1、 第 1 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】代词专项【考点归纳】1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法;2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法;3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法;4 常见不定代词的一般用法;5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法;6. 相互代词的基本用法;7. 疑问代词的基本用法。8. 关系代词的基本用法。【专题讲解】一、代词分类代词是代替名词、
2、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词、关系代词等二代词基本用法及考点Whenever you have an aim you must sacrifice something of freedom to attain it.第 2 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】人 称 单 复 数 主格 宾格 形 容 词性 物主代词名 词 性物主
3、代词反身代词单数 I me My Mine Myself第一人称复数 we us our ours ourselves单数 you you your yours yourself第二人称复数 you you your yours yourselveshe him his his himselfShe her her hers herself单数it it Its 无 itself第三人称复数 they them their theirs themselves试体会下列人称代词的用法：（1）he seated himself at the back of the classroom.（反身代词只
4、作宾语、同位语和表语）（2）Please help yourself to some fish.（3）Sometimes he doesnt believe in himself.-（4）Who is knocking at the door？ Its me.（5）The poor boy was himself.（6）This book is mine， not his.（7）Hes an old friend of mine， not hers.（8）You， he and i have worked together for ten years.（注意人称代词的顺第 3 页 共 15 页
5、【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】序）（9）Nice to see you here. me， too.（这里不能用 I：我也如此。）（10）All of us should learn from them all.（一）人称代词1、基本用法1）作主语用主格。 作宾语用宾格。 作表语多用宾格。We meet him in the street yesterday.-Who is it? - Its me.注：在 but,
6、except, than , as 之后，可用主格或宾格，句义不变。Im as tall as she(her).2）she 可以代表“ 国家， 船只， 大地， 月亮”。 he 指“太阳” 。China has risen. She in no longer what she used to be.3) 排列顺序 （单数人称： 二 三 一； 复数人称：一 二 三）You, he and I should do that. We, you and they must help each other in our studies.注：在承担责任、错误时，顺序为一 二 三。I and my sist
7、er are to blame.2、考点1）作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。Does any of you know where Tom lives? Me.What! Me (to)play him at chess? No!2）it 的用法及习惯搭配。第 4 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】（二）物主代词代词中第一个“ 小个性” 就是物主代
8、词。像 my 和 mine 这两个小冤家总是让人分不清谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别my 的后面一定要接名词，不可以单独出现，只能做定语，如：my father;而 mine 则是名词性，只能单独出现，在句中做主语和表语。如：Mine is green. Its mine. 记住这两个句子，凡是名词性物主代词(yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs) 就都可以放在 mine 的位置上了。这样，通过它们出现的位置不同，我们就可以把它们区别开了。1. 基本用法1）形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只作定语， 不作表语。My hometown, his school
9、, their future.2) 名词性物主代词等于“形容词性物主代词+ 名词”，可以作主语、宾语、表语。You love your country and we love ours.-Whose bag is this? - Its hers.2. 考点1）ones own=.of ones own 句式的转换。I want to have a car of my own.= I want to have my own car.2）“介词 + the + 身体部位”此处不能用形容词性物主代词代替 the。The robber knocked her on the back.（三）反身代词第
10、 5 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】代词的第二个“ 罗嗦”就是它有一个小跟班-self(selves)反身代词，也就是表示“自己、亲自 ”的意思。关于反身代词，需要注意的是她不能单独做主语，但可以放在人称代词后面，做同位语。1.反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。One should not praise oneself. She often speaks to herself.She
11、is not quite herself. The table itself has only three legs.2.考点1) 谓语动词的宾语为主语本身，该宾语用反身代词。She found herself in a different world.2) 带有反身代词的惯用语。enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood，help yourself to, seat oneself, dress oneself, call oneself,teach oneself, by onesel
12、f, to oneself, of oneself,for oneself, talk to oneself in oneself （四）相互代词（each other, one another）相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为 each others 、one anothers ,作定语。一般来说， each other 指两者之间，one another指三者或三者以上之间，但现在区分已不明显。We should learn from each other / one another. (作宾语)Do you often write to each other /
13、 one another? (作宾语)We often borrow each others / one anothers books. (作定语)第 6 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】The students corrected each others / one anothers mistakes in their homework.(作定语)（五）指示代词（this, that , these,
14、those, such, same）指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性，在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。1. 指示代词 this/ these 和 that/ those 的区别。this (these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物。 that(those) 常指时间或空间较远的人或物。This is my desk and that is yours. In those days they could not go to school.this 常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用； that 则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this: the
