. either 7. smile 8. Opera 9. rock 10. modernIII. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. playing 2. live 3. dictionaries 4. photos 5. well6. sing 7. noisy 8. do 9. lively 10. western句式精讲1. There were/was (1)There be

18、.句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物” ,其结构为There be+名词+地点状语。例如:There are many students in our school.我们学校有很多学生。There is a pencil in my pencil-case. 我的笔袋里有一支钢笔。(2)否定句:There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上“not” 。也可用“no”来表示。即:no + n.(名词)= not aanany + n.(名词) 。例如:There werent any books in her bag. =There were no book

19、s in her bag. 她的包里没有书。(3)一般疑问句:There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。例如:There are some flowers on the desk. (肯定句)桌子上有些花。 Are there any flowers on the desk?(一般疑问句)桌子上有些花吗?2. It was great to play there.It is +形容词. +(for sb)to do sth. 表示“做某事(对某人来说)怎么样” 。这里it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth。 great是表语形容词,类似

20、用法的形容词有很多,important,good,interesting,easy等。例如:It is good for you to do exercises every day. 每天锻炼对你有好处。It is interesting for me to play games. 玩游戏很有趣。It is easy to learn English. 学英语很容易。3. Then she notices a little house notice sb. do sth.意为“注意到某人做某事” ;notice sb. doing sth.意为“注意到某人正在做某事” 。二者的区别为:noti

21、ce sb. do sth.强调注意到的是全过程;notice sb. doing sth.强调注意到的是进行中的动作。例如:5On my way to school, I noticed a man stealing something in a shop. 在上学的路上,我注意到一个人在商店里偷东西。Just now I noticed him enter the supermarket. 刚才我看到他进了超市。4. Finally , she tried the small chair. (1)try to do sth.指“尽量干某事” ,否定形式为“try not to do sth

22、.” 。try doing sth.意为“试着干某事” 。例如:He tries to study English well. 她努力学好英语。I may try practicing English every day. 你可以试着每天练习英语。(2)try ones best 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事” ,相当于 do ones best。例如:We should try / do our best to practice English. 我们应该尽最大努力去练习英语。5. be (well) worth doingbe (well) worth doing 意为“(非常)值得做” 。

23、worth 此处为形容词,意为“值得” 。worth 后的动名词与句子的主语有动宾关系,但该动名词只能用主动形式表示被动意义。be worthy of doing sth.意为“值得做某事” ;be worthy to do sth.意为“值得做某事” 。例如:The book is well worth watching. 这本书很值得一看。He is worthy of filling the post. 这个职位他当之无愧。There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned. 没有值得一提的事发生。6. How long did

24、it take to get there?(1)how long 意为“多长时间” ,询问某一动作或状态持续了多久,故句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的连系动词。例如:How long do you watch TV? 你看电视多长时间了?How long can I keep the book? 这本书我可以借多久?【拓展】辨析:how often, how soon 与 how long词语 词义 用法 答语特征how often 多久一次 询问动作的频率 often, twice a week 等how soon 多快,过多久 询问时间多快 in+ 一段时间how long 多久

25、 询问时间多久 for/about+一段时间(2)take 意为“花费” ,常用结构为:It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“做某事需要花费某人多长时间” 。take 在此意为“花费” ,it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式 to do sth.,对时间提问时用 How long does it take? 例如:It took me half an hour to finish the work. 完成这项工作花了我半小时。How long does it take you from your home to school? 从学校到你家要花多长时间?

