1、人教版必修 3狂刷 14 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the starsI. 根据下列汉语或首字母提示填写单词。1. This portable video game _(系统)allows you to have fun wherever you are.2.Many people there disagreed with the new_(理论).3.What he knows about_(天文学)is out of date.4.Scientists have unlocked the secret of the_(原子).5.We cannot_(
2、生存)without air, food and water.6.A v _ storm had struck the area.7.It is h _ to your health to drink too much.8.A person, u _ a machine, is not replaceable.9.We are planning to travel around the g _.10.A r_is a particular system of belief in a god or gods and the activities that are connected with t
3、his system.【参考答案】1. system 2. theory 3.astronomy 4.atom 5. exist 6. violent 7. harmful 8. unlike 9. globe 10. religion II. 完成句子1. 什么也不能阻止我们执行这个计划。Nothing can_ _ _carrying out the plan.2.如果母鸡下了蛋，请告诉我。If the hens_ _, please tell me.3.10 月 17 日上午 9 时 25 分，她生下一个漂亮的小女孩。At 9：25 am, on October 17 she_ _ _a
4、 beautiful baby girl.4.我本来打算赶早班的火车，但是最终我起晚了。I intended to catch the early train, but I got up late_ _.5.女孩对老师给出的问题迷惑不解。The girl_ _ _the question given by her teacher.6.我们学生每天轮流打扫教室。We students clean the classroom every day_ _.7.昨天下午大雨阻止了我们去公园。The heavy rain yesterday afternoon. (prevent)8._ (哪个班级会贏得
5、这场足球赛) is still a mystery.9.你知道宇宙是如何形成的吗?Do you know how the universe ?(existence)10.This big stone _ as heavy as that one. (time)这块大石头是那块 (石头) 的三倍重。【参考答案】1. prevent us from 2. lay eggs 3. gave birth to 4. in time 5. was puzzled about 6.in turn 7. prevented us (from) going to the park 8. Which class
6、 will win the football match 9. came into existence10. is three timesIII. 用所给词的正确形式填空1. (like) most people in the office who come to work by car, I usually come to work by bus.2. We live in a (globe) village, but this doesnt mean that we all behave in the same way.3. Do you believe the of ghosts? Pe
7、rhaps they only in the minds of some people.(exist)4. Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more . Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use whatever happens.(violent)5. There was a _ look on the little girls face because a _ problem _ her. (puzzle)6. Playing computer ga
8、mes will not only do _ to your physical health, but it is also _ to your mental health. So there is no _ in advising you to give it up.(harm)7. To us the whole _ (global) is like a family.8. He often says that he doesnt believe in any _ (religious) and only believes in himself.9. The customers have
9、_ (multiply) their demands on this kind of products in the past two years.10. We need many powerful _ (system).【参考答案】1. Unlike 2. global 3. existence; exist 4. violent; violence5. puzzled; puzzling; puzzled 6. harm; harmful; harm 7. globe8. religion 9. multiplied 10. systemsIV. 单项填空1. _ you do will
10、be right because you are a wise and responsible man.A. What B. Which C. Whichever D. Whatever【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：无论你做什么事都是正确的，因为你是一位有智慧且负责的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个主语从句，在从句中作宾语，再结合句意可知此处应用 Whatever。22. _ Mark Zuckerberg runs the worlds biggest social network Facebook, he is a very private person.A. Now that
11、 B. Even though C. So long as D. In case【答案】B3.Why did you call the police?I went back home and saw a fighting_ near my house.A. breaking up B. breaking down C. breaking in D. breaking out【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。你为什么报警?当我回家时,我看见我家附近有人打了起来。break up粉碎；break down出故障； break in强行进入； break out爆发。根据句意可知，D 项正确。4.