15、 English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday. Thats why he didnt come.考点：为了避免重复，常用 that 或 those 代替前面已提过的名词。The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.2. such 和 same 的用法。such 指“这样的 ”人或事，在句中作主语和定语。Such was th
16、e story. We have never seen such a tall building.the same 指“同样的” 人或事，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语。The same can be said of the other article.（六）疑问代词（who, whom, which, what, whose）疑问代词在句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语。第 7 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure
17、】1.who/what询问姓名或关系用 who。 Who is he? He is my brother./He is Henry.询问职业或地位用 what。 What is he？ He is a lawyer/teacher.2. which 表示在一定范围内，而 who、what 则无此限制。I found two books on the desk.Which is yours?（七）连接代词和关系代词 （非重点）连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同，主要有who、whom、whose、what、which 以及它们与 ever 合成的代词whoever、whomever、whatever、
18、whichever 等。它们用来引导主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句，即连接复合句中的主句和从句，并在从句中担任一定的句子成分，以连接代词引起的名词性从句前不能再加 that.关系代词是用来引导定语从句的代词，它们包括who、whom、whose、which、that 等。这两类代词的用法详见“名词性从句”和“定语从句”部分。（八）不定代词（中考重点）不定代词主要有：all、 each、every、both、either、neither、one 、none 、little 、few、many、much、other、 another、some、any、no 等。还有由 some、any 、no 和
19、every 构成合成代词，不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质，并有可数和不可数之分，在句中可以作第 8 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等（every、no 只能作定语）。下面介绍几组主要不定代词的用法与区别。1. one, some 与 any:1) one 可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为 ones。some 多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。One shoul
20、d learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I dont have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some 可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?3) some 和 any 修饰可数名词单数时， some 表示某个，any 表示任何一个。I have read this article in some magazine. Plea
21、se correct the mistakes, if any.4) some 和数词连用表示 “大约”，any 可与比较级连用表示程度。There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today?2. each 和 every:第 9 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】each every1)可单独使用 1)不可单独
22、使用2)可做代名词、形容词 2)仅作形容词3)着重 “个别” 3)着重 “全体” ，毫无例外4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物each 强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而 every 强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。 Each student has a pocket dictionary. Each (of us) has a dictionary. We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points. Every one of us has strong
23、and weak points.3. none 和 no：no 等于 not any，作定语。none 作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。There is no water in the bottle. How much water is there in the bottle? None.None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.第 10 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, h
24、ard work, and learning from failure】4. few, a few, little, a little 在用法上的区别1)用作形容词：含义用法表示肯定 表示否定用于可数名词 a few 虽少，但有几个 few 不多，几乎没有用于不可数名词 a little，虽少，但有一点 little 不多，没有什么Im going to buy a few apples.He can speak only a little Chinese.There is only a little milk in the glass.He has few friends.They had
25、little money with them.2)a little 和 little 也可以用作副词，a little 表示“ 有点，稍微”，little 表示“很少”。Im a little hungry. (修饰形容词 hungry)Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词 sleep)Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级)She slept very little last night.5. other, the other, another, others, the others 的区别。第 11 页 共 15 页【Th
26、ere are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】代名词 形容词用 法单数 复数 单数 复数不定another另一个others别人，其他人another (boy)另一个（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一个男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1)other 可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。Wher
27、e are his other books?I havent any other books except this one.2)other 也可以用作代词，与冠词 the 连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个 ”。常与 one 搭配构成“one ., the other .”句型。He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other.3)other 作代词用时，可以