26、7. not at allnot at all 意为“根本不,一点也不” ,也可分开使用 notat all,用于否定句中,加强语气。例如:He doesnt like P.E. at all. 他根本不喜欢体育。6【拓展】Not at all.在口语中经常用到,有以下用法:(1)用来表示否定(是 No 的加强说法) ,表示“一点也不,完全不” 。例如: Are you tired? 你累吗? Not at all. 一点也不累。(2)用于回答感谢,表示“不用谢;不客气” 。例如: Thank you very much. 非常感谢。 Not at all. 别客气。(3)用于回答带有感谢性质

27、的客套话,表示“没什么;哪里,哪里” 。例如: You are very kind. 你真好。 Not at all. 没什么。(4)用于回答道歉,表示“没关系” 。例如: Im sorry Im late. 对不起,我迟到了。 Oh, not at all. Come in, please. 哦,没关系,请进。8. What a beautiful city!该句是感叹句的省略句。感叹句是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。感叹句一般用how或者what开头,句末加感叹号。what修饰名词,how修饰形容词或副词。具体句式如下:(1)what引导的感叹句:1)What a(an)形容词可数名词

28、的单数形式主语谓语!What a clever boy he is!多么聪明的小男孩啊!2)What形容词可数名词的复数形式主语谓语! What interesting books the children are reading! 孩子们读的书多么有趣啊!3)What形容词不可数名词主语谓语! What cold weather it is! 多冷的天!(2)how引导的感叹句:1)How形容词或副词主语谓语! How lovely the baby is! 这孩子真可爱!(lovely 为形容词)How fast he runs! 他跑地多快啊!(fast 为副词)2) How形容词a(a

29、n)可数名词的单数形式主语谓语! How heavy a box they are carrying! 他们抬的箱子多重啊!3)How主语谓语! How time flies! 时间过得多快!句式精练I. 句型转换,每空一词。1. We were at school yesterday. (改为否定句)We _ _ at school yesterday.2. They talked about the film a moment ago. (改为一般疑问句)_ they _ _ the film a moment ago?3. Theyll come back in two weeks. (

30、对划线部分提问)_ _ will they come back?4. We travelled by train. (对划线部分提问)_ _ you travel?5. It took her half an hour to clean the room. (对划线部分提问)7_ _ _ it _ her to clean the room?6. I did some shopping yesterday. (改为同义句)I _ _ yesterday.7. You like pop music, _ _? (完成反意疑问句)8. My sister like rock music. (用 p

31、op music 改为选择疑问句)_ your sister _ rock music _ pop music?9. Its a beautiful city it is! (改为感叹句)_ a beautiful city it is !10. The weather is fine today. (改为感叹句)_ _ the weather is!II. 根据汉语提示完成句子,每空一词。1. 办公室里有两个老师一个学生。There _ two teachers and a student _ the _.2. 在大海里游泳是危险的。Its _ _ _ in the sea.3. 我们老师对

32、我们非常友好。Our teacher is _ _ _ us.4. 他过去的生活怎么样?_ his past life _?5. 我注意到他正在房间里读报纸。I_ him _ newspapers in the room.6. 他努力爬那棵树,但是失败了。He _ _ _ the tree, but failed.7. 这首歌很值得一听。The song is _ _ _ _.8. 我根本不喜欢地理。I _ _ geography _ _.9. 北京是中国的政治和文化中心。Beijing is _ _ _ the politics and culture of China.10. 他写了数百部

33、书。He wrote _ _ books.III. 从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话(有两项是多余的) 。AWhen shall we meet?BWhy do you like the CD?CWhere shall we meet?DWhat do you think of the CD?EWhat are you doing here?FMay I come and dance with you?GWhats the name of it?A: Hello,Jack! 1_B: Im listening to my favourite CDA: 2_B:Its Dance, Dance,

34、Dance.8A: 3._B: Because the music is great and you can dance with itA: 4_B: Thats great! What about this weekend?A: Certainly! 5_B: In the Dancing Club!A: OK,see you thenB: See you!参考答案 I. 句型转换,每空一词。1. were not 2. Did,talk about 3. How soon 4. How did 5. How long did, take 6. went shopping 7. dont you 8. Does, like, or9. What 10. How fineII. 根据汉语提示完成句子,每空一词。1. are, in, office 2. dangerous to swim 3. very friendly to 4. Whats, like5. noticed, reading 6. tried to climb 7. well worth listening to 8. dont like, at all9. the centre of 10. hundreds of III. 补全对话。1. E 2. G 3. B 4.F 5.C

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