12、_life will continue on the earth will depend on _ global warming can be solved.A. Whether； if B. If； whether C. If； if D. Whether； whether【答案】D【解析】考查 whether 和 if 的区别。第一空所填词用于引导主语从句,且从句位于句首,故只能用whether； 第二空所填词用于引导宾语从句,该从句作介词 on 的宾语,也只能用 whether。结合选项可知答案为 D。5.Ouch, Mum, I have a great pain on my back
13、._.A.Let me see B. Dont worry C. Be careful D. Let me have a look【答案】D【解析】考查情景交际。哎呦，妈妈，我的背很痛。让我看看。孩子背痛，妈妈肯定要给孩子提供帮助。所以答案选 D。这里考生容易误选 A 项，但该项意为让我想一想，不符合语境。6.The naughty boy_ to his mother that the eggs were_ by himself.A. lied； lay B. lied； laid C. lay； laid D. lying； laid【答案】B7.The two experts worke
14、d at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours_.A.at length B. on end C.in full D.in time【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这两位专家连续工作了三个小时为新词典写前言。on end连续地，不断地，符合句意。at length最后，详尽地；in full全部；in time及时。8._she had forgotten to take her notebook.A. That occurred to her B. She occurred thatC
15、. To her that occurred D. It occurred to her that【答案】D【解析】句意：她想起来她忘了带笔记本。it 是形式主语，从句 that she had forgotten to take her notebook 是真正的主语。occur to sb 意思是某人想到。 9.Thank God youre safe!I stepped back, just _ to avoid the racing car. A.in time B.in case C.in need D.in vain【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。谢天谢地,你安全了!我向后退了
16、一步，正好及时避过了赛车。in time 意为及时； in case 意为万一,假使；in need 意为需要；in vain 意为徒劳,无济于事。根据语境可知 A 项正确。10.The newspaper says that a prize will be given to_ solves the word puzzle.A. those B. anyone C. whoever D. whomever【答案】CI. 阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。The oddness of life in space never quite goes awa
17、y. Here are some examples.First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look
18、 of a funny balled(芭蕾) dancer. Im an inside guy, Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. I like to be wrapped up.On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With
19、no gravity, its just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气) has a tendency
20、to form an invisible(隐形的) cloud around your head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,Your inner ear thinks youre falling. Meanwhile your ey
21、es are telling you youre standing straight. That can be annoying thats why some people feel sick. Within a couple of days truly terrible days for some astronauts brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.Space travel can be so delightful but at the
22、same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. Thats why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any in
23、dividual astronaut healthy. NASA is worried about two things: recovery time once astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.1. What is the major challenge to astronauts when
24、they sleep in space?A. Deciding on a proper sleep position.B. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag.C. Seeking a way to fall asleep quickly.D. Finding a right time to go to sleep.2. The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when _.A. they circle around on their bikesB. they use microco
25、mputers without a stop C. they exercise in one place for a long timeD. they watch a movie while pedaling3. Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _.A. their senses stop workingB. they have to stand up straightC. they float out of their seats unexpectedlyD. their b
26、rains receive contradictory messages4. One of the NASAs major concerns about astronauts is _.A. how much exercise they do on the stationB. how they can remain healthy for long in spaceC. whether they can recover after returning homeD. whether they are able to go back to the station1. A 【 解析】 细节理解题。根
27、据第二段第一、二句First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges.可知在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势。故选 A 项。2. C 【解析 】细节理解题。根据第三段中的But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.
28、可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选 C 项。3. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的Your inner ear thinks youre falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight. That can be annoying thats why some people feel sick.可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选 D 项。【试题分析】 阅读理解材料开阔，内含丰富。随着人类第一次登月成功，人类对宇宙的探索越来越深入。而载人航天器可以将人类带至其他星球。那么
29、，航天器、空间站上宇航员的生活是什么样的呢？本篇是关于太空空间站的日常生活的奇特之处的，将大家感兴趣或者感觉很神秘的宇航员在空间站的日常生活展现在大家面前。II.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman. But 1 apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 2 .Jordan Axani,
30、 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May, but their 3 ended and he did not want her ticket to 4 . The ticket had a strict no-transfer（不可转让） 5 , but since passport information was not required when 46 , any Canadian Elizab
31、eth Gallagher can 7 it. I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 8 a lot of joy, said Axani. He posted his 9 on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 10 passports. More 11 , there are hundreds