28、有复数 “others”，泛指 “另外的人或物”。常与 some搭配构成“some , others .”句型。Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.4)“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物 ”。We got home by 4 oclock, but the others didnt get back until 8 oclock.第 12 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to succe
29、ss. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5)another 可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个” ，还可以跟代词one.You can see another ship in the sea, cant you?Mary doesnt want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?6)an
30、other 也可以作代词用，表示“ 另一个”。Im still hungry after Ive had this cake. Please give me another. 【课后练习】课后小复习：1)-Miss Lin teaches _ English this term. Youre are lucky._ is a very good teacher.A. our; She B. us; He C. us; She D. ours; He2).Did you find _ very interesting to play yo-yo? A. this B. its C. that D
31、. it3)John, someone in your class phoned you this morning. -Oh, who was _?A. he B. she C. it D. that4)Is this your sons sweater? -No. _ is on the chair behind the desk.A. He B. Him C. She D. His5) It used to be _ apartment, but now its a _ .A. hers; mine B. her; mine C. her; my D. hers; my6)The weat
32、her in Guangdong is hotter than _ in Qinghai. A. it B. that C. one7)My sister learns English by _. A. myself B. herself C. himself D. yourself8)We have _ rain this spring. The trees and grass dont grow well.A. little B. a little C. a few D. few9)Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walkman? -_. I p
33、refer the kind of MP4.第 13 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】A. Both B. None C. Neither D. Either10)Your digital watch is quite nice. Where did you buy _ ? I want to buy _ ,too.A. one ; one B. it; it C. it; one D. one; it1
34、1)On _ sides of the street are a lot of colour flowers. A. each B. both C. either D. all12)Come on, Sue! Heres _ about the English Speech Contest.A. something useful B. anything special C. nothing exciting13)-_ is your coat, Mary? -This purple one. A. What B. Which C. Where D. Whose14)-_ is the old
35、man over there? - My grandfather.A. Which B. What C. Who D. Whose中考天天练:一、用括号中的适当形式填空 1. Are these _（you）pencils? Yes, they are _（our）. 2. Whose is this pencil? Its _（I）. 3. I love _（they） very much. 4. She is_ （I）classmate. 5. Miss Li often looks after_（she）brother. 6. Are these _（they）bags ？ No, th
36、ey arent _（their）. They are _ （we）. 二、单项选择 ( )1. If you drove more carefully, your uncle would be all right and you wouldnt have hurt_. A. himself B. yourself C. itself D. yourselves 第 14 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】
37、( )2. The schools in Shanghai are not different from_. A. those in Beijing B. that of Beijing C. Beijng D. Beijings students ( )3. All parents love their children, and my parents love_, too. A. ours B. theirs C. them D. his ( )4. “When shall we meet next time?” “_ day is OK.” A. Either B. Neither C.
38、 None D. Any ( )5. There are quite a few old books on the shelf , but_ of them is useful to him. A. both B. all C. none D. any ( )6. The Smiths have visited two famous cities. One is in Japan and_ is in China. A. another B. other C. others D. the other ( )7. The pen is _. She wrote _name with it_. A
39、. hers; her; herself B. her; hers; her C. her; hers; herself D. her; herself; hers ( )8. That bridge is almost broken. _ is not safe to cross the bridge. A. It B. She C. This D. That( ) 9. These are_ cups. _ are over there. A. our; Yours B. yours; Mine C. his; Our D. their; Your ( )10. The old men h
40、as_ friends. So he often feels lonely. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )11. -Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk? -_,thanks. Id like just a cup of tea.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None ( )12. -Who has a dictionary, children? -I have_. A. it B. this C. one D. so ( )
41、13. _are in the same class. A. Her and me B. She and l C. Me and her D. l and she 第 15 页 共 15 页【There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure】( )14. _of them has a new dictionary A. Every B. Each C. All D. Both ( )15. His parents_ English teachers. A. both are B. are both C. all are D. are all盘点收获