32、 of Canadians who are interested in 12 their name to Elizabeth Gallagher, Axani said. It was absolutely out of 13 , thousands of e-mails, people around the world 14 their stories of travel.Axani wrote in his post that he is not 15 anything in return and that the woman who uses the 16 ticket can choo
33、se to either travel with him or 17 the ticket and travel on her own.The 18 is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before 19 in Toronto on January 8. He said the 20 woman will be announced on the website and the trip will b
34、e shared online.1. A. benefits B. deposits C. restrictions D. examinations2. A. origin B. passport C. accent D. friend3. A. holiday B. marriage C. dream D. relationship4. A. go to waste B. come to mind C. go on sale D. come into effect 5. A. policy B. order C. payment D. schedule6. A. applying B. bo
35、oking C. checking D. bargaining7. A. use B. borrow C. choose D. buy8. A. sacrifice B. express C. experience D. provide9. A. answer B. advice C. offer D. comment10. A. same B. right C. new D. real11. A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing12. A. writing B. giving C. lending D. changing
36、13. A. touch B. question C. date D. control14. A. admiring B. advertising C. sharing D. doubting15. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with 16. A. single B. strange C. regular D. extra17. A. return B. take C. reserve D. hide18. A. interview B. program C. trip D. meeting19. A. ending B. c
37、alling C. repeating D. staying20. A. honored B. lovely C. intelligent D. lucky【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后，希望免费赠送自己为女朋友购买的环球航空旅行机票的故事，体现了年轻人无私的精神。2. B 【解析】考查名词。A. origin 来源；B. passport 护照；C. accent 口音；D. friend 朋友。根据第三段中的 including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 50 passports 可
38、知，申请人需要有加拿大的护照。故选 B。3. D 【解析】考查名词。A. holiday 假期；B. marriage 婚姻；C. dream 梦想；D. relationship关系。根据下文 Jordan Axani 转让机票可知他和女朋友关系结束了。4. A 【解析】考查动词短语。A. go to waste 浪费；B. come to mind 想到；C. go on sale 开始销售；D. come into effect 开始生效。根据下文 I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a l
39、ot of joy可知他之所以想把票赠送给同名的人，目的是不想浪费掉机票。故选 A。5. A 【解析】考查名词。A. policy 政策；B. order 命令；C. payment 付款；D. schedule 计划，时间表。机票都是实名制，而且不可以转让，根据常识和语境可知这是一种政策。故选 A。7. A 【解析】 考查动词。A. use 使用；B. borrow 借用；C. choose 选择；D. buy 购买。根据上文的介绍可知，因为护照信息没有登记，所以任何一个名叫 Elizabeth Gallagher，而且拥有加拿大护照的人都可以用这张机票。8. C 【解析】考查动词。A. s
40、acrifice 牺牲；B. express 表达；C. experience 经历；D. provide 提供。人们如果能免费环球旅行，当然会享受到很多的乐趣。9. C 【解析】考查名词。A. answer 答案；B. advice 建议；C. offer 提议；D. comment 评论。根据上文可知 Jordan Axani 在社交网站上贴出的是自己的提议，即免费赠送机票。10. B 【解析】考查形容词。A. same 同样的；B. right 正确的；C. new 新的；D. real 真的。根据空前的 actual Elizabeth Gallaghers 以及文章首段对申请这张免费
41、机票的要求可知，这里是指申请者中包括 30 位同名且拥有正确护照的人。11. A 【解析】考查形容词。A. interesting 有趣的； B. annoying 令人恼火的；C. satisfying 令人满意的；D. convincing 令人信服的。根据空后的内容可知有数百人想改名字，这当然是一件很有趣的事情。12. D 【解析】 考查动词。A. writing 写；B. giving 给；C. lending 借出；D. changing 改变。根据上文可知申请的要求是需要和 Jordan Axani 前女友同名，所以有人甚至想改名字。13. D 【解析】考查名词。A. touch
42、触动；B. question 问题；C. date 日期；D. control 控制。根据后句内容可知，世界上的很多人都知道这件事，如果允许人们改名字的话，那么事情就会无法控制。14. C 【解析】 考查动词。A. admiring 羡慕；B. advertising 广告；C. sharing 分享；D. doubting 怀疑。根据上文可知 Jordan Axani 收到了数千封邮件，所以很多人都分享他们的旅行故事。15. B 【 解析】考查动词。A. leaving 离开；B. looking for 寻找；C. losing 失去；D. dealing with 对付。根据文章首段的首
43、句可知 Jordan Axani 是免费送给别人他多余的票，而不求回报。16. D 【解析 】考查形容词。A. single 单一的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. regular 定期的；D. extra 额外的。根据第二段可知 Jordan Axani 在和女朋友分手后，女朋友的机票就是多余出来的了。17. B 【解析 】考查动词。A. return 回去；B. take 拿走；C. reserve 保留；D. hide 隐藏。根据空后内容 and travel on her own 可知，申请到票的人可以和他一起旅行，也可以拿着票自己去旅行。20. D 【解析】考查形容词。A. ho
44、nored 感到光荣的；B. lovely 可爱的；C. intelligent 聪明的；D. lucky 幸运的。文章介绍了 Jordan Axani 免费赠送环球旅行的机票的故事，所以能选上的人是幸运的人。III.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The woman often called the First Lady of New York died on August. Brooke Astor was one hundred and five years old. The extremely wealthy and famous New Y
45、orker spent much of her life 1 (help) the needy in her beloved city.She was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She was the only child of a high level military officer. After two earlier 2 (marry) ，she married Vincent Astor in 1953 again. He came from a family 3 had been rich for least one hundred ye
46、ars. Among other things, he owed many buildings in New York City. Brooke Astor became one of the 4 (rich) women in the world when Vincent Astor died. She also became head of a huge charity organization 5 (found) by her husband. He repeatedly had told her she would have fun giving 6 his money. And ap
47、parently she did. Miss Astor gave tens of millions of dollars 7 (main) to places and people in New York City. She said it was the sensible choice because that was 8 the money had been made. She gave financial support to the citys cultural centers, the poor and disabled as 9 as to many other smaller charities. When she died, the mayor of New York said the city would not be what it is today 10 her support.【文章大意】本文讲述了一位乐善好施的女士给予了纽约文化中心、穷人、残疾人和其他小的慈善团体很多资金上的支持。纽约市长对她给予了高度评价。1.helpin